Zeziphi iinkqubo star zikhona?

Stars zonke iintlobo iimfuno, zonke iintlobo iinkwenkwezi zibalulekile ... Kodwa ngaba zonke iinkwenkwezi zezulu ayafana? Isimanga, akukho. Iinkqubo Star babe isakhiwo ezahlukeneyo kucalulo ezahlukeneyo amabakala alo. Kwaye nkqu ndabanekelwa kwezinye inkqubo ingadala ibe ngaphezu kwesinye. Ibe phezu kwesi siseko kwindawo yokuqala kunye izazinzulu abalaseleyo kumnyele kweenkqubo ogcwele.

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka ngqo ulwahlulohlulo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukucacisa oko ngokubanzi kuya kuxoxwa. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo inkwenkwezi - a iiyunithi galactic eyakhiwa iinkwenkwezi olujikelezayo kwindlela esekwe waxhuma ngumxhuzulane. Ukongeza, kukho inkqubo langa, owakhiwa, kube ngokulandelelana, izijikelezi-langa. Umzekelo, umzekelo izicacele inkqubo star - Solar, eziqhelekileyo kuthi.

Noko ke, sonke kumnyele izele iinkqubo ezinjalo. Iinkqubo Star kwahluka kakhulu ubuninzi. Kucacile ukuba lo ubungakanani ulinganiselwe kakhulu, kuba awukwazi ayisekho inkqubo ixesha elide kunye iinkwenkwezi ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu enexabiso elilinganayo. Uzinzo unako kwaqinisekiswa kuphela elinegunya. Ezinjalo ukuba icandelo wesithathu akayi "ngaphandle kwesango", akasayi kuza inkwenkwezi yena inkqubo ezinzileyo ezimbini kufutshane kwe 8-10 radii kufuphi. Akukho mfuneko yokuba ibe single - oku kusenokuba kuhle inkwenkwezi kabini. Lilonke, 100 iinkwenkwezi ngeenxa amathathu - olunye, amane anesixhenxe - kabini, amashumi amabini anesithathu - kahlanu.

iinkwenkwezi ezininzi

Ngokungafaniyo kwamaqoqo, iinkwenkwezi iziphindwa ze amaqhina oqhagamshelwano ukulungisa ezifanayo omxhuzulane, ngexesha elifanayo umgama omfutshane enye kwenye. ukuba ezihamba kunye, kokutshintsha ngeenxa embindini womxhuzulane inkqubo yabo - ebizwa ngokuba yi-barycenter.

Umzekelo oyinhloko yeMitsare, makwazeke kuthi i-Big Dipper. Iyafuna ukunikela ingqalelo "isiphathi" wayo - inkwenkwezi yawo avareji. Apha uya kuqaphela amadangatye nasekuzeni isibini yakhe. YeMitsare-Alcor - star yokubini, kuyenzeka ukubona ngaphandle izixhobo ezikhethekileyo. Ukuba usebenzisa i iteleskopu, kuye kucace ukuba Mitsar- kabini, ebandakanya amacandelo A no-B

iinkwenkwezi binary

iinkqubo Star apho izibane ezimbini kutyhilwa, ebizwa kabini. Loo nkqubo bekuya kuba zizinze ukuba akukho iziphumo kolwandle, ukutshintshwa ubunzima inkwenkwezi kunye ukuphazamiseka kwezinye imikhosi. Ehamba ukukhanya kunye nokujikeleza okweqanda phantse ngonaphakade olujikelezayo ngeenxa iziko kwayo ubunzima le nkqubo.

