Yiyiphi iplanethi eyona inkulu kunesistim somhlaba? Iiplanethi ezinkulu kwiinkqubo zelanga

Abo bahambayo, kwaziwa ukuba ukuba uyazinikela kulo msebenzi kunye nobomi bakho bonke, kuya kusekho i-scrap, isayithi okanye nendawo enkulu yomhlaba engashiywanga. Kubonakala ngathi iplanethi yethu izele ngokukhululeka okukhulu. Umsebenzi wokweqa kunye nokucinga ukuba yonke into ivakalelwa kukuba akunakwenzeka. Okwangoku, uMhlaba uluhlobo lwezinto ze-cosmic, ezingathiwa "iiplanethi ezincinci zesistim." Izazinzululwazi, zikhethwe njengeeplanethi zeqela elisehlabathini, kunokuba zithobekile ngamanqanaba ehlabathi jikelele. Umhlaba wethu uya kubonakala ungapheliyo xa ubungakanani bawo beza kwiimimandla zegesi ezinkulu, esiza kuxoxa ngazo ngezantsi.

Ukwahlula

Okokuqala, makhe siqwalasele umgaqo ophantsi kohlobo lwesayensi yeenkwenkwezi ezizahlula umhlaba. Inkqubo yelanga isetyenziswe ibhanti ephezulu ye- asteroid kwiindawo ezimbini. Iyokuqala ibandakanya iMercury, Venus, uMhlaba kunye neMarsi. Okwesibini - iJupiter, iSaturn, i-Uranus ne-Neptune, emva kwayo iplanti yePluto kunye ne-Kuiper. Eyokuqala ezine - le yiplanethi yeqela lasemhlabeni. Ukongeza kwendawo yabo, babumbene nesakhiwo: ziqulethwe ziinkomfa zetsimbi kunye ne-silicon, zinezona zinto eziphambili, ingubo kunye nengxolo. Umhlaba yiyona iplanethi enkulu kunazo zonke kwisebe lelanga.

I ezine emva kwe-Asteroid Belt zibizwa ngokuba yi-giant giants. Njengoko kucacile kwisihloko, zinkulu, zinkulu kuneeplanethi zomhlaba. Nangona kunjalo, umehluko obaluleke kakhulu kubunjalo bezinto eziza kubumba izinto ezifana ne-cosmic. Ingumxube wegesi: i-hydrogen, i-helium, i-ammonia, i-methane. Isakhiwo esinjalo senza ukuba iziqhwala zifani ngokupheleleyo nehlabathi kunye namaplanethi afanayo.

I sithoba

Ngokuphathelele i-Pluto, ngowama-2006 "yayihlaziyekile" kwiiplanethi ezinzulu kwaye zithathwa kwizinto ze-Kuiper Belt, isakhiwo esivela kude kwiMhlaba, kodwa, nangona kunjalo, asiyikuphelisa isistim somhlaba. I-Pluto, ngokweengcali zenzululwazi, ayihambelani nenye yeengongoma zeenkcazo ezamkelekileyo zeplanethi: ayinayo ngokwaneleyo ubunzima bokucima ukuhamba kwayo kwezinye izidumbu. Kubonakala ukuba, ngexesha elifanayo ekubunjweni likufutshane namalungu ebhande laseKuiper, iiblokhi zeqhwa ezenziwe yimethane eqhotyoshelweyo kunye ne-nitrogen.

Ngoku kwinkqubo yethu kukho iiplanethi ezisibhozo kunye neeplanethi ezimbalwa ezinokuthi zingaphinde zikhule "kubazalwana".

Yiyiphi iplanethi eyona inkulu kunesistim somhlaba?

Kuyacaca ukuba, umzimba onqabileyo kakhulu we- cosmic kufuneka ufunyanwe phakathi kwamaqhekeza egesi. Nangona kunjalo, impendulo kumbuzo othi "yiyiphi iplanethi yona mkhulu kunesistim somhlaba" iyaziwa kubo bonke abantwana besikolo namhlanje. Le yiJupiter - enkulu enkulu enkulu emva kwebhanti enkulu ye-asteroids, mhlawumbi idlala indima ekubonakaleni kobomi emhlabeni, lonke ixesha lokuba khona, ukukhusela kwimimeteorites.

Ukunyaniseka

Kwakhona, kunzima kakhulu ukuqonda ukuba iJupiter enkulu kangakanani, ukuba uzama ukucinga into enamaxesha angama-1300 amakhulu kunomhlaba. Ukunceda ukuza kuthelekisa: I-Jupiter - iplanethi yesimiso selanga, idlula indlu yethu ngobukhulu, njengebhola yebhola yebhola . Isiqhwithi, sidlala emoyeni se-giant, sikhulu kakhulu kangangokuthi sinokukufihla yonke iplanethi yomhlaba, ngaphandle kweMercury, ithathwe ndawonye.

Akuchaphazeli nje ubungakanani kuphela, kodwa kwakhona isantya sokujikeleza kweJupiter. Yenza uhlaziyo olujikelezayo kwi-axis kwiiyure ezili-10 kuphela, ehamba ngesivinini se-45300 km / h. Kule meko, i-orbit giant idlula iminyaka eyi-12. Kwaye oku kukhawuleza ngoku, ucinga ukuba kude kangakanani neLanga kuba (amahlanu amaxesha angaphezulu kweMhlaba).

