Abemi Vologda: isishwankathelo

Vologda sesinye sezixeko ezimbalwa emntla, ogama imbali ubuyela ukususela ekuqaleni pre-Mongol Ixesha Kievan Rus. Kukholelwa ukuba yokuqala ekwahlala kwisiza yasekwa phakathi kwinkulungwane XII. It linxulunyaniswa ukumiselwa eMonastri egameni Emnye oyiNgcwele. Le nguqulelo luqinisekiswa ngabembi, apho kwafunyanwa ezenziwe ngesandla. Yokuqala kubo ngokwenene bangamalungu kwinkulungwane XII. Sisihlandlo sokuqala ethembekileyo ebhaliweyo Vologda bobabo phakathi XIII kwinkulungwane (uxwebhu 1264). Ngeli xesha, amatyotyombe Kukho into kanye uphuhliso olunzulu, kunye yabantu Vologda likhula ngokukhawuleza. Yena kuyaqala ukutsala ingqalelo abamelwane kunye nabahlali bobulali ngamaxesha phantsi kwempembelelo Novgorod, ngoko eMoscow.

Kwimida zobukumkani eMoscow

Ngenkulungwane XV, Vologda kwaphela ngaphakathi kwimida impahla indawo eMoscow kaThixo. Ngoko ke nempi enkulu kuba isixeko ngenxa kwindawo yayo kakuhle kakhulu eengingqi. Into yokuba i post staging efanelekileyo phezu iindlela zorhwebo ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi. bezisa Abarhwebi apha ityuwa, oboya, amafutha, intlanzi, hemp. Inani labemi wesixeko Vologda eganiweyo obuciko, ukunxiba kwisiphaluka nolusu kwindawo yokuqala. Kwaye njalo wayengapha abarhwebi imveliso eyiyo. Ithuba nempumelelo enkulu Vologda yaba ngenkulungwane XVI, ngexesha apho mzi waba northern imigodi kunye nokusasazwa ityuwa indawo enkulu.

Ukuba ityuwa yaba ngomba engundoqo kumazwe angaphandle kunye nengeniso yabantu balapha. Emva koko, ngenani yabemi balo mzi waba ngomnye kunawo kuzwelonke. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba kule xesha vologodtsy yaye phantse yaba abahlali eyinkunzi. Ukususela ngowe-1567 Ivan Grozny iminyaka eliqela ngokundwendwela rhoqo umzi. Kuye ucingela ukuba eMoscow kweli thuba wabonakala ukumkani xi nenkcaso kunengozi, ngenxa yokuba izinduna, wayenolwalamano entsonkothileyo kakhulu, kwaye Vologda babembona, njengoko ikomkhulu elitsha ubukumkani. Noko ke, impumelelo oprichnina, ekubonakala anqunyulwe intsingiselo transfer ukuya kwelingasentla apho komkhulu.

Vologodtsy e Romanov embusweni

Ngowe- 1612 le dolophu avutha ngenxa kugqogqa zezibonda. Noko ke, loo nto ngokukhawuleza babuyiselwa imilinganiso yalo yangaphambili ngenkulungwane ye, wabuyela ukubaluleka kwayo bangaphambili. Ngoko ke, ngo 1681 yabemi Vologda abantu bungaphezu kweekhilogram ezingamawaka amane. Uninzi (80%) yabantu bengingqi kweli thuba bale dolophu. Kancinci umaleko kangako ebalulekileyo abefundisi kunye servicemen: ngokulandelelana-14% ne-5%. Kakade ke, basebukhosini zasekuhlaleni (1%). Bubutyebi waqhubeka kwaze ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XVIII. Noko ke, kule xesha, idolophu ngcembe iqala ukuphulukana ukubaluleka kwayo zorhwebo kunye qhinga. Oku kwakubangelwa kwi siseko ikomkhulu elitsha Peter I phezu Neva. Abemi Vologda ekugqibeleni iba nzulu. Ukuba ngo-1713 kwakukho abemi ngaphezu alishumi lamawaka, ngowe-1782 baba ngamawaka asixhenxe. Lo mkhuba kwaqhubeka kulo lonke kwinkulungwane elandelayo. Ukuvuselelwa akwazi ukuba ngisho ubambe kaloliwe kunye umyalezo Arkhangelsk - Moscow.

Abahlali Vologda kwixesha eSoviet

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX abemi abaninzi beso sixeko ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Ngexesha revolution, nokuba ngeendleko iimbacu. Ngokutsho kubalo karhulumente, ngowe-1926, esi sixeko labemi-26 amawaka. Man, 95% yabo Russian. Kule banesifo, isixeko onamava kwemizi-mveliso, nto leyo waphila kakhulu naye. A boom entsha kubomi isixeko abanamava-60, xa zasekwa izakhiwo mveliso ezitsha khona: Iinkuku, opto-mechanical kunye umatshini-ethwala izityalo. Kwaye kakade ngowe-1989, abemi Vologda zafikelela ka-280 lamawaka. Man.

abemi mihla

Engamashumi amabini yokugqibela bayahlelwa isixeko yayifana imeko abanye Russian lephondo: enzima nineties, ukuyeka amashishini amaninzi. Yaye ngokuthe ngcembe ukuqhelana kurhwebo kwezoqoqosho kule minyaka 2000. Kwaye nalo ke imvuselelo wobomi ekuhlaleni. Ngokutsho Iingxelo zakutshanje, kwiminyaka yakutshanje abemi abaninzi beso sixeko nokuba namava ukukhula ethile. Ngenxa yoko, yabemi Vologda ngo-2013 306 amawaka abantu, inkoliso yabo esahleliyo Russian (97%), Ngokwezibalo. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, phakathi kwabantu namhlanje kulo mzi, 44% yabantu.