Yintoni ombane

Nengqiqo "ombane" sonke kufuneka ukuba nazo phantse yonke imihla, kuba kummandla ukusetyenziswa ayiphelelanga kuphela zombane. Le imibane ngexesha imvula, iintlantsi kwi ikama zeplastiki kunye neempahla Imisonto zokwenziwa njalo njalo.

ulwimi Dry Academic inika nkcazelo ilandelayo isenzeko: ombane - yinto ubuninzi emzimbeni okubonisa mali yenziwe intlawulo kwi-1 C (coulomb) ukusebenza. Pendant, ke, ibonisa ubungakanani isigxina ufakele izinto conductive 1 yesibini kunye a zangoku 1 A.

Kwakhona kuvumelekile kwenye nkcazelo, njengoko apho ombane lulwahlulo umsebenzi owenziwa entsimini zombane phezu intshukumo lovavanyo (i-probe) isigxina phakathi kweendawo ezimbini, ukuba ixabiso lenani le ntlawulo. Kule meko Kuthathwa ukuba ukudluliselwa yalwaphulo kuchaphazela umahluko amandla (ombane ayitshintshi), kunye umendo intshukumo nazo zingananzwa. Xa ifomula le nkcazelo ibhalwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

U = A / q,

apho U - ombane, A - umsebenzi, q - kwentlawulo.

Ukukhumbula ukuba ombane elilinganisiweyo, akukho mfuneko ekufundeni, ngokuba tip lisoloko likho, ekubeni bonke oovimba ngoku ibonisa ixabiso ombane kunye ledayimenshini yayo; kwanele ukujonga na ibhetri. Unit - V (B, V).

Amagama "ombane" kuba iziphaluka DC kunye AC ezahlukileyo. Xa alternating current, iphawulwa sinusoid sicatshulwa ngamaxesha kwindawo zero, isetyenziselwa ekubaleni ayikho lophanyazo, kunye nexabiso RMS. Oku Bulelani kunokwenzeka ukuba umsebenzi wakhe umthwalo esebenzayo yomgama lungqamana ngamanani ukuya ombane DC.

Abo ithuba lokujongana Motors ontlantlu-ntathu, warhola ngokuqinisekileyo ingqalelo ungeniso ungaqhelekanga iimpawu yokundwendwela. Apho, ngokusebenzisa icala ibonisa yombane ezimbini ezifana 220/380 V. Akukho inkinga apho, eneneni, izixhobo unako ukusebenza kwi amaxabiso yokusebenza ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Ingaba network 380 ingathatha phi 220? Kubonakala, le ombane isenokuba phase okanye yomgama, kuxhomekeke indlela womlinganiselo. Isigaba bubonwa ngokulinganisa umahluko phakathi kwesigaba ngasinye yaye umqhubi cala, kunye nemicwe - phakathi izinikezeli isigaba. Ngokuqhagamshela wesiphaluka umthwalo kwi unxantathu, umntu afumane yomgama kwaye ilingana yombane yesigaba, kunye neesekethe "inkwenkwezi" yesigaba amaxesha 1.73 yomgama ngaphantsi.

voltmeter - isixhobo eyodwa esetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ombane. osemqoka yayo - yimfuneko ukudibanisa tokosnimayuschih ixhokonxa ngaphesheya umthwalo. High ukumelana yangaphakathi ke awuzi uhlaba zokushenxisela. Yiloo nto, ngokomzekelo, ezisetyenziswa ekhaya inokuba uqhagamshelwano ngqo zifunyanwayo (ngokungafani ammeter luquka wesiphaluka).

Kodwa ke zifundiswa kumgangatho ifomula yaye sihlolisise, yintoni i "ombane yombane", ngolwimi olulula yabantu. Ngoko, umahluko kwentlawulo (enokubakho) phakathi kweendawo ezimbini engenasizathu ze ngumqhubi okanye endle yombane. Umthombo ebangela ukuhamba umbexeshi elektroni (i-generator, ibhetri) olwakha kwelinye icala kwintabalala yabo, kunye nezinye - negative. Ngako oko, ixabiso izityholo nako ezahlukeneyo. Lwanele ukudibanisa ezi ngongoma nayiphi eqhuba medium, kwenzeka kunye umbane - ukuhamba amasuntswana icala, idla Nokwethisa lo mahluko. Ngamanye amazwi, le yangoku ithatha athom indalo ngeminqweno ukuba urhulumente ozinzileyo, ukuphazamiseka amasimi kazibuthe le generator. Ukukhathala khona ngaphandle lwangoku ukuba uxhathiso phakathi amanqaku mkhulu. Oku kucacisa into yokuba neebhetri azikho eziqhelekileyo "okulwa yangoku."