Enkulu Yobuzwe War Museum ngomhla Poklonnaya Hill. Museum IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic

Phakathi izinto emininzi eMoscow zibe nokwaziwa Poklonnaya Hill. Lukhumbuza wonke oko feat kuye kwafezwa ngabantu ngexesha Second World War. Sithetha ngalo kwisakhiwo lesikhumbuzo, nto leyo ifumaneka phakathi izitrato Minsk kunye Kutuzovsky Ithemba.

Uthando isakhiwo yesikhumbuzo abahlali ikomkhulu livela ngoko nangoko

uluntu Metropolitan nethemba akayikhumbuli kakhulu kwi iimyuziyam, obubonakala ngokuba yincwadi evuliweyo nathanda officious. Ukongeza, amaziko afana akanako ukuzisa uthando ebantwini. Kodwa ke imyuziyam usembindini War Patriotic Enkulu kwi Poklonnaya Hill ikwazile ukuba abe ngaphandle ezimnandi (kunye kwisakhiwo lesikhumbuzo, esijikeleza ngayo). imibhiyozo imikhosi kunye nje ukubethwa ngumoya mnandi - konke oku liye lifana zakhiwo. Muscovites kule ndawo iye yaba oyithandayo. Ukongeza, imyuziyam - ithuba elikhulu ukwazisa abantwana kwimbali yelizwe labo.

iingcinga yokuqala ukwakhiwa yesikhumbuzo yokukhumbula

Ukuba ihlabathi ukhuphiswano ukuchonga lesikhumbuzo, leyo imbali lide, yesikhumbuzo wayeza kukwazi ukuthatha indawo yokuqala. Xa mgaqo, kwaye leMfazwe yeSibini yeHlabathi Museum ngomhla Poklonnaya Hill ngumsebenzi lokwenyaniso zobugcisa. Imfuno olu hlobo lesikhumbuzo yokuqala ukuvela emva kwixesha xa yimfazwe swing ngokupheleleyo. Ezizezi, ngo-1942. Yaba ngeli thuba, i-Union of Architects, kwagqitywa ukubhengeza ukhuphiswano apho kwafuneka ukukhetha projekthi ilungileyo lesikhumbuzo wokuwonga elaa Uloyiso. Noko ke, ukhuphiswano alukapheli na, njengokuba ngowe-1942, bonke izinto ezibaluleke ngakumbi.

Inkangeleko epaki ilitye lesikhumbuzo

Poklonnaya Gora, ezizezi sisikhumbuzo, nto leyo eya kubekwa kuyo, uvuse umdla karhulumente ngo-1955. Kulo nyaka, Marshal zhukov wathuma memo ukuya kwi CPSU Committee Central ukuba ukukhumbula ingcamango endala wokudala sisikhumbuzo. Kodwa isigqibo sokugqibela malunga uzifake njani ilitye lesikhumbuzo kwenziwa ngo-1958. Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva wabeka epakini, leyo kamva wabonakala lenkumbulo.

uhlengahlengiso ezintsha eziye athintele ukuvela isakhiwo yesikhumbuzo

Isigqibo ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba ukwakha Enkulu Patriotic War Museum ngomhla Poklonnaya Hill, yamkelwa kuphela ngo-1986, i-Ofisi yoMphathiswa wezeNkcubeko eYiphutha. Kwaye efana, kwabonakala ukuba kungekudala zonke izimvo ziya kuphunyezwa. Noko ke, umhla lokuqala kwakhona elinye ixesha. Ngenxa lenguqulelo kunye kokupheliswa USSR ziye zenziwe uhlengahlengiso ezithile. Umzekelo, ukwenza kwisakhiwo sisikhumbuzo, izicwangciso ukutsala mali ziye zafunyanelwa kubulelwe wamaKomanisi ngoMgqibelo. Kodwa ngeMigqibelo yaye kungekudala yinto elidlulileyo elikude.

Ukuvulwa kwisakhiwo esitsha kwi sikhumbuzo sama-50 Victory

Kodwa ukuba ukwakha Enkulu Patriotic War Museum ngomhla Poklonnaya Hill kodwa kwakuyimfuneko. Iingxaki kulo mba wagqiba kuphela 1995. Weminyaka engu 50 ka Victory waphawulwa ngenxa Muscovites okuqala kwisakhiwo lenkumbulo. Ukongeza kule myuziyam endaweni yayo iqhele ilitye lesikhumbuzo elikhulu lunikezelwa Uloyiso. Kwakhona yayakhiwe indlwana Georgiya Pobedonostsa. Museum of the Holocaust, nto leyo ibekwe yesikhungu, mosque kunye nezinye ezikhumbuzo ezininzi kunye nemiboniso - konke oku namhlanje inama Poklonnaya Hill.

Indawo ethandwayo ukuhamba kunye nolonwabo

Ukususela mzuzu xa kwakukho isakhiwo sisikhumbuzo, abantu abaninzi baqalisa ukuba ukukhetha kule ndawo ekuhambeni zabo. Kodwa kuyaqondakala, kuba entabeni nje wavula ubuhle lumnandi. A indawo enkulu sinika ithuba lokuba ahambe, ekupheleleni kwemihla xa ebanjwa mibhiyozo. Nosaziwayo kunye beebhayisikile bakwazi ukuxhamla imizila, abazali baya kuba nako ukufumana yonke into oyidingayo ukuze esonwabisa abantwana babo.

Poklonnaya Gora ufumene omnye isithethe elungileyo. It zinginginya imitshato emininzi. Batshatayo ukuhamba kuphela macala sisikhumbuzo, kodwa ukuba asayine isakhiwo ofisi yobhaliso. Kwaye kukho ithemba lethu ukuba ngokuhamba kwexesha izithethe kule ndawo enkulu iza kukhula kuphela nande.

