Binary: izibalo kunye useability

Ukususela ebuntwaneni sifundiswa ukuba izinto ezibalulekileyo ebomini abadala: ukwenza nawaphi na amanyathelo ezilula nisekhaya ukuthetha, ukufunda ukubala. Mhlawumbi wonke ukhumbula lanikwa nzima ngayo amanqaku enkulisa okanye kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi, kwakunzima ukuba siqhelane ukupela amanani. Emva kwexesha elithile, baqhele kakhulu into yokuba yonke isekelwe phezu thina inkqubo lokugqibela (score, imali, ixesha), loo nto baze basole ubukho kwezinye iinkqubo (kwakhona esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo, kwimveliso okanye kwinkalo IT ).

Enye yezi nombolo "non-umgangatho" leenketho yinkqubo kabini. Nanjengoko igama layo lixela, iseti lonke zabalinganiswa liphethe 0 no 1. Nangona kubonakala ilula, kodwa inkqubo yokubini esetyenziswa nzima kakhulu ukuza kuthi ga ngoku izixhobo zobugcisa - iikhompyutha kunye nezinye izakhiwo ezenzekelayo.

Umbuzo ngulo: ibiyini na isigqibo ukuba usebenzisa yona, ngenxa yokuba indoda kulula kakhulu ukuba bajolise kwi-hyperlinked 10 njengesiqhelo? Into yokuba ikhompyutha - nomatshini ehamba ugesi, kunye Akunakuba yayo eliphantsi, enyanisweni, ukuba algorithm zilula yezenzo. inkqubo Binary ngokwembono ikhompyutha kuthelekiswa nezinye imingcelele eziluncedo:

1. Kuba umatshini kukho 2 ithi: baleka okanye hayi, kukho ngoku okanye akukho yangoku. Nganye kwezi ithi luphawulwa omnye wabalinganiswa: 0 - "hayi", 1 - "ewe."

2. I-(kabini) yebhayinari inkqubo evumela ukuba lula chips yifowuni (ngamanye amazwi, ngokwaneleyo ukuba iindlela ezimbini kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo signal).

3. Le nkqubo ngaphantsi othambekele wokuphazamiseka yaye ngokukhawuleza. okukwazi Ingxolo kuba nengozi elula kunokwenzeka yehlise ukusilela software, kodwa kuba algebra yokubini kwalawo kulula kakhulu lokugqibela.

4. Imisebenzi seBhulin kunye amanani yokubini ukwenza lula kakhulu. Ngokubanzi, logic algebra (Boolean) kwakuthetha ukuba ekuqondeni iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo isiginali transduction kwiinkqubo zekhompyutha zobugcisa.

Ukuba ufuna ukufunda elithile lobuchule, mhlawumbi bazazi iziseko ukumelwa amanani ngendlela yokubini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umntu abangenamava kwizinto ezinjalo, imisebenzi izibalo kunye 0 no 1 kufuneka sokuqondwa epheleleyo ngakumbi computer, apho ngokuqinisekileyo wonke.

Ngoko ke, ngeqanda no bani unokwenza le efanayo lokubala eliguqukayo njengoko ngamanani eziqhelekileyo. Kweli nqaku, asiyi kuqwalasela imisebenzi ezifana inversion, Ngaphezu modulo 2 kunye nezinye (kuphela ezithile).

Cinga indlela Ukongeza kwi inkqubo yokubini. Umzekelo, ukongeza amanani amabini: 1001 no 1110. Ukususela yokumpompoza lokugqibela, yokukhwabusha: 1 + 0 = 1, ngoko 0 + 1 = 1, isenzo ilandelayo: 0 + 1 = 1, yaye ekugqibeleni 1 + 1 = 10. Total siye saba inombolo 10111.

Nokukhupha binary kwinkqubo inani lulandela imigaqo efanayo. Thabatha umzekelo amanani efanayo, kodwa ngoku uthabathe 1110 ukususela 1001. Ukufumana kwakhona nge inani lokugqibela: 0-1 = 1 (thabatha 1 kwinqanaba elilandelayo), apha ochazwa ngokuba isampulu. Iyonke 101.

Division phinda nazo ezahlukene xa kuthelekiswa nemigaqo sisetyenziswa kwifom wokugqibela.

Ukongeza Binary, izithathu isicelo kwi computer, elinekona ezintandathu kunye hexadecimal iinkqubo nenombolo.