Sciences Philological. Yintoni ofunda philology? ngeelwimi Russian

Abantu abaninzi bayaqonda Sciences philological njengento engacacanga kakhulu engabonwa. Bayazi ukuba le nkqubo enxulumene ekufundweni kweelwimi, kodwa ulwazi oluneenkcukacha ngakumbi esingenayo. Kwaye kuphela abo baye izidanga kwi-Faculty of Philology, ngokuchanileyo nezinomtsalane esichengeni onke amacala philology.

Ingcamango isayensi

Philology - isayensi ejongene isifundo sezizwe ezahlukeneyo ngokomoya, ukuhlalutya abawubhalileyo, ngokweenkcukacha uyaziqonda iimpawu zolwimi, ize emva koko eqokelela ulwazi zibe yinto enye.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba iitekisi ezibhaliweyo - yenye yemithombo ezibonisa imbali yabantu. Eyokuqala kwezi wabonakala ngohlobo izimvo ukuba amagama anzima afumaneka kwizichazi-magama ezinde kunye nemibhalo zonqulo. Homer waba ngowokuqala ogama amanqaku abo phantsi ekuthabatheni inxaxheba.

Philology iquka izinto ezininzi yaye ngamnye kubo abathatha inxaxheba kushishino lwabo. Romano kwisiJamani Philology, umzekelo, olusetyenziswa kakhulu ehlabathini, njengoko kube uhlalutyo Romance kunye iilwimi zesiJamani.

Kulo mzekelo, lwimi Romance ziquka:

• French;
• Italian;
• Spanish nabanye.

iqela German phakathi kwabaninzi ukufunda IsiNgesi kunye nesiJamani, omnye ethandwa kakhulu ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.

History of uphuhliso

Philology wabonakala kudala, eGrisi yamandulo. Kuqala ke imbonakalo yazo, ngoko ke uphuhliso (ngamaXesha Aphakathi), kwaye kwisithuba yase - lokudubula esebenzayo ngokupheleleyo. Le mbono "philology" waqalisa ukwenza ngenkulungwane XVIII. Ke kuphela malunga kushishino zakudala, kuba kamva kwavela Slavic. Owaseka yesebe Slavic yi sisazinzulu Czech Dobrovskiy Yosef.

Kulula ukuqonda isizathu sokuba uphuhliso philology yaqala. BaseYurophu zinomdla iingcambu yesizwe zabo, imithombo, uphuhliso. Negalelo kule Ifilosofi yoyilo uthando ngelo xesha, kwakunye ekuqaleni ukulwa bahlaseli Turkish.

Kuba nezinye iintlobo nenzululwazi: ngamnye kubo a kakhulu-esinzulu kushishino ethile kunye nabantu abaye abachaphazelekayo. Kwihlabathi kukho imibutho emininzi yasekuhlaleni ukuba bazibandakanya ebangela, ixesha nexesha lokufumba kwaye wabelane impumelelo yabo.

complex Sciences

Kuba ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo oko philology, kuyimfuneko ukuba badize naluphi na inzululwazi philological amacandelo yayo;

• Ezolimi. Igama yesibini - Ezolimi ukuba ufunda undoqo lolwimi, imisebenzi yayo, isakhiwo.
• Uncwadi. Uhlola imbali iincwadi, uphuhliso kunye nefuthe nenkcubeko yabantu.
• Lwemveli. art Folk, iintsomi, iintsomi kunye namabali - ezi zifundo engundoqo zokufunda.
• ukugxeka yalondolozwa. Xa embindini ingqalelo yayo imisebenzi ababhali ezahlukeneyo, imbali kwazo nokwenzeka.
• Wemibhalo. Le efunda ngesayensi ngqangi yamandulo, iimilo zabo, iintlobo, ixesha kunye nendawo indalo.

Njengoko ubona kulo kwaziswa, philological iisayensi ukufunda ulwimi zonke macala kunokwenzeka.

Philologists eyaziwa

Ngubani na lo umphengululi? Le isazi Ezolimi. Eli nani ngokucokisekileyo wayefunda nkcukacha kolwimi oluthile, ekwenzeni izigqibo malunga ilifa lokomoya abantu abathetha ngayo. igalelo elikhulu kwindalo kunye nophuhliso lolwimi Russian wenza ngeelwimi Russian.

