Inkqubo ezininzi ethandwa

Inkqubo Inombolo - le yindlela ekhethekileyo lokubhala usebenzisa iseti ethile yeenombolo - iimpawu ezizodwa. Le iseti yamanani luhlobo lwe-alfabhethi, apho umntu uyakwazi ukufunda inani ezirekhodiweyo.

Kwinkqubo yokuphuhliswa impucuko kwenzeka iinkqubo ezininzi amanani yokubhala. Okokuqala yaba izangqa nobu-, izinti okanye neefolokhwe, onombolo yakhe lilingana nenani lezinto engenakubalwa. Njengoko amanani uthethe nokuthetha, oonobumba be-alfabhethi, nkqu iisilabhili zentetho. Ekugqibeleni, wonke amanani edlulileyo kwaye ngoku zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amathathu: inkqubo ngokokuma nonpositional kunye exutyiweyo.

Xa ubunzima iinkqubo nepozitsionnyh kunye nokubaluleka amanani azikho ixhomekeke ngqo kwi abasebenzi kwezo zithuba. Ngelo xesha wabeka imiqathango ethile indlela amanani, indawo yabo yokunyuka ukuze zisihla. Umzekelo, neenyumerali odumileyo yamaRoma - it nepozitsionnyh inkqubo inani.

Ukuba amanani inkqubo ngqo ubunzima kuyahlukana nedlela indawo ngokulandelelana, nto leyo inombolo abhalwe, le nkqubo kuthathwa ukuba ngokokuma. Umzekelo, inani 888 okubhaliweyo neenyumerali efanayo, kodwa bona babe ixabiso lenani ezahlukileyo ngokuxhomekeke ezinabantu isithuba 8 amakhulu, amashumi 8, iiyunithi 8.

Nayiphi na inkqubo ngokokuma luphawulwa noseko lwalo. Isiseko Inkqubo ngokokuma - linani yeesimboli ezahlukeneyo okanye amanqaku, ezo zisetyenziselwa ukurekhoda amanani kwinkqubo elinikiweyo. Njengoko isiseko enze naluphi integers ezintle. Ngaloo ndlela, kuyenzeka ukuba ukwakha inani olungenasiphelo iinkqubo positioning ezahlukeneyo. Ngoku ngokubanzi kusetyenziswa kwesishumi inkqubo, zokubini, elinekona ezintandathu kunye hexadecimal. Makhe sithethe ngazo ngokweenkcukacha.

inkqubo metric

Weza eYurophu bevela eIndiya, apho kwakungekho emva komhla we-6 BC kwekhulu Le nkqubo usebenzisa digits-10 - ukusuka kwiqanda ukuya ezisithoba. Xa olu lwazi ikhutshwa kuphela inani kodwa indawo apho eme.

inombolo 10 kunye nobungakanani bayo kubaluleke kakhulu ingakumbi inkqubo wokugqibela. inani lokugqibela inxalenye lasekunene nani limele inani leeyunithi, ilandelwe yi inani amashumi, amakhulu, amawaka, njl

Isizathu sokuba ukuthandwa kunye nokwanda ehlabathini inkqubo wokugqibela kukuba icebo lokuqala ukubalwa mntu izandla zakhe. Inani leminwe yaba kwindawo yokuqala wenkqubo ukubala.

binary

Le nkqubo usebenzisa amanani ezimbini - enye zero. Le nkqubo yakhelwe ijikeleze inani amabini kunye namagunya ayo. Umvo abaninzi bomtya ibonisa inani leeyunithi zilandelayo ngayo - ngababini, ngoko - nganyawo, eights, njl

Inkqubo yokubini lula naliphi na inani yendalo angabhalwa kulandelelwano amaqanda kunye nabo. Nangona kunjalo, le notation yokubini nga enkhowudwa kuphela inani, kodwa imifanekiso, iifilim, izicatshulwa, ezirekhodiweyo. Nngokobuchwepheshe, ukhowudo lokubini kuphunyezwa lula ngobulungisa, ngoko lisetyenziswa kwi candelo lezobuchwepheshe.

elinekona ezintandathu

Kule nkqubo yokunombola enamanani ezisibhozo-- ukusuka kwiqanda ukuya kwezisixhenxe. Xa inani eliphantsi 1 kubonisa iyunithi obhobhozayo - kwakunye kwinkqubo lokugqibela le. Kodwa kwiyunithi ekubhobhozeni elilandelayo kuthetha 8, ngoko - 64 njalo njalo. Inani 100 ikhowudi elinekona ezintandathu ebhaliweyo ukufunda njenge lokugqibela 64.

Ukuguqula njengenani elinekona ezintandathu 611 kwinkqubo yokubini, kuyimfuneko ukuba indawo idijithi nganye amanani yokubini ehambelanayo triad. Inguqulelo umva kwenkqubo inani kabini elinekona ezintandathu kuyimfuneko ukuba anikezele ngazo triad ekunene ukuya ekhohlo, ngoko endaweni zonke ezintathu ehambelana amivo mi-nkqubo elinekona ezintandathu.

Le nkqubo elinekona ezintandathu eziphela kwishumi

Inani ebhalwe elinekona ezintandathu, sele ukhangele kakhulu compact. Kodwa inkqubo njengokom ikuvumela ukuba abhale nokuba compact ngakumbi. Ukususela 1 ukuya digit 10 kule nkqubo isebenzisa ulandelelwano yesiqhelo - ukusuka kwiqanda ukuya elithoba, kodwa njengoko imivo ezintandathu ezilandelayo (11 to 16) wasebenzisa oonobumba bokuqala abathandathu be-alfabhethi Latin.

Njengoko neenkqubo zangaphambili, lowo yesi kwi LSB libhekisela yunithi. Xa oku kulandelayo ubhobhozayo, nokuba litshatshazi, laba-16 (ukusuka kwinkqubo wokugqibela), nkqu oku kulandelayo - 256 (ukusuka kwinkqubo wokugqibela). Ukuba lo mzobo F umi LSB, iluphawu njengenani lokugqibela 1.

Phambili kunye nokudluliselwa elingemva kwinkqubo njengenani eliphindwe kabini lwenziwa ngokufanayo kukhutshelo ngasentla kwinkqubo elinekona ezintandathu.