Crile utyando: izalathisi, inkcazelo, iingxaki kunokwenzeka. Nkovu nodes entanyeni

Emzimbeni womntu ngexesha sicatshulwa iinqanawa emithanjeni ibekwe iindawo abamele ezi izihluzi apho ucoco kunye nokulahlwa kwezinto kwamanye amazwe. Ukuba kukho iindumbisa kwiindawo nkovu, lexi kumekaka elitsolo ekujongeni okanye ezinye iintlobo zophando, oko Kungaphikiswa ukuba kukho inkqubo arhabaxa. unyango kwangethuba kukhokelela kuqheleke bubungakanani, kodwa ke kukho iimeko ezifuna ukususwa ezalathelwe nkovu wesibeleko. Cinga iimeko apho kufuneka nokuba zithini iziphumo.

operation Crile

Lo mfanekiso - oku yeyona ndlela iphambili yokususwa iindawo nkovu ibekwe kwi entanyeni. Le ndlela iye yaphuhliswa kudala, kodwa isasetyenziswa nangoku uqhaqho. Eyona njongo iphambili esukelwa ukusebenza Crile - into ndahlukane nodes nkovu ezichatshazelwe iiseli zomhlaza.

Inyaniso yokuba ichemotherapy nemitha akakwazi ukuphelisa metastases ezichaphazela iindawo nkovu, ngoko aninako ukwenza ngaphandle uqhaqho. Kwindawo nkovu phantsi imihlathi isusiwe, ukuba kukho neoplasm okanye ulwimi mmandla. Ngamanye amaxesha ufuna ukucima ezivela macala omabini.

Indawo ezalathelwe uphuhliso nkovu

Kubonakala ukuba ukwanda kwiindawo nkovu ibonisa ubukho emzimbeni inkqubo arhabaxa. Kuxhomekeka apho nodes nkovu entanyeni bazitshisekisayo, kunokwenziwa isigqibo malunga uphuhliso zokuqala a ngezifo. Kakade ke, ukuba wenze oko kuphela yincutshe.

Umntu oqhelekileyo kufuneka bazi ukuba inkqubo emithanjeni lidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni umzimba arhente zasemzini. iindawo nkovu i uhlobo okucoca ezo musa ukuvumela ukuba zingene nzulu umzimba kwiintsholongwane izifo. Zamanzi phantsi umhlathi okanye kwenye entanyeni unakho abazukwaluphala ukutshabalalisa iiseli umhlaza, eyingozi ebantwini.

iindawo nkovu zifumaneka kwiindawo ezininzi umzimba, kodwa zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela ezininzi:

1. Ibekwe phezu kodonga ngaphambili entanyeni kunye umva.
2. Indlebe.
3. Occipital.
4. Chin and submandibular.

Ukuba umzimba usempilweni, ngoko ukuvavanya amacandelo kunzima kuba imfundo encinane. Ba ezinokususwa kancinane, kodwa musa ukuba kuhlolwe sicinezelweyo. Ukudumba ingaba submaxillary isenokubonisa ukuphuhlisa angina kwaye ube bubungqina ezimbi ngakumbi kakhulu. Chaza kunokuba ube yincutshe kuphela.

Izinto ezibangela ukudumba kwiindawo nkovu

Qala ukuzibonakalisa iindawo nkovu inokuba phantsi kweemeko ezahlukileyo, amaxesha amaninzi unobangela yongeniselo yabo:

• Ukungena yomenzeli ezosulelayo emzimbeni.
• utshwala Chronic.
• Ukwenzakala kwinkqubo zemiphunga okanye sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi em- ngomlomo.
• Ukwehla nezifo.
• Imihla iyoluka sesichengeni kubanda.
• Ukungabikho iivithamini.
• An uxabane.
• iimeko rhoqo uxinezeleko.
• Depression.
• Ukuba AIDS okanye i-HIV.
• Uphuhliso umhlaza.

Ngenxa yoko, ukudumba nkovu submandibular lunokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi, ngoko kukho uxilongo - oko Lilungelo leSebe i ingcali.

Izizathu le Crile operation

Oogqirha unikeze inombolo kwakuthethwa kulo utyando:

• nodes nkovu Strong entanyeni.
• Operation Crile Kwakhona wabonisa inganyuswa ukuba kwezinye iindawo submandibular, wesibeleko alichatshazelwa, kodwa kukho urhano ukuba ukuhlupheka.
• Emva kuhlolwe bifurcation kwemithambo carotid.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba isigqibo wenze utyando kuthatha kuphela ngugqirha, njengoko le uqhaqho yi su kunokuba nzima yokuphumeza kwaye nempembelelo enkulu kwimpilo umguli.

