Ziziphi iifossil fuel?

Kwimisebenzi yezoqoqosho abantu basebenzisa izinto ezihlukeneyo, phakathi kweyiphi yokuqala ebaluleke kakhulu kwiiminerali ezinokutsha. Kuwo nawaphina urhulumente, oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwisicwangciso esiluhlaza esiye sakhishwa kwaye sisetyenziswe uluntu ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Ziziphi iiminerali ezinokutsha? Ezi zibandakanya amalahle, igesi, ioli, i-peat ne- oil shale.

Amalahle

Amalahle ahlala kwixesha elidlulileyo leminyaka. Kwinqanaba le- geochronological, elinye lamaxesha abizwa ngokuba ngamalahle. Kukholelwa ukuba ngelo xesha iplanethi yayigqitywa ngamahlathi aseTropiki, ayenama-horsetails amakhulu kunye neefern. Ngenxa yoko, bakha amafutha aselahle.

Ngelo xesha, imozulu yayishushu kwaye ifudumele. Imithi ewayo yafakwa endaweni entsha. Iindawo eziphakamileyo zamatye eziqokelelwe. Kwiindawo zokuhlala zamanzi ezingenamanzi kunye namanqampu, ziye zajika zaba ngamafutha aselahle. Kukholelwa ukuba le ndlela yenziwa ubuncinane ngama-30% elahlekileyo emhlabeni. Iingxowa zamalahle ayiqhelekanga. Abafumaneki kuphela kumazwekazi, kodwa nakwezinye iinqithi. I-Antarctica ayinjalo. Kukholelwa ukuba izimbiwa ezinokutsha ziphantsi kweekhilomitha imibhede yeqhwa.

Ilitye yayisayazi oothixo bakude basemahla. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo - izimo zabo zokubumba zahluka. Ubunono obuninzi babo buyinto engabonakaliyo, kwaye i-cooking kunye namalahle omdaka iyahamba. Ezi zilandelayo zincinci kubalulekileyo kwisicwangciso samandla. Amafutha asefosil asetyenziselwa ukutshiza i-pig iron.

Iifutha ze-Hydrocarbon

Ezi ziquka u-oyile kunye negesi, ezakhiwe kwimimandla yendalo yangaphakathi. Baqokelela umcimbi wezinto eziphilayo, iindawo eziphilayo zokuhlala. Ngezigidi zeminyaka, phantse ngaphandle kokufikelela emoyeni, ziye zaba yinto ebalulekileyo yendalo, ebizwa ngokuba "igolide elimnyama", kunye negesi yendalo. Iifosti zamaminerali ezinokutsha ezinokwenziwa kwe-hydrocarbon zizo zonke amazwekazi. I-oyile ine-chemical compound composition. Imveliso yayo ihambelana nokukhululwa kwegesi yendalo, leyo, ngokomthetho, iphezulu ngaphezu kokuphakanyiswa kweoli. I-oyile isetyenziswa kwinani elikhulu lamashishini. Ukongeza kwisiseko sokuveliswa kwepetroli, yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ebomvu kwishishini likhemikhali.

Amazwe amaninzi ehlabathi aphethe "igolide elimnyama". Nangona kunjalo, iindawo ezininzi ezikhuselekileyo zingamazwe alandelayo: i-Saudi Arabia, i-Kuwait, iRashiya, iMexico, iCanada, i-Indonesia ne-United States. Isizwe esiphelileyo sinezityebi kakhulu sihlolisise idipozithi, kodwa asizixhaphazi ngokupheleleyo ukuze sikwazi ukugcina ioli ngekamva. Ukutsalwa kwe "golide emnyama" akukwenzeki kuphela kwintsimi yelizwe, kodwa nakwii-shelves zamaninzi amaninzi ngoncedo lokubamba iiplatifti ezijikelezayo. ERashiya, enye yezona zinto zicebile kakhulu yiSamotlor. Itholakala eNtshona Siberia. Kwiindawo zeTyumen ziindawo ezintathu ezinkulu zegesi : Urengoy, Bovanenkovo, Yamburg.