iinkwenkwezi Visual double

Abo iinkwenkwezi abangamawele ukuze sibonwe kunye iteleskopu, okanye kungekho zixhobo ekuthiwa okubini ezibonwayo. Alpha Centauri, umzekelo, i nkqubo. nesibhakabhaka esimnyama ngokobutyebi imizekelo ezinjalo. Le nkwenkwezi wesithathu kule nkqubo - ukuba ekufutshane bonke bethu - Proxima Centauri. Amaninzi, iperi enjalo elingelolabo ziyahluka ngombala. Ngoko ke, Antares abe inkwenkwezi ebomvu and green Albireo - blue-orenji, Beta Cygni - mthubi noluhlaza. Zonke ezi zinto kulula ukuba uqwalesele kweteleskopu refracting evumela iingcali ukubala ngokuzithemba uququzelelo yazo iinkwenkwezi, isantya indlela yabo.

okubini Spectroscopic

Ngokufuthi kuvela ukuba enye inkwenkwezi yinkqubo inkwenkwezi usondele kakhulu ukuya kwelinye. Kangangokuba nkqu teleskopu kakhulu onamandla akanako ukubamba mbini zabo. Kulo mzekelo, uncedo uza spectrometer. Xa edlula ukukhanya ifowuni ibolile ibe spectrum emida ngemigca emnyama. Ezi bands ke kwatshintsha ngokuthi kuyiwe okanye ukususa isikhanyiso kwi-mkhanyo. Xa ukwandiswa lwaseNtshona Koloni ziba inkwenkwezi yokubini sibe imigca emibini, yenze isindululo omabini amacandelo ngeenxa omnye komnye. Ngoko ke, yeMitsare A no B, Alcor - spectroscopic binary. Ngelo xesha linye nawo yayanyaniswe nenkqubo enkulu seenkwenkwezi ezilishumi ezintandathu. amacandelo nje abangaboni kabini kukaCastor - inkwenkwezi kwi lekroza Gemini - yinto binary spectroscopic.

okubini aluve

Kukho kwi kumnyele kunye nezinye iinkqubo star. Umzekelo, loo amacandelo ezo lwafudukela ukuba moya wezijikelezi zabo kufutshane kumgca-mkhanyo ngayo ebusweni emhlabeni. Oku kuthetha ukuba asithe omnye, ukudala umnyama efanayo. Ngethuba ngalinye kubo siyakwazi ukubona omnye kuphela ezo zidumbu, ngokwenjenjalo kuncitshiswe brilliance yabo yonke. Kwimeko apho omnye iinkwenkwezi likhulu kakhulu lo unciphiso ephawulekayo.

Enye okubini ngonyuka idumileyo - Algol kwi lekroza Perseus. Kwizithuba ngqo iiyure 69, nokubengezela kwawo kusithwa ixabiso wesithathu, kodwa emva kweeyure 7 kwandisa kwakhona owesibini. Le nkwenkwezi udla ngokubizwa ngokuba "oyivalela umtyholi." Izazi yena wayeselapho-1782, i-eliNgesi John Goodricke.

Kuqheleke emhlabeni inkwenkwezi yethu yokubini ikhangeleka ngathi variable, apho emva kwexesha lekhefu elithile etshintsha ukugqama, nto leyo ngexesha elinye kunye nexesha iinkwenkwezi ngeenxa omnye komnye. iinkwenkwezi enjalo ibizwa nangoku ephawulekayo yomahluko. Ngaphandle kwezi, kukho izinto ezibonakalayo zehlabathi - tsifeidy, uqaqambe lilawulwa ziinkqubo zangaphakathi.

Kwemvelo of iinkwenkwezi yokubini

Kakhulu, omnye kweenkwenkwezi inkqubo okubini inkulu, edlula ngokukhawuleza umjikelo kwakhe ubomi olinikiweyo. Ngoxa inkwenkwezi yesibini eziqhelekileyo, "isiqingatha" yayo iba isigebenga ebomvu, ngoko , nenomlanga emhlophe. Eyona nto inomdla kakhulu kule nkqubo iqala xa inkwenkwezi ezincinanana ebomvu iba yesibini. White kule meko utsala efunde iigesi ukwandisa "mzalwana." iminyaka Malunga 100 amawaka Kwanele ukuba iqondo lobushushu kunye noxinzelelo ufikelele kwinqanaba elifunekayo ukuze fusion zenyukliya. edubulayo Gas iqokobhe kwakhanya ngamandla, yinto eningenakukholwa yiyo, ebangela ukunyuka iqaqambile ezincinanana phantse amaxesha aliwaka. Abakhi mkhanya on Earth bayibiza ukuzalwa inkwenkwezi entsha.

