Yintoni na umthamo we-alfabhethi? Indlela ukufumana amandla lwe-alfabhethi: ifomula

computer ubugcisa bale mihla, yokwazisa, amandla alfabhethi, inkqubo uniko manani, kunye nezinye iingqiqo ezininzi uxhulumaniso kakhulu ngqo phakathi kwabo. abantu abambalwa kakhulu namhlanje kakuhle kakuhle kule miba. Makhe uzame ukucacisa ukuba amandla ka-alfabhethi, ukubala zisebenza ku umkhuba ngayo. Kwixesha elizayo, le nto ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, kunokuba luncedo xa befundisa.

Njani ulwazi

Ngaphambi kokungena ukuhlola umbuzo wokuba yintoni na nobu lwe-alfabhethi, kunye ngokubanzi, oko kukuthi, kufuneka uqale, ngoko ukuthetha, ukususela ekuqaleni.

Ngokuqinisekileyo siyazi sonke ukuba namhlanje kukho inkqubo yokulinganisa ngokukhethekileyo naliphi na ixabiso, ngokusekelwe amaxabiso reference. Umzekelo, ukuba amaxabiso efanayo imigama kwaye kweemitha, kuba ubunzima kunye ubunzima - ubunzima, kuba ngokwamakhefu ixesha - imizuzwana, njl

Kodwa ukuba ukulinganisa indlela umthamo ulwazi ngengqiqo kwisicatshulwa? Kungenxa yoko le nto ingcamango ngamandla-alfabhethi iye yaziswa.

Yintoni na umthamo we-alfabhethi: umqondo

Ngoko ke, ukuba ulandela ulawulo jikelele ukuba ixabiso lokugqibela wobungakanani i parameter egqiba inani lamaxesha iyunithi reference zipakishwe ixabiso elilinganisiweyo, sinokugqiba ukuba amandla ka-alfabhethi linani elipheleleyo loonobumba asetyenziselwa ngolwimi oluthile.

Ukuyenza ibonakale ncono, makhe ushiye umbuzo yokufumana njani amandla lwe-alfabhethi bucala, yaye sinikela ingqalelo abalinganiswa ngokwabo, kakade, ngokwemiqathango information technology. Lwaba ethetha, uluhlu olupheleleyo iisimboli ezisetyenzisiweyo iqulethe oonobumba, amanani, izibiyeli ezahlukeneyo, abalinganiswa ezizodwa, iziphumlisi, njl Noko ke, xa sisondela umbuzo wokuba yintoni na amandla alfabhethi le ndlela-based ikhompyutha, kufuneka kufakwe apha nayo umsantsa (umsantsa phakathi elilodwa okanye ezinye iimpawu).

Thabatha umzekelo ulwimi Russian, okanye kunoko, sitshixo sebhodi. Ngenxa yoku kungasentla, uluhlu olupheleleyo iqulethe oonobumba 33, amanani-10 kunye nabalinganiswa ezikhethekileyo 11. Ngenxa yoko, amandla iyonke ye-alfabhethi ngu 54.

Ulwazi weight uphawu

Nangona kunjalo, ingqiqo jikelele kwamandla-alfabhethi ayikhankanyi uhlobo ukubalwa kwemithamo zolwazi isicatshulwa oonobumba, amanani kunye neesimboli. Oku kufuna indlela ekhethekileyo.

Ngokusisiseko, ndiyacinga, kakuhle, loo nto yayiza ubuncinane ebekwe ngokwemiqathango inkqubo yekhompyutha, zingaphi abalinganiswa ngayo ukubamba? Impendulo: ezimbini. Nantsi nto. Inyaniso kukuba zonke umlinganiswa, nokuba abe ngunobumba okanye idijithi enenkcazelo yayo ubunzima apho kumatshini yaye siyaqonda ukuba phambi kwakhe. Kodwa computer uyayiqonda kuphela umelo ngokohlobo iintsapho amaqanda koko, enyanisweni, osondele yonke inzululwazi.

Ngoko ke, umsebenzisi angamelwa ulandelelwano equka amanani 1 no 0, ngamanye amazwi, ulandelelwano incinane kokunyulwa ileta, inombolo okanye uphawu iqulathe inamacandelo amabini.

Ubunzima ulwazi olufanayo kakhulu, kuthathwe iyunithi iinkcukacha ezilubala kuthiwa bit (1 bit). Ngako oko, le amasuntswana 8 ezenza byte enye.

Umelo zabalinganiswa kwikhowudi yokubini

Ngoko ke, yintoni na amandla lwe-alfabhethi, ndiyacinga, siyaqondakala kancinci. Ngoku khangela kwenye inkalo, ingakumbi, ingqiqo practical ukuba amandla usebenzisa ikhowudi yokubini. Njengoko umzekelo ukuze kube lula ukuthatha alphabet eziqulathe uphawu 4 kuphela.

