Yintoni ufonele intsila lobhedu zinc?

Inxalenye enkulu intsimbi eziveliswa esetyenziswa koshishino ngohlobo aluminium. Bafunda ukwenza BC ngakumbi. Yintoni i ingxubevange? Yintoni igama ingxubevange, olusekelwe phezu yobhedu zinc? yayisebenzisa Uphi na? Iimpendulo zale mibuzo - kweli nqaku.

Yintoni i ingxubevange?

I-aluminiyamu yinto kumxube zesinyithi eziliqela kunye nezinye izinto. Zingaqulatha ubumdaka engalindelekanga amacandelo zendalo. Omnye aluminiyamu yokuqala eyaziwayo kwaba yobhedu. Bemisebenzi kubantu bakhe wadala ngaphezulu kule BC IV kwiwaka.

Aluminiyamu kwenziwa ukuphucula umgangatho metal. Umzekelo, ukuba izacholo zegolide ixesha elide, yokuba ixesha elide kakhulu yaye ithoni ethile, bafakela inani elincinane nickel, platinum, izinc okanye isiliva.

Ukuxuba components multiple uyakwazi ukutshintsha iimpawu intsimbi, ukunyusa lobushushu ukunyibilika kwaye ductility, ukunika amandla, nobulukhuni, ukwandisa ixesha elide. I-aluminiyamu kakhulu zixhaphakileyo sobhedu, nobhedu (i intsila sobhedu kunye zinc), ihagu intsimbi, intsimbi, babbitt, phumelela, duralumin.

Zisetyenziswa e ngoomatshini zobunjineli, ukwakha, amashishini, moya, njl Umxube nickel, magnesium ayibe wenze oomazibuthe. Tin-phambili bebenza ukwenziwa izixhobo kunye zesinyithi esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ezivelisa izinto zekhaya ezifana neepani okanye ngeentsimbi.

Ingxubevange sobhedu xa idibene nezinki

Umxube sobhedu nezinki ebizwa yobhedu. Ngathi lubhedu, wabonakala ngaphambi kwexesha lethu. Ukususela ngoko olu suku luye itshintshe iindlela yokuvelisa eziliqela. Ngaphambili, ukwenza nobhedu, bobhedu ugalelwe wamalahle zinc ore. Ngenkulungwane XVIII, i eliNgesi Dzheyms Emerson wacebisa ukuba ukuxuba iintsimbi ngokwabo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-ore.

Isiseko bobhedu lubhedu. Umxholo zinc isusela ukususela-5 ukuya 45 ekhulwini. Ngenxa umbala tyheli, efana igolide, eRoma yamandulo ekuthiwa yobhedu orichalcum, igama elithetha "Zlatomed".

copper-zinc ingxubevange akusoloko ayiphelelanga kwezi iintsimbi. Isenokuba kancinane nebhekile, nelothe, intsimbi, manganese, nickel, kunye namanye amacandelo. Ukuba ufaka tin ngaphezu zinc uya kuba izinto ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo - tin ngobhedu.

Iimpawu ngobhedu

Kuxhomekeka isixa-zinc kunye nombala lubhedu umgangatho lohlukile. I ezincinane ke, izinto kwaye umbala obomvu kakhulu ngakumbi. Ukuba ingxubevange sobhedu nezinki iqulethe akukho kwezinye izinto, ibizwa ngokuba ubhedu elula, lwahlulwe ngeentlobo ezimbini: zobhedu obomvu (20% izinc) nobhedu esimthubi (20% zinc).

izinto Brass yi owayetyekele kakhulu kwaye eveza nokumelana ngaphezu zezobhedu. Iqondo lobushushu yokunyibilika yi 880 ^C. ukuya 950 ^C., kunye Amanani amakhulu zinc uhle. Metal ngokugqibeleleyo iSADC nokudibanisa iintsimbi, ukuziqengqa nokwakha.

Xa umoya ulophu, ngobhedu yellow genge. Lungisa kunokwenzeka ngokusebenzisa annealing kwi 250 ^C. Multicomponent ubhedu ngcono uyabachasa ngokudleka ixesha elide. Ukudibanisa ithini ikhuthaza ukuxhathisa olwandle.

Umxholo ubumdaka kwi ingxubevange ingafunyanwa kwileyibhile kwimveliso. oonobumba Capital ubonise igama icandelo. Ekuqaleni iya "L" iileta, ngoko ke abanye ezongezelelweyo (alloying) izinto ezifunekayo. Emva kwabo alfabhethi njengoko iipesenti iboniswe kwezinto, kunye amanani amabini ebonisa isixa ngobhedu ingxubevange. Ngenxa yoko, ukubabiza LAZH60-1-1 kuthetha ukuba nabakhalisi-60% sobhedu,-1% ye-aluminiyam ze-1% intsimbi, ezinye ebangela ukuba zinc.

kusetyenziswa phi ubhedu?

Brass ngaba inobunzima elungileyo ubushushu. Nje kwenzeka eRashiya yamandulo evela samovar yakhe. ERoma, xa Octavian Augustus imali yobhedu eSwitzerland kunye dupondius sestertii. KumaXesha Aphakathi ukuba isetyenziswe ukuba ukwenziwa izacholo, abekiweyo ngekompas, ubugcisa design.

Kwaye ngoku zokufunda kusetyenziswa yonke indawo. Brass wenza izacholo kunye nempahla nekhaya elihle. A ubuchule elikhethekileyo zokuguga ngumntu kunika imveliso ikhubalo ekhethekile ngobhedu. Ukususela imifanekiso waphosa yakhe, izibambo, isipili izakhelo.

Iipropati High uzobe olwenziwe ngobhedu ukuvumela ukusetyenziswa izinto ekuveliseni ezincinane amalungu zokwakha, iityhubhu, iipleyiti, iziqwengana kunye iingcingo. aluminiyamu Lead zisetyenziselwa iimoto kunye neeyure, tombac ezisetyenziselwa wazaleka zentsimbi kunye lemveliso nemibhobho radiator. Ngenxa ekwakhiweni kunye isiqulatho zealuminum 0.5% wavelisa enjalo, njengoko sele nombala segolide.