Amebiasis isisu: isifo kwaye afumane unyango

amebiasis isisu: ntoni na? Kuyinto sifo eliqhelekileyo esosulelayo leyo sikhatshwa sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi ephambili wamathumbu, kwakunye namanye amalungu kunye neenkqubo emva kwenkqubo gabalala. Le nkqubo iyingozi kakhulu zophendlo lwezifo leyo kunokubangela ekufeni.

definition

amoebiasis isisu - sisifo okubangelwe yayintsholongwane eyosulela Entamoeba ntlobo histolytica. Le omzimba elula isagquba kumazwe sezulu nokufuma kunye eshushu. Ukongezelela, kumazwe ibekwe ekweleenjiko kunye efudumeleyo, inqanaba elisezantsi kakhulu zololongo lwentlalo, usulelo wamathumbu ngoko kwenzeka inkoliso yabantu. Le ngxaki yempilo karhulumente ungxamisekileyo amazwe ehlabathini wesithathu.

Ukuze siqonde indlela eyingozi amebiasis babantu, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba yena yesibini kuphela ekuswelekeni seengcongconi. billion Phantse isiqingatha abantu ehlabathini abathwali Entamoeba histolytica. Ishumi ekhulwini kubo uneempawu zonyango, kunye nokuba amabini ekhulwini sondela kwiingxaki ngaphandle nokubonakaliswa yokuqala isifo.

Ukufuduka zochuku lwabantu abavela kumazwe asakhasayo ukuba nesandla nempumelelo ngakumbi ukusasazeka pathogen nokudodobala zanda. In Russia ngokunxulumene yokushiywa ezivela kumazwe kuMbindi Mpuma, esi sifo saka.

umyalezo weimeyile

amebiasis isisu okubangelwa izihlunu-exela okanye nokuxaxaza igazi amoeba, leyo uhlale le mithambo ye shinyi emathunjini abantu. Le amoeba mbi iintlobo ezintathu: esinganyangekiyo, izihlunu, kunye luminal precystic.

1. ifomu lolwabo ifumaneka kuphela izigulane kwisigaba zale sifo yaye kuphela ancedisana emathunjini, kodwa hayi kwi esitulweni. Kuyinto yayimfutshane ngesithomo amoeba, nto leyo endoplasm okuthambileyo ectoplasm hayi equlethe organelles. It edakasa emzimbeni encediswa prolegs. Le fom ukufunxa iiseli ezibomvu, kwakunye The iienzymes engqushiweyo ukuba amncede ukungena isifo kunye submucosal nocamba emathunjini. Yenza necrosis izicwili kunye nezilonda.
2. ifomu Luminal ifumaneka mithambo ye ikholoni. Sidla iintsholongwane ezenza izilwanyana eqhelekileyo womntu, kwakunye awafuneki detritus evela zizilonda. Idla eyenzeka kubantu abathwaxwa ngohlobo zale sifo okanye abathwali. Amacala zeentshukumo zayo amancinci elicothayo kwithishyu.
3. Precystic zenze inguqu kwaye ifumaneka kuphela lolu hlobo amoebae. Ukumelana iindlela kweentsholongwane kwaye ngokukhawuleza afe ngaphandle host.
4. Cysts ezi lingahlala ifomu dysenteric ameba. Ngoko ke khona kokusingqongileyo. Oku iiseli ngeenxa zonke ezingenambala ukuba babe umphakathi ezine kunye vacuole. Le fom ifumaneka kwi imixholo amathumbu kunye nabakhi yokuchachela.

lwezifo

amebiasis isisu - it usulelo anthroponotic. Yiloo nto ke arhente causative ubomi kuphela ebantwini kwaye idluliselwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Indlela ukudluliselwa yokosulela indlela ilindle-ngomlomo inokuba nomahluko :. emanzini, ukutya, impahla yendlu, okanye qhagamshelana "ulusu-to-isikhumba" Umntu a carrier, ukuze yonke imihla ingohlulwa emzimbeni, izigidi cysts kwaye yosulele ngeenxa zonke. Olu hlobo amoebae sinokuhlala iphila emoyeni evulekileyo ngaphezu kwenyanga, yaye ngexesha yingqele - ukuya kutsho kwiinyanga ezintandathu. amanzi lwegciwane asetephini ubomi ngaphezu kweenyanga ezimbini, kwaye kumphezulu womhlaba - ingaphantsi kancinane iiveki ezimbini.