Yiyo loo nto ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha alukho ukuba aqhube, ngokuba umonakalo uza kuba mkhulu iinzuzo ezilindelekileyo.

Izimo kutyando

Kwezinye iimeko, utyando olwenziwa Crile, kwakhona, kodwa ke kukho iimeko xa kungcono ukuba ukusebenzisa utyando ezifana:

• Ukuba metastases zibe kwindawo enye kwaye ayisebenzi.
• Ukuba isigulane eqolo kakhulu, oko kukuthi, akukho cachexia.
• yobudala abalupheleyo abe sisithintelo umsebenzi onjalo. utyando Heavy kungabangela iingxaki kakhulu, nto leyo ibe ngaphaya kwamandla umzimba abadala.

Ukulungiselela sesigulane utyando

Ngokuqhelekileyo, umsebenzi lwenziwa phantsi Ukubulawa jikelele. Kuba ukusebenza lula ugqirha isigulane makayirhole ngomqolo phantsi entanyeni livalelwe roller.

INtloko uphendulela kangangoko malungana ulwalathiso utyando ukudala jikelele ngobulumko iindawo apho nkovu nodes sentanyeni ngugqirha. Izandla kufuneka ilungiswe kakuhle kwi engile umzimba. Emva onke amalungiselelo iinzuzo ugqirha nokusebenza.

Operation Crile: Inkcazo

ungenelelo yentsebenziswano yenziwa ngokwezigaba. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba ukususwa iindawo nkovu kukhokelela ukuphazamiseka imithambo jugular, ngoko ekususeni ngaxeshanye omabini iyangqubana kwegazi lobuchopho.

Inxaxheba kwinqanaba lokuqala iindawo nkovu iyasuswa kwicala apho zonakele kakhulu. Ukunciphisa ukusebenzisa incakuba, ngelo emva utshintsho asike nganye. Ngaxeshanye, liqatywe isikhumba kufuneka wenziwe hemostasis. Ukuphumeza oku, i-unesi ethatha omnye abancedisi kwiitheminali, ngoxa owesibini ngobunono ndikunyibilikise yome intsimi yotyando.

Emva kokuba isigaba sokuqala usebenzo ikhefu iiveki ezimbini okanye ezintathu, baze emva koko kwenziwe ukususwa ezalathelwe nkovu kwelinye icala.

iingxaki zotyando

Nawuphi ukusebenza - ukungenela baberhabaxa kwaye ezinkulu umsebenzi umzimba, kwangokunjalo kubekho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Nayiphi na ugqirha kufuneka ulungise ukuba zihambe kakuhle, kodwa kunokuba engalindelekanga. Ukuba kubanjwe Crile utyando iingxaki, kwaye yahlulwe ngamaqela amabini:

1. Iingxaki wabonakala ngqo ngexesha lokusebenza.
2. Ukulibaziseka iingxaki ukuba sele kubonakala kwithuba postoperative.

Iqela ngalinye kuchongwa iingxaki zasekuhlaleni ngokubanzi.

Iingxaki ezathi zavela ngexesha utyando, ziquka:

• Ukonakala komboko luvo. Oku ekugqibeleni kukhokelela hoarseness, uphuhliso tachycardia, inyumoniya.
• pneumothorax angase ngenxa emphysema.
• Xa zonakele iimpahla ezinkulu, lo Embolism umoya kwenzeka.
• ukopha kakhulu ukuze makakubuze ukutofelwa igazi.
• Ezinye iingxaki ngexesha apho akunakwenzeka ukuqikelela kwangaphambili lo msebenzi.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zonke ezi iingxaki ugqirha ofanelekileyo iya kubeyisa zothintelo ngexesha kuqhutywa okanye uguqulo kancincane ubuchule lomsebenzi.

Imiphumo zotyando

Imiphumo zotyando ziquka:

• Uphefumla iingxaki ezidla ukuphuhlisa ngenxa nokudumba laryngeal.
• Mgomo inyumoniya. Oku uyakwazi ukuphuhlisa ngenxa nokwanda emiphungeni kwezinto amazwe, ezifana nokugabha.
• Ukopha, kulo mzekelo ngokufuthi ityala ugqirha, nto leyo ilaphu wayengekafiki inxeba ngenyameko.
• Ekweneni ubuso.

• Cyanosis esikhumba, ingakumbi emlonyeni.
• Eminye imiphumo, xa zivela, funa iingcebiso zonyango.