Indawo ephepheni

Abantwana abaninzi besikolo, befunda yintoni iplanethi kwindlela yokukhanya kwelanga ewona mkhulu, bazibuza ukuba kuya kuhamba ixesha elingakanani ukuhamba nayo, ukuhamba. Kwaye la maphupha aqhubeka ade afumanisa ukuba akukho namnye onokuya ephasini lomhlaba. I-Jupiter ijikelezwe ngumoya we-hydrogen kunye ne-helium kwisilinganiso se-9: 1. Ihamba ngokukhawuleza ibe yi-hydrogen ekhoyo. Umda phakathi kwemoya kunye nomhlaba awukho, awukhethiwe ngokwemimiselo ngokwezinga leengcinezelo.

Amafu kunye nama-sunspots

Ukuba ukhangele iifoto zeJupiter, kulula ukubona ukuba iplanethi inomfanekiso "obonakalayo." Umzekelo obonakalayo wemigca yamacandelo aphezulu e-atmosphem aqukethe amafu azinzile: indawo yokukhanya ehamba kunye neebhande ezinobomvu obomvu. Phakathi kwabo badibene nemigudu enamandla yomoya, okanye kwiijetshi zenzululwazi. Enyanisweni, le mi moya yamandla amakhulu. Isikhokelo sabo sihambelana nokuhamba kwiplanethi, okanye iyahambelana nayo. Amafu, ukukhanya kunye nomnyama, kunye neejethi zikhethwe ngokwemimiselo njengezinto zeendawo zokuhlala kwindawo eqhelekileyo yegesi enkulu.

Into ephambili

Umphezulu we-Jupiter ubonakaliswe ngenye into. Yindawo enkulu ebomvu. Inokuthiwa ngumqondiso okhethekileyo weplanethi. Iifom efanayo, ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuqhubekayo, azikho kwezinye izinto ze-cosmic zesistim. Iingcali zenzululwazi zibonisa ukuba i-Great Red Spot iyisiphepho esikhulu kwisimo sezulu. Ihamba ngokujikeleza iplanethi, iguqula ubude bayo, kodwa iyanamathela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-latitude efanayo, ubuncinane kwiminyaka engama-350 edluleyo. Le ndawo ibonakaliswe ngenguqu ngobukhulu: yonyuka iya kwiindawo ezinkulu, ize iyancishiswa ngesiqingatha.

Izifundo zeemoto zendawo ziqinisekisile iingcamango zezinkanyezi: Indawo enkulu ebomvu ibonisa i-antiticyclone enkulu, ijikeleza ngokukhawuleza kweeyure kwinqanaba le-revolution kwiintsuku ezintandathu.

Giant

KwiJupiter kukho iinkqubo ezininzi ezinomdla, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhankanya 'ngabazalwana bakhe.' Iplanethi yesibini ngobukhulu nguSaturn. Akunakwenzeka ukuba kuya kuba nomntu ongenakukwazi ukumchazela ngomfanekiso wazo zonke izinto zesistim. Isalathiso sawo sahlukileyo. Ngendlela, iifom efanayo, kunye nama-satellites, zizo zonke iigesi zegesi. Amashishini kaSaturn ayaziwa kakhulu ngenxa yokunyaniseka kwabo. Ziqukethe iinqununu zeqhwa kunye nokuhlanganiswa okuncinci kwezixhobo ezinzima kunye nothuli.

Ukwakhiwa kukaSaturn kufana neJovian: i-hydrogen, i-helium, imethane, i-ammonia, ukungcola okungafaniyo. Ekubeni kwiplanethi ibonakala kwi-outer space, akukho zakhiwo ezizinzile ezenziwe ngaphandle kweJupiter. Kukho ukugquma okunamandla ngakumbi apha.

Ziqhwala

Emva kweSaturn ngu-Uranus, emva kweNeptune. Iingcali zeenkwenkwezi zidibanisa kwiqela elincinane lamanqanaqhaqhaqha, kuba ubunzulu bawo abukho i-hydrogen yensimbi, uphawu lweJupiter kunye neSaturn, kodwa kuninzi iqhwa kwiinguqulelo eziphezulu. Mhlawumbi uphawu oluqhelekileyo lwe-Uranus luyindlela yokutyekela i-axis yayo. Iplanethi njengoko ilele kwicala layo kwaye ngoko ilanga likhanyisa ngokukodwa indawo ye-equatorial, kodwa enye iyakwiNyakatho, ngoko uMzantsi wePole.

E-Neptune, umoya onamandla kunamandla. Umgangatho wayo ubonakaliswe ngokubunjwa, okufana nendawo enkulu ebomvu. Kwabizwa ngokuba yi "Big Dark Spot".

Ngoko, impendulo yombuzo othi "iplanethi kwindlela yokukhanya kwelanga iyona nto inkulu" izandi ezilula: yiJupiter. Ukufihla emva kweli gama elifutshane kukuxininisa okukhulu, umoya oqinileyo, indawo enkulu ebomvu. Ilandelwa nguSaturn, u-Uranus kunye neNiftune, ngamnye ngendlela yakhe eyingqayizivele, i-astronomy yanamhlanje iyayazi into enomdla. Inkqubo yelanga kunye nabo bonke izinto kunye nezakhiwo, nokuba kuthelekiswa neJupiter enkulu, inkulu. Kwaye le nkambiso yendalo iphela ngeendlela ezininzi ihlala iyimfihlelo kuthi. Unolwazi oluninzi, olubandakanya ngeendlovu zegesi, ngoku luhlala lungekho nkcazo, ezinye iingcamango zidinga ukuphuhliswa okuqhubekayo. Singaqiniseka ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba sinezinto ezininzi ezithe zafunyanwa, zidibene zombini kunye neeplanethi ezinkulu zeenkqubo, kwaye zinokuthobeka ngokukhulu.