Yintoni isiqaqa? Iimpawu isiqaqa nyathelo kwaye nokubekwa

Igama elithi 'isiqaqa "kubolekwe isiGrike ngokoqobo lithetha" ubuthongo. "

Yintoni isiqaqa?

Iimpawu isiqaqa njengoko inhibition okanye umsebenzi elekhtrons elibukhali kwinkqubo luvo. Ngokuqinisekileyo ihamba ilahleko lokuqonda. Umntu modem ukukhanya, isandi kunye nezinye ezenzeka ngaphandle. Kuphula ummiselo esisiseko imisebenzi ebalulekileyo umzimba. Coma mali kwingxaki eyingozi yesifo, nto leyo ebangela kubenzima inkqubo yokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe nalo. Kuxhomekeka izizathu ezikhokelela isiqaqa, oko banokuba ngokukhawuleza okanye, njengoko xa kukho umdlali olimeleyo traumatic kwengqondo, okanye ngokuthe ngcembe. Iimpawu eziphambili isiqaqa kunokwenzeka iiyure eziliqela okanye iintsuku, kunye nexesha ekufuneka ephatha inokuphetshwa ukonakala karhulumente. Ngoko, ngubani makubonwe imeko zophendlo lwezifo etsolo apho imfuneko kompeksnaya unyango kwi nisaqala ukubonakaliswa. Ngoko ke, lokufunyaniswa 'isiqaqa "lufakwa hayi kuphela isigulane, hayi sizihoye kakuhle izinto zangaphandle, kodwa kwimeko loqhawulo ezingqondweni lo gama kugcinwe ingqondo ezisisiseko.

Lo mfanekiso kwezonyango isiqaqa wenziwa nokuqonda obubonakala indlela yayo kunye nolwazi zizifo ngezifo ezimbi ezifana neswekile, hypnotics ubuthi zizinto psychotropic, uremia, engakunika ngale meko.

Imihlobo ithi comatose

Kukho izifo ezininzi inokuba ingxaki isiqaqa. Iimpawu isiqaqa, umyalezo wayo uye wafunda ngokweenkcukacha NK Bogolepov, zona ezo ndazibalela ekuthini iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-30 kule meko. Kuphela inxalenye encinane sisazinzulu abonakala ngesifo ezimeleyo, ngoxa syndromes yentsimbi eseleyo kunye iingxaki. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba akukho mfuneko yokuba esi sifo kubantu ezahlukeneyo kunokubangela i isiqaqa. Ingxaki siyifumana ekugxojweni homeostasis kwemichiza, hemodynamics, kunye nezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene nokusebenza eqhelekileyo ebuchotsheni. Systematization isiqaqa yakhokelela ekwakhiweni la macandelwana alandelayo.

Coma, lwezempilo

neposredstenno Bona ezinxulumene nenkqubo luvo. Ezi ziquka:

• owathi, zingaveli ngesibetho;
• coma apoplectiform;
• coma sokuwa;
• owabangela ukonzakala, ezifana ingqondo ebuhlungu;

• isiqaqa okubangelwa kukuvela iinkqubo ukudumba kwakunye yamathumba ebubonisayo nesibuhlungu ebuchotsheni kunye iinwebu zayo.

Isiqaqa nokuphazamiseka yonyango

Yintoni eyabangela le isiqaqa? Iimpawu isiqaqa kuvela ukusilela kwiinkqubo pathways ngomzimba ngenxa imveliso ihomoni engonelanga okanye ngokugqithisileyo. Ukuba ukuba kuhlelwe lincinane, ngoko kukho kwikhoma

• abaneswekile;
• gipokortikoidnaya;
• hypothyroid;
• gipopituitarnaya.

Ukuba umzimba uvelisa hormone okanye umthamo eyabelwe ngokungachanekanga iziyobisi hormone, unokuba thyrotoxic kunye isiqaqa hypoglycemic.