• MV Lomonosov Waba ngunozala yegrama Russian. Wayengomnye bokuqala ukuba abeke ulwimi nendlela. Into esiyaziyo ngoku malunga izigaba zentetho - ngokwemfanelo uMikhail Vasilyevich. Ukuba imbongi abanezakhono, wabeka isiseko ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
• Easts AH Ndaya kuphela kwigrama kunye ebhaliweyo kule mbandela iincwadi ezininzi.
• Potebnya AA Wafunda iilwimi Russian kwaye Ukrainian, wahlawula ingqalelo kakhulu kwigrama.
• Shakhmatov AA Ndifunda ngemvelaphi yeelwimi. Wabhala imisebenzi eziliqela syntax ulwimi Russian.
• Peshkovski AM Wabonisa imvakalozwi kwindlela esithetha njengesixhobo lwegrama ukunceda iingcinga express ngokufanelekileyo.
• LV Szczerba Waba discoverer beendidi ubume amagama baze bancokole malunga nendima sesibizo kunye nesenzi kwisivakalisi.
• Vinogradov VV Ndifunda imbali Ezolimi Russian. Wabhala iincwadi ezininzi malunga izimbo zolwimi Russian esetyenziswa yi ababhali ezahlukeneyo kwiincwadi zakhe. Kuyinto igalelo ingakumbi ezixabisekileyo lexicology kunye phraseology ulwimi.
• Karamzin NM bafunda ulwimi ibandla Russian, oza kusondela style ngoncwadi Indies zonxibelelwano.
• Ushakov DN upelo wafunda, lexicology, dialectology. Ezibhaliweyo imiqulu 4 lwamagama equlethe amangenelo 90000. Umsebenzi kule projekthi lwaqhutywa iminyaka 6.
• dal VI Ngaba iyaziwa yonke umbhali of Great Dictionary, nto leyo ibonisa ubunzulu isifundo sakhe ulwimi Russian.

Philology, ulwimi Russian

philology Russian yinxalenye icandelo enkulu Slavic, ukufunda abantu Russian kunye nelifa layo. Ngenkulungwane XVII oko baqalisa ukuqokelela iinkcukacha-ngqangi yamandulo, nto leyo yathetha ukuba Count Rumyantsev.

Ngenkulungwane XVIII, Lomonosov wabhala iincwadi ezimbini ezidumileyo malunga negrama yolwimi ke ukugqithisela ulwimi ibandla ngaphezu ukufunda okuqhubekayo stylistics. De kube ngoku, abantu abazaziyo iilwimi Russian musa ayeke ukusebenza, nokuqhubeka ukuhlalutya izimbo ezahlukeneyo, neziyelelane namaqhalo. Kuphela ngoku amanani mihla ababhala imisebenzi, hayi nje kuphela kodwa kwakhona ukuba ukwabelana bakufumeneyo kunye nabafundi baseyunivesithi. Ngapha koko, inkoliso Philologists zokusebenza kwiiyunivesithi kunye namaziko ophando.

philology Foreign

Le yesebe inzululwazi swi ukufunda iilwimi zasemzini, imbali kunye neempawu zazo. Safunda iinkcukacha ukufunda nokubhala, imisebenzi kwenziwe olunzulu uhlalutyo banezimbo zomthonyama, ulwazi leyo enefuthe kakhulu ubuchule bomntu ekuthetheni nasekwazini izithethi zomthonyama. indima enkulu yokusebenza translation.

Kunokuba elide ukuze bafunde imithetho upelo, igrama nefonetiki, kodwa awukwazi ukuthetha kakuhle kwaye ukuguqulela intetho ngaphandle uqeqesho.

Indlela ukuba ube philologist

Yiba umphengululi nikela kwabona umdla yeeSayensi zibe zifunyenwe kwi-Faculty of Philology. Kukho amaziko afundisa ngumpheki ezinjalo. Abanye babo baye isebe ejongene kunye namasebe ezahlukeneyo Ezolimi: mhlawumbi Slavic, Indo-European, Romance kunye zaseJamani Philology.

Ukukhetha indlela, umfundi ngamnye uyakwazi isigqibo ulwimi kunye nabantu bakhe abanomdla ngokomoya kwaye siya kuba ukwazi ukufunda. ikhono Philological the best eRashiya eyaziwa ngokuba ngamaziko afana:

• Moscow University State;
• Russian enceda University State;
• Nizhny Novgorod State University ogama emva Dobrolyubov;
• University Federal Southern ;
• Pyatigorsk Linguistic University State ;
• Iilwimi Irkutsk University State;
• Moscow Linguistic State University.

Olu luluhlu lwe ezabelwe athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabantu abatsha. Kodwa kukho ezinye amandla ezininzi yunivesithi apho afunde khona ozithandayo.