Oogqirha yokuzama ukufumanisa i kwangethuba amoebiasis namathumbu na. Iimpawu kwabasetyhini kunye nabantwana olukhula ngokukhawuleza, yaye esi sifo kuba nzima. Ngoko ke, enikwe ngobunzulu eceleni lomzimba kunye nozinzo yabo yemeko ezisingqongileyo, kuyimfuneko ukuba bagcine ucoceko buqu kwanawokuqhuba ukucoca rhoqo omanzi yesakhiwo kunye izibulali.

ukwanda

amebiasis isisu isagquba, nokuba imozulu okanye uhlanga. Kumazwe yimvula, ipesenti kwezi zingasentla, kodwa kwezinye iindawo le usuleleko kwakhona yinto exhaphakileyo. Ukusasazeka sifo inegalelo nesiko yococeko zabemi kunye kweemeko ezingaginyisi umzimba: ukungabikho unikezelo lwamanzi esembindini, udoti ngesiquphe kunye bemvula ukucoca.

Inani labantu bonke abathwali pathogen, kwaye nkqu aware of ukugula kwabo, amaxesha amaninzi likhulu kunenani labo abaye baphawula iimpawu zonyango. Kwamanye amazwe eli nani linyuka ukuya kumashumi amane anesihlanu ekhulwini labantu. Sezulu sifudumele abhalwe izehlo khona. Le ncwadi ichaza kwaqhambuka amoebiasis kwiimeko entolongweni kwaye enqabeni yomkhosi.

Kwi-ico ziiamoeba amazwe Extractor, bakholisa ukuba abantu human immunodeficiency virus, injecting abasebenzisi beziyobisi kunye nezigulane AIDS. transmission pathogen kwenzeka ngexesha stroke efudumeleyo.

Pathogenesis

amebiasis isisu - ntoni na? Le isisu enzima ikhula izitshanguba ze ikholoni. Uphuhliso kwesi sifo ngenxa iimpawu gciwane. Emva yokuginya cysts umntu ubethwa kokusingqongileyo asidi esiswini ezincinane enzyme emathunjini, wegqitha waya kwifom kwezityalo.

Enye cyst ujika ziiamoeba ezisibhozo, iyileyo ihamba amacandelo aphezulu ikholoni. Xa amajoni omzimba womntu ayisayicinezeli andisa ubunzima ziiamoeba, ukuba abathanga azibonakalisa: zidle iintsholongwane kunye chyme. Kodwa ukuba iimeko niqalise lokuyibabala kubo, umzekelo, lunyhasho asidi, namathumbu udonga kukwenzakala, peristalsis kakuhle, ukuvela ziimpethu okanye ntshikilelo, lo pathogen uqalisa ukwanda ngamandla kwaye angene ukusuka mithambo le wamathumbu eseludongeni yakhe.

Le Isidleli ukhulule protease, hemolysin kunye nezinye enzayim kutshabalalisa inyama kunye nokunceda pathogen ukungena ukungena ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Neutrophils (macrophage zeethishu) bazama ukuba zilidle amoebae, kodwa endaweni yoko ke zasuka zanyibilika kwaye zifunyanwe monooksidanty ukuba kuphuculwe nokudumba necrosis. Kwiindawo apho kukho ukuxuba izilonda kwemiqathango ebangela isifo kwaye yayintsholongwane eyosulela microflora, i-arhente causative of sendela nzulu inwebu uyandisa ngokukhawuleza. Ekubeni injongo ephambili okanye bakha ithumba.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha kubhaliwe kuvulwa, kwaye endaweni yayo kwakheka isilonda elintlangothi podrytymi kunye necrosis elisembindini. Yangaphakathi uzama ukuvala siphene kunye izihlunu entsha, granulation. Ekugqibeleni, kukho uxakaxa abanesigulo, loloyiko kunye zingaxhomekekanga. Mathumba Awuveli ngexesha elifanayo. uyakwazi ukufumana zombini izilonda fresh nje obubhenqwe isigqubuthelo phezu isifo kwe ikholoni kwaye Epithelialising yako.

