Yintoni na ixesha ephantsi-amanzi amanzi ofanelekileyo? Iimpawu, iintlobo kunye nemiqathango ekuchongweni amanzi aphantsi

Ngezinto ezifana zizikhukula kwamanzi, abaninzi kuni eniwavileyo. Kodwa ke xesha ukuwutha kwamanzi, ukwazi oko akubantwini bonke. Le yenye izigaba ulawulo amanzi omlambo, nto leyo eza kuxutyushwa kwinqaku lethu.

ulawulo emlanjeni kunye nesigaba yayo ephambili

Kwihlabathi kukho izigidi ezininzi imilambo kunye nemisinga. Yaye ngamnye kubo yahlukile! Wonke komlambo "nomlinganiswa" yaye ulawulo lwakhe. Phantsi kolawulo