Yini kuyabonakala kwi myuziyam?

I-museum efanayo kakhulu Poklonnaya Hill uyakwazi ukwanelisa njengokufuna ulwazi njengomfundi kunye nomntu omdala kwabanjwa indoda. Umzekelo, wonke umntu uya kukwazi ukubamba isixhobo imfazwe ngexesha elinye imisebenzi. Nkqu ukuya amaphenyane uze uzame phezu iiyunifomu. Amathuba kunye iinketho zeehambo kunye nemiboniso, ukusuka apho bonke baya okunoneleleyo, oko nje inani elikhulu.

umboniso amane kungabonwa ngezizathu zemyuziyam, leyo ezisisigxina. Sithetha ngembali emkhosini, diorama, yobuciko kunye nezixhobo emkhosini. A nomvakalelo womoya onamandla ngokwaneleyo zingafumaneka ukususela kwiinkqubo neziviwa-zibonwa. Baya kuba nako ukubonisa newsreels kwexesha imfazwe.

Ngokupheleleyo zonke izixhobo zomkhosi kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, bahlanganisana ndawonye

Zonke izixhobo zomkhosi, leyo kungabonwa ngokundwendwela i Museum ngomhla Poklonnaya Hill, ukuba ibekwe kwindawo evulekileyo kwenye eminqubeni. Kuyinto umboniso ecaleni kwakhe phantsi kwegama "War Motor." Kukho iimoto ezazisetyenziswa ngexesha lemfazwe. Phakathi zonke iimodeli kunokubonwa njengobuchule ezaziwayo-kakuhle, yaye kunqabile.

Technology Museum on Poklonnaya Hill unako ukubonisa zonke kusecicini imfazwe. Amatanki, moya, ezothutho kaloliwe, zokudubula kunye iinqanawa - konke oku kwaye ezininzi ingqalelo ngononophelo kakhulu. Phakathi avuleke kukho ndlela apho Amanyeneyo alwa eSoviet Union. Akukho ngaphandle indebe, onako ukubonisa wonke umntu ufuna museum izixhobo zomkhosi. Poklonnaya Hill uye iisampuli abangaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu. Ukongeza, kukho indlela yokuba abaya kuthathelwa ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, omnye bomber ebusuku, anokuba phezulu emoyeni nanamhlanje. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kukho kwakhona yenye matanki best, owaba ligorha Second World War. Sithetha ngalo odumileyo T-34.

Victory Museum on Poklonnaya Hill uya kuba nako ukutsala ingqalelo yabantu abaninzi, abancinane nabakhulu, yaye ngoncedo uloliwe vehicles "Kranovostochnik", nto leyo ke yakhiwa ngo-1917. Site le zothutho athunyelwa kwisakhiwo lesikhumbuzo ngqo ukusuka Central Museum, elingcwele omkhosi. Le isampuli kakhulu ubutyebi bembali, njengokuba yena walwa kuphela amaNazi, kodwa kunye umphangi bands.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba puterazrushitel ngokwaneleyo ebizwa ngokuba "Hook." War Museum on Poklonnaya Hill uye imfuyo yayo ikopi yeso sixhobo. yezityalo imveliso yawo benza Krupa. Ngowe-1943, ubuchule yayisetyenziswa ngexesha kwiimfanta.

Abaninzi baya kuba umdla ukubona ufakelo, apho ungagcina zokudubula ngqo emthondweni. Xa eli candelo mlilo wayelingana degrees 360. Ukuze ukuba ubunzima emlilweni ukubuyela emva kokuba imvula, ukufakelwa nga kuthuthwa kumgama ethile.

ingcaciso enika abanakumkholisa izimvo zalo okukhulu

A ixesha elininzi neenzame esichithwe abaququzeleli ukulungiselela imiboniso ngenxa mboniso othi "Izixhobo imfazwe." Inani elikhulu yeemoto lwathunyelwa imyuziyam zobuciko zabucala. Zonke ezi zenzo zikhokelele kwinto yokuba wonke umntu namhlanje ungabona mboniso ezintle, esibonakala kuphela Iintlobo onamavili okanye kulandelelwa yezixhobo, kodwa ezinye izinto ezazisetyenziswa ngexesha lemfazwe.

Ngenxa imisebenzi nokubuyiselwa yonke ubuchule enokukhokelela karhulumente ukusebenza. Kwihlabathi mihla inkqubo sisikhumbuzo omkhulu entsonkothileyo aphuhlileyo, nto leyo ebonisa zombini iiprojekthi zobugcisa weendawo. Le myuziyam zinginginya ngokusisigxina imiboniso, zombini zokubhala kunye mobile. Le myuziyam ziyafikelela iindwendwe phantse yonke imihla. Kuphela ngoMvulo, sivala.

isiphelo

A Imyuziyam lunikezelwa iminyaka yemfazwe (ukususela 1941 ukuya 1945), kunye Victory Park - yinto entsokothileyo, apho element eyintloko uthathwa ilitye lesikhumbuzo. ukuphakama kwayo kweemitha 142. Imbonakalo kufana onencula kunye nani ze Nike, isithixokazi woloyiso. Monument ahombise ngayo isiqabu ukusuka izinto ezifana nobhedu.

I-museum, sifana nenxalenye zakhiwo yesikhumbuzo, uthathwa ukuba nomtsalane engundoqo. isixa esikhulu ixesha kunye nomgudu yasetyenziswa ukwenza oko. Noko ke, yonke into nabanyisayo kwenziwe akulambathanga. Kwaye ukuza kuthi ga uluhlu ndikholisa bonke abantu kuzo elikomkhulu kunye nezinye izixeko kweli lizwe ngenxa izimvo zayo ezibalaseleyo kunye ezininzi zokuzonwabisa.