Nezilonda kunokuba nzulu kangangokuba engena kuyo yonke Ebubanzini bodonga, kwaye inga unobangela yelungu perforation kunye peritonitis yophela emathunjini. Oku kunegalelo gabalala kwesifo kunye yokufudukela ziiamoeba egazini kwamanye amalungu kunye namalaphu.

iimpawu

I-World Health Organization ngokuchonga iindlela eziliqela, nto leyo ukuphuhlisa amebiasis emathunjini. Iimpawu nganye ngesihle pathognomonic, ngoko uxilongo akuthethi kunokubangela iingxaki zonyango ezibalulekileyo.

besisu Dysenteric. Lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo kwesi sifo. Kukho zombini etsolo ezahlukeneyo ezingapheliyo kwemali. Ithuba elisuke - ukususela kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwiinyanga ezine. The main uphawu - urhudo. Okokuqala, malunga amaxesha amathandathu ngemini, kodwa ke ukunyuka izinga amaxesha amabini okanye ngaphezulu endleni kuvela admixture igazi yencindi yomlomo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, endleni abe anambitheka ijeli. Izikhalazo ubuhlungu, iqondo lobushushu okanye lidiniwe angenako ukubonisa. Kodwa ukuba kakhulu ukuze cramping iintlungu esiswini ilungelo engezansi (idla bedidekile kunye ukudumba isihlomelo), kunye namaqondo aphezulu.

inkqubo Acute ithatha iiveki hayi ngaphezulu kwe ezintandathu, kulandele ixesha uxolelo. Maxa wambi uya recovery, kodwa oko kwakufana. Ngokuqhelekileyo, emva kokuba isibini kweenyanga, esi sifo liqale, kodwa sele kwifomu ezigulo ezondeleyo. Ngaphandle konyango, le nkqubo iye yalityaziswa iminyaka. amoebiasis Chronic lungahlulwa-hlulwa zibe iifom nezolo kunye ngokuqhubekayo.

Kwimeko zesifo nezolo ngamaxesha Kwytskeldings exacerbation smeryayutsya, kodwa mpawu bebengayivavanyanga ngokupheleleyo, kwaye babe ngaphantsi iqapheleka kuphela (kwinqanaba iingxaki zemiphunga isihlalo). Ngexesha exacerbation segazi hayi iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni kakhulu utshintsho kubonakala iintlungu esiswini, ukutyelela rhoqo yangasese (uthelekisa kuxolelwe). Continuous bonke eziboniswa anda iimpawu isisu, ukubonakala igazi kunye yencindi kwi esitulweni.

Ikhosi zexesha elide kwesi sifo icekethekise kakhulu izigulane, zabona anaemia, ukwehla kobunzima ukuya cachexia, iimpawu asthenovegetative.

amoebiasis extra-emathunjini

amagciwane umthondo protozoan emzimbeni kunokuzibonakalisa kungekuphela nje amoebiasis emathunjini. Iimpawu zesi sifo inokuba iyafana nesi sifo zakudala, kodwa kunjalo ukuba zibangelwa yi-gciwane efanayo. ifomu Extraintestinal kwenzeka xa amoeba engena kwegazi. Amaninzi ilungu ekujoliswe uba isibindi, imiphunga okanye ingqondo.

amathumba ukuphuhlisa imizimba ikhankanywe apha ngentla. iziphumo zabo phambi ekwandeni wesibindi lobushushu bavuselwa amanani aphezulu (39 okanye ngaphezulu), ehamba Ukugodola, ukubila (ingakumbi ebusuku). Ukuba inhibition olomeleleyo umsebenzi isibindi abonakale senyongo. Ngamanye amaxesha ithumba kuqhwithela umngxuma okanye kunyibilike kwaye iziqulatho zayo kwisisu pleural. Oku kuphakamisa ukuyilwa empyema, ithumba emiphungeni, kunye atelectasis.

amebiasis isisu kubantwana

Phakathi amatyala kunye abathwali Entamoeba histolytica abantwana abaninzi, ngenxa yokuba bengawugcini na imigaqo yococeko buqu kwaye kaninzi mdaka. Ngaphezu koko, kufuneka isixokelelwano omzimba buthathaka. Nawuphi na umntu omdala ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-5 ukuze kuthi amebiasis emathunjini. Iimpawu, unyango kunye isifo azikho eyahlukileyo kuleyo abadala. obubonakala lwezonyango ngayo abangaxhalabisiyo, amaqondo obushushu ngaphezulu eqhelekileyo, ngaphantsi ephantsi-grade. Urhudo into cramping kwindalo, kukho wachuba iindawo egazini usisihlalo kunye yencindi yomlomo. Inani yongxamiseko ziyahluka ukusuka kumaxesha-2 ukuya ku-15 ngosuku. neentlungu esiswini kungangabikho ngenxa ukungafezeki kwinkqubo bomntwana luvo.