Izenzo emva kotyando

Ukuqhuba utyando - ukuba isiqingatha emfazweni, kubalulekile ukuba isigulane ubunzima kakuhle ixesha postoperative, kwaye kakhulu kunzima, ukuba zenziwa Crile uqhaqho.

Isigulana kwisebe ngotyando ngokuyimfuneko idluliselwe labagula kakhulu, oluqhutywa apho ucupho rhoqo. kubalulekile ukuthatha eli thuba onke amanyathelo okuthintela uphuhliso iingxaki postoperative.

Isigulana ngokuyimfuneko ugqirha umisela amaqela zilandelayo iziyobisi umzimba ekukhawuleziseni angalulama olo phazamiseko gross:

• Analgesics kuphele iintlungu.
• Nadlamkisayo zokususa luvo excitation kunye nexhala.
• Qiniseka ukuba yokwamkela amachiza ukuthintela usulelo amagciwane.
• Musa ukuphazamisa isitofu glucose ukuba ukugcina umzimba.
• Umzimba ukujongana ngokukhawuleza imiphumo msebenzi, ukuba uthatha iziyobisi okubuyisela.

Emva kotyando, noTshintshiselwano iyunithi labagula kakhulu ikakhulu kwenziwe unyango protivoshokovym. Isigulane ifakwa esililini ngaphambili wotha ukuba iqondo lobushushu igumbi, zingasetyenziswa njenge iphedi supplement ubushushu, olusetyenziswa ezandleni nasezinyaweni.

Emva kotyando asuse ezalathelwe uphuhliso nkovu kwisiqalo of Oncology radiotherapy ngokuyimfuneko ukubamba.

abasebenzi bezonyango kufuneka kwangexesha isilonda emva kotyando magciwane ukuthintela uphuhliso nokudumba ukuqokelelana ubomvu. Walisusa kufuneka itshintshwe izihlandlo eziliqela ngemini.

Emva kotyando, qiniseka ukuba ukuqhuba le misebenzi ilandelayo:

• Yenza konke okusemandleni ukuze kuthintelwe ukuphazamiseka ejikeleza lobuchopho.
• Ukuvelisa splinting.
• Thatha onke amanyathelo okuthintela ekweneni womqala.
• Ukuba ngexesha ukusebenza isigulane uphulukene okuninzi igazi, kufuneka igazi.
• Emva kotyando, isigulane wabelwa ukuya ukutya ukutya okhethekileyo.
• Ugqirha idla icebisa isigulane ukuba benze imithambo yokuphefumla, kufuneka banikwe imizuzu emi-5, kathathu ngemini.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba isigulana ebhedini kufuneka babe nakwisiqingatha ehleli indawo. Ekubeni inkqubo umoya yemiphunga nezengekho is ngcono. Ukuphucula nokuphefumla ubonisa unikezelo ioksijini eyongezelelweyo yokufumana ithumbu ngeempumlo.

Xa isigulane yazinza, ukuba utshintshela kwigumbi rhoqo, apho lo gama phantsi kweliso likagqirha iintsuku eziliqela. Kuphela xa imeko yomguli akayi kubangela oogqirha besoyika okuphuma kuwe ekhaya, kodwa ke unyango unako Malivelise, njengoko umthetho, ugqirha ukuya unika iingcebiso ebalulekileyo yokuthotyelwa umsebenzi kunye nabanye, isondlo, wemithi umsebenzi ngokwasemzimbeni, nto leyo kuqala ngaphandle ngokubanzi. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ugqirha uyakukumisela amanye amayeza ekufuneka athathwe.

isiphelo

Kufuneka siphethe ngokuthi nokubuyekezwa Crile uqhaqho yahluke gqitha namhlanje. Oku kuyaqondakala, umzimba, ngamnye wahlukile kwaye uziva ngokwahlukileyo kuphazamiseko olukhulu emsebenzini wakhe. Kubonakala kukho izigulane wabuyisa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba ukususwa ezalathelwe nkovu. Kodwa kukho loo iqela oza ubomi ixesha elide. Kufuneka ixesha elininzi ngakumbi ukululama. Nokuba emva osenyameni, ngeendlela ezininzi benyanzelekile ukunciphisa ngokwam alandele ngqo zonke iingcebiso kagqirha.

Kufuneka kwakhona kuthiwa ukuba izigulane ezininzi ethole utyando ukuqinisekisa ukuba emva ku-izigulane unyango kufuneka athathe amayeza emiselwe ngugqirha wakho, ukuhlonipha, ukutya kakuhle. Kakade ke, lo msebenzi - yinto uphazamiseko gross, kodwa emva kokuba afumane ithuba kuchacha aze aphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.