Izazi awayiboni kwenzeka yaye kwimeko enjalo apho omnye iinxalenye yeyona nkwenkwezi eziqhelekileyo, kwaye eyesibini - uqhwithela kakhulu, kodwa ezingabonakaliyo, kunye umthombo engeyiyi obukhulu radiation X-ray. Oku kubonisa ukuba icandelo lesibini emngxunyeni omnyama - iintsalela lokubonakala kwenkwenkwezi kanye omkhulu. Apha, ngokutsho iingcali, oku kulandelayo kufuna indawo: usebenzisa womxhuzulane enamandla, emngxunyeni omnyama itsala iinkwenkwezi iigesi. Ekubeni rhuthu kwi uwele ngesantya esiphezulu, ke ebushushwini babo, ukhupha phambi shwaka kwi amandla umngxuma uhlobo lwe-X-reyi.

Izazinzulu ziye zagqiba ukuba abanamandla mthombo X-ray ingqina ubukho imingxuma emnyama.

inkqubo star Triple

inkqubo star Solar, njengoko sibonile, hayi isakhelo ukhetho kuphela. Ukongeza neenkwenkwezi abangatshatanga kunye ephindiweyo kwisistim esweni ngakumbi kubo. Le Dynamics kwiinkqubo ezifana kakhulu anzima ngakumbi kabini. Noko ke, maxa wambi kukho iinkqubo star omncinci zokukhanya (e Noko ke, nabasengaphezu kwemfuneko nangoku, iiyunithi ezimbini), ephethe kwezinto ngendlela elula. Biza inkqubo ezininzi kangaka. Ukuba iinkwenkwezi kule nkqubo, abathathu, ukuba unalo igama ezintathu.

Avamise kakhulu luhlobo iinkqubo ezininzi - ezintathu. Ngoko ke, emva ngo-1999 kule khathalogu iinkwenkwezi ezininzi iinkqubo ezininzi 728, ngaphezulu kwama-550 abantu ezintathu. Ukungqinelana nomgaqo kuluhlu ubume yezi nkqubo kukuba iinkwenkwezi ezimbini ngokusondeleyo wesikolo bebekwe ngokwahlukeneyo omnye, omnye ukude kakhulu.

Xa imodeli theory iinkqubo inkwenkwezi ezininzi intsonkothe ngaphezulu kunayo kabini, ekubeni nkqubo onjalo ukubonisa ukuziphatha bahlupheke. Uninzi lwezi izihloko, enyanisweni, iyahlozinga kakhulu, nto leyo ejection kwelinye iinkwenkwezi. Kuphephe esinjalo kunokwenzeka kuphela ezo nkqubo, apho zicwangciswe iinkwenkwezi ngendlela oluneqela elinegunya. Kwiimeko ezinjalo amacandelo bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amabini kokutshintsha kumbindi ubunzima orbit enkulu. Phakathi amaqela kwakunye ukuba ukwehla ecacileyo.

multiplicities Higher

Academic eyaziwa iinkqubo inkwenkwezi kunye namacandelo amaninzi. Ngoko ke, iScorpio ubunjwe iinkwenkwezi ngaphezu ezisixhenxe.

Ngoko, kwenzeka ukuba inkqubo nkwenkwezi iplanethi kaThixo nje kuphela, kodwa iinkqubo ngokwabo kwi kumnyele azifani. Ngamnye kubo wahlukile, ezahlukeneyo umdla kakhulu. Oosonzululwazi bafumanisa ngakumbi nangakumbi inani leenkwenkwezi, yaye mhlawumbi kungekudala siza siyazi ubukho eziphilayo, hayi kuphela kwiplanethi yethu.