Wezifo kunokuba nzima ukubona amebiasis iimpawu wamathumbu abantwana imfiliba kwaye bezenze nezinye izifo emathunjini. Ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba uqokelele ngenyameko anamnesis, ukucacisa ixesha lokuba baye phesheya, kwaye ubukho iimpawu kwi kubazali.

ekuxilongweni

Xa abadala ngayo kwakhona kakhulu ixesha elide ukuxilonga "amebiasis emathunjini." Ugonyo luqala zokuqokelelwa kwimbali kwezifo. Living iimeko, ubukho abantu abagulayo kwimeko-bume, aye mpuma Asia kutsha nje kwixa elidlulileyo wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kukho usuleleko enokubakho pathogen kwaye hlengisa ugqirha kwicala elifanelekileyo.

Uxilongo izigqibo kukufunda kwilebhu isitulo kunye colon zomzimba, amathumba iziqulatho esibindini nemiphunga. isifo amebiasis isisu kungqinwe ubukho kwi nesixhobo iintlobo kwezityalo segazi amoeba. Ukuze babe uxilongo olusebenzayo, uphando lwenziwa njalo, ukuqala ngosuku lokuqala yokugula okanye ukwamkelwa isigulane esibhedlele. Efumanisa Iifom kuphela luminal kunye cyst ukunika isiseko ezaneleyo moshilongo.

Ukuba iziphumo sifundo negative parasitological okanye oxutyiweyo, ngoko ke inyathelo elilandelayo ekuqulunqweni zovavanyo ze-serological ekufunyanisweni kwe-buhlungu ezisegazini okanye antibodies pathogen egazini yesigulane. bemfuno sokuhlola i ukunyuka onamandla omzimba titer ngamaxesha ezine okanye nangaphezulu kwinqanaba lokuqala.

Ukususela uphando instrumental bamthwala kwesibindi ultrasonography, ray, Itomography ikhompyutha okanye ngemagnethi ekuvakaleni kwelizwi Itomography. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuze ukubona nakujoliso olutsha extra-emathunjini.

unyango

oogqirha abadli ukulinda de iya unesifo "amoebiasis wamathumbu", unyango waqala ngoko nangoko emva kokuba umntu ufumana ukuya esibhedlele. Ekuqaleni kwangumqondiso: abuyisele ilahleko iziselo kunye electrolytes butofelwe alawulwa iziyobisi, ukuxhasa umsebenzi yentliziyo nemiphunga. Ukuba kukho nangecesina, oko zancitshiswa amanani eyamkelekileyo. Emva kokufumanisa ukuxilongwa esichazayo idityanisiwe kunye nonyango ethile.

Ukuba umntu inaso ziiamoeba, ngoko atyumbe amoebocytes luminal ukuba igalelo ekususweni izinambuzane emzimbeni kwaye zinqanda ukwanda kwabo. Ngapha koko, eli qela imithi kunye nezigulane kunye nezinye iintlobo sifo, ukuze ecaleni ngokupheleleyo pathogen emzimbeni.

Izigulana acute segazi amoebic kukho amoebocytes Yinyama senze ngqo kwiifom kwezityalo ka pathogen, uze ususe ukuba amalungu kunye namalaphu. Kubalulekile ukuba bangenele ngokupheleleyo unyango, nasemva yokuduka iimpawu zonyango. Kukho amatyala ukwenzeka eminyaka sifo emva kwesiqingatha sokuqala.

ukuvimbela

Yintoni ekufuneka uyenze ukuze ukuthintela amebiasis emathunjini? Injongo yale unyango ukuphelisa le parasite evela kwisigulana, kunye nesiphumo nothintelo kwiimeko zalo kwindalo kunye nokuphila. igqirha izifo ezosulelayo kufuneka luchonge abasebungozini kuqhuba isaveyi yezikolo aba bantu, kwakunye nokukhuthaza ukuba aphumeze zokucoca jikelele endlwini.

Umngcipheko zigula bonke abantu:

• ukuba ngezifo kwenkqubo wokugaya;
• abahlali zokuhlala, apho kungekho ubonelelo lwamanzi kwindawo enye;
• abasebenzi yokudla;
• abahambi;
• abantu orientation eyahlukileyo ngokwesini.

kuxilonga zezigulane alahlwayo kunyaka ophelileyo. Izifundo malunga eceleni zibanjwa qho kwiinyanga ezintathu, yaye ngenxa yoko, xa kukho iimpawu ukuphazamiseka ye phecana zesisu. Ukuze ndimaphule indlela udluliselo ikhutshwa phandle kwamagciwane izinto, ezibe ukhetho nomonde. Ukongeza, izindululo banikwa ukuphucula ulawulo sanitary-epidemiological.