Umvo-ezimbini ulandelelwano Ikhowudi yokubini kunye nokumelwa ulwazi ingachazwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Ngenxa yoko - isiphetho elula: amandla N = 4 alphabet unit isimboli lokulinganisa amasuntswana 2.

Ukuba usebenzisa i nemivo ezintathu-code yokubini oonobumba, umzekelo, kunye nabalinganiswa 8, inani lwendibaniso iyakuba:

Ngamanye amazwi, xa amandla oonobumba N = 8, ubunzima ngesimboli enye yomvo emithathu code yokubini ulingana ziikhowudi 3.

Indlela ukufumana amandla we-alfabhethi aze asebenzise ngayo ngokwalo computer

Ngoku makhe sizame ukujonga ubudlelwane oluvakalisa inani lamasuntswana kwi khowudi kunye namandla lwe-alfabhethi. Formula apho N - amandla oonobumba alfabethi, kunye b - inani lamasuntswana kwi ikhowudi yokubini iza kukhangeleka ngolu hlobo:

N = 2 ^b

Okt, 2 ¹ = 2, 2 ² = 4, 2 ³ = 8, 2 ⁴ = 16, njl Lwaba ethetha, inani elifunekayo zekhadi le Ikhowudi yokubini ubunzima isimboli. Ngokwemiqathango ulwazi sijongeka njengoku:

umthamo data yesikali

Noko ke, kwaba nje umzekelo olula, ngoko ukuthetha, ngokuba ukuqonda lokuqala oko ngamandla-alfabhethi. Qhubeka ngqo ukuziqhelanisa.

Kweli nqanaba lophuhliso zobugcisa computer ukuba capitalisation ukuchwetheza esekelwe, abakhulu kunye oonobumba abakhulu nabancinci, isiCyrillic kunye neeleta Latin, iimpawu zokubhala, parentheses, iisimboli arithmetic, njl Yayisebenzisa ezingu-256. Ngokusekelwe yokuba ngu-2 ukuya 256 ^8, umntu ngokulula ndiyaqonda ukuba ubunzima isimboli ngamnye kule alphabet ngu 8, ngamanye amazwi, amasuntswana 8 okanye 1 Byte.

Ukuba kwenza yonke parameters ezaziwayo, unako lula ukufumana ixabiso efunekayo inkcazelo yobungakanani kwayo nayiphi na itekisi. Ngokomzekelo, siye sibe itekisi computer, equlethe iphepha 30. Enye page kweelayini 50 zabalinganiswa 60 okanye nabaphi na oonobumba, kuquka izithuba.

Ngenxa yoko, page omnye uya kuba-50 x 60 = 3000 bytes lolwazi, kwaye konke okubhaliweyo - 3,000 x 50 = 150,000 bytes. Njengoko ungabona noba okubhaliweyo amancinci ulinganiswa bytes engonwabanga. Kuthekani yonke kwithala leencwadi?

Kule meko ke kungcono ukuba ukuguqulela ibe ixabiso umthamo enamandla ngakumbi - kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, njl Ngokusekelwe yokuba, umzekelo, 1 ikhilobhayithi le bytes 1024 (2 ^10), kunye imegabhayithi - 2 ¹⁰ kilobytes (1,024 Kbytes), kulula ukubala ukuba imali ulwazi lombhalo kunye Ukuzibonakalisa ngokwezibalo kulo mzekelo iya kuba 150000/1024 = 146 484 375 kilobytes okanye i megabytes malunga 0,14305.

kunokuba posleloviya

Ngokubanzi, oko emfutshane bonke, malunga ingqalelo oko ngamandla-alfabhethi. Kuhleli ukongeza ukuba kule nkcazelo lalisetyenziswa indlela onombono zemathematika. Ayisafuni nakucaciswa yona into yokuba umthwalo lwesemantiki Okubhaliweyo kule ityala alisonjululwanga kuqwalaselwa.

Kodwa ke, xa sisondela ngokutsha ukususela kwindawo enika umntu into lokucinga, uluhlu lwendibaniso engamampunge okanye ulandelelwano zabalinganiswa noku iya kuba zero umthwalo izithuthi, nangona, ukususela kwinqanaba Ngenxa ingqiqo umthamo data, umphumo kukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukubala.

Ngokubanzi, ulwazi amandla we-alfabhethi aze izakhono ezinxulumene akunzima ukuqonda cebetshu ingasetyenziswa ngendlela yokusebenza. Kulo mzekelo, nawuphi na umsebenzisi phantse yonke imihla senze oku. Ukucengceleza umzekelo kumqhubekekisi wegama ethandwayo okanye naziphi na ezinye umgangatho ofanayo, esebenzisa inkqubo enjalo. Kodwa musani hambanisi kunye njengesiqhelo "Notepad." Apha Alphabet amandla asezantsi, ebhala lisusiwe ukusukela, umzekelo, oonobumba abakhulu.