Ukuba waphazamiseka amanzi kunye electrolyte esele umzimba

Xa umzimba womntu lifumana emzimbeni, ukungabikho lweziqalelo olukhulu sihlaziye, iityuwa, kunye nezondlo eziyimfuneko ukubuyisela Ilahleko ye-eneji, oko nathi kuwa isiqaqa. Kule meko kukho ezimbini ejolise kudidi:

• hlorgidropenicheskuyu ngubani oko kukuthi, ukuba isigulane akayeki ixesha elide ukugabha olunzulu, umzekelo, kwimeko stenosis pyloric;
• karhulumente dystrophic alimentary-comatose, ngamanye amazwi, ukufa isiqaqa afe.

exchange igesi kakuhle, okwabangela kwikhoma

Iimpawu ze olu hlobo i yokunqongophala kwe-oksijini ezinikiweyo iingxaki isixokelelwano sokuphefumla. Ezi ziquka:

• Le hypoxia kubangelwa kukungabikho oksijini zinikwe ngaphandle (oko kwenzeka kwimeko ukutsarhwa hypoxia hypobaric, kwakunye kwegazi, igazi eliphantsi xa okroqiweyo ioksijini, yaye zezigulo ezahlukeneyo kwegazi);
• isiqaqa yokuphefumla, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, nohlulwe acidotic yokuphefumla palsy kunye zokuphefumla.

ukusilela yokuphefumla, okubangelwa anoxia, hypercapnia, waphula kwihlabathi iinkqubo zotshintshiselwano igesi emiphungeni - iimpawu eziqhelekileyo isiqaqa yale ohlobo.

Coma ukunxila okanye ngenxa

Imela ngaphandle kwiqela eyahlukileyo kuba kudale ukunxila iqala ezihamba toksoinfektsii, izifo ezahlukeneyo ezosulelayo, pancreatitis, insufficiency kwezintso kunye hepatic, okanye iziphumo ityhefu kwemichiza: phosphorus iikhompawundi organic, utywala, iziyobisi, ngoweqela "barbiturate" kunye nezinye iziyobisi.

Ukongeza koku zokuhlelwa engqongqo zikhona isiqaqa aetiology ezingaziwayo okanye oxutyiweyo, apho akunakwenzeka ukuchonga isizathu enye ngokucacileyo, umzekelo, kwimeko isiqaqa thermal ezibangelwa nobushushu komzimba yonke. Nangona eminye imithombo bathi kwi qela luvo.

Le look zilandelayo kwi umntu, ziyenzeka ngamaxa ngaphezu kwezinye iintlobo isiqaqa.

isiqaqa abaneswekile: yokuhlela

isiqaqa seswekile, iimpawu eziza kuxoxwa kamva, kubangelwa ukunqongophala emzimbeni insulin seswekile okunokubonakaliswa lunee ezintathu: giperketonemicheskaya, hyperosmolar, giperlaktatsidemicheskaya. Maxa wambi ibizwa ngokuba 'isiqaqa ubuchopho "ukususela ngethuba lekhosi waphawula yayo nokudumba ingqondo ngenxa yokuba ekunciphiseni amanqanaba insulin kunye osmolarity iiseli igazi ebuchotsheni iyahluka ngokwahlukileyo.

Xa amaqondo eswekile yegazi Ekwandeni kakhulu, kuza kwikhoma hyperglycemic. Kubaluleke kakhulu yingozi abantwana nabantu abakhulileyo. Uqala ngokuthe ngcembe, ngokuqhelekileyo iintsuku eziliqela.

Iimpawu coma hyperglycemic:

• acetone umoya iphunga;
• pallor kunye nesikhumba owomileyo;
• ukulahleka emnyama;
• constriction abafundi;
• iintlungu esiswini;
• tachycardia;
• kunciphise kwezihlunu;
• ukudala isiphithiphithi.

Ngokukhawuleza uqala ukubonisa iimpawu zokuqala isiqaqa, kukho imfuno engxamisekileyo ukubiza "yezigulane." Ukuba ke anithanga nindazise oko kwexesha, umntu uyayeka ukuba baphendule iimeko zangaphandle kunye neempembelelo.

coma hypoglycemic

Xa izigulane seswekile, iswekile ayikwazi kuphela landa ngendlela emangalisayo, kodwa ukuba iyehla. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba breaks elide phakathi nokutya, umthambo ngokugqithisileyo, okanye kwimeko ukusetyenziswa alokogolya. isiqaqa Hypoglycemic, iimpawu ezo zichazwe ngezantsi, oko olukhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Kunokuba intwasahlobo:

• ozaziyo yindlala;
• ukukhathazeka;
• Ucaphuka kunye ukungahlaliseki;
• kubushushu obuphantsi umzimba;
• ukuphefumla rapid nzulu;
• ukwanda ukubila;
• isicaphucaphu, migraine;
• iyangongoza intliziyo;
• ukuphazamiseka ebonwayo;
• ukwazi ukuncokola;
• abafundi inimba ;
• hypertonicity dystrophy.

Xa ngokubonakala yonke okanye inxalenye iimpawu eziyimfuneko zoncedo lokuqala, equka ulawulo efakwa, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba kuyimfuneko, isisombululo iswekile, kunye ongama - epinephrine.

isigaba isiqaqa

Kokuba kufunyaniswe ukuba kukho inani yezizathu, ngenxa leyo iphuhlisa isiqaqa, Iimpawu isiqaqa nelula umyalezo ukuqinisekisa ubungqongqo inkqubo, kunye nezigaba isiqaqa ezininzi ngaloo yatyunjwa.

1. Precoma. Apha isigulane uphawuleka iimpawu ezininzi kunokuba ziphikisana. Kwelinye icala, kukho ukwazi luzizi, ukusilela zoLwazi lomhlaba, nokucotha, yaye kwelinye icala, ukuba nochuku kunokwenzeka, ukungabi ulungelelwaniso, kodwa relfeksy engundoqo bunjalo.
2. Isiqaqa isidanga sokuqala. Oku xa isigulane ngokubonakalayo ukuya kumfowunelwa, akaphenduli kwizinto zangaphandle, ibe ikwayise iso kakhulu nkqu eninzi iintlungu, kukho hypertonicity izihlunu kunye antsi of receptor yesikhumba. Abafundi kule meko ekukhanyeni basabela, kodwa zahluke kumacala ahlukeneyo, hilaha ku strabismus.
3. Isiqaqa kwiqondo lesibini ngenxa yokunqongophala epheleleyo qha, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuba indlela intlungu: ubuninzi umntu ukuvula amehlo akhe. Kukho ukuhamba kwesisu engenasizathu kwaye isinyi, intshukumo umbhodamo iingalo nemilenze, zinamandla ezibukhali kunye nezihlunu rasslabenie. Abafundi phantse musa modem ukukhanya.
4. Isiqaqa degree wesithathu. abalazi ngokupheleleyo ukuxhuma, basabela ekukhanyeni kunye neentlungu, kuncitshiswa uxinzelelo, ikhaliphe, kwaye ubushushu, ukuphefumla kade, ezinqabileyo, nzulu. Man "ahambe ngokwalo".
5. Isiqaqa degree yesine. Akukho simo emsebenzini ngokupheleleyo, ikhaliphe, imvakalozwi, uxinzelelo ephantsi kakhulu kwaye iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni, nokuphefumla ngamaxa athile shwaka.

Kwikhoma angenzeka kumbandela lemizuzwana, imizuzu, okanye iintsuku. Ngokwendalo, kokukhona ngokucotha yenzeka, kokukhona kusenokwenzeka umguli ukubuyela esiqhelweni. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukulibazisa esibhedlele xa efumanise ngokwakhe okanye iimpawu zokuqala ekuqaleni isiqaqa othandekayo wakhe.

Nokuba abantu abane kakuhle ixhomekeke ubungqongqo isiqaqa, kwakunye nendlela ngokukhawuleza waqonda ukubonakaliswa yayo ephambili, waza waqalisa nya. Coma, ekhatshwa ukonakala kwengqondo, abe ALS ihlwempu ukusilela esibindini. Ithemba yabaneziphumo ezihle kunokwenzeka kwimeko isiqaqa seswekile, obunxilisayo hypoglycemic, kodwa kuphela xa unyango olwaneleyo ngexesha kuthwalelwa phandle.

Ukuba sithetha malunga kwikhoma unesathuthwane, akukho mfuneko khona unyango. Le ndoda ephaphama ngokwabo emva zinto yayintsholongwane eyosulela liyayeka ukuba nempembelelo kuye.

Khumbula ukuba ngisho isiqaqa iintsuku ezimbalwa musa ukudlula ngaphandle, azafunyanelwa ndawo kwaye ngokungalunganga kuchaphazela imeko emzimbeni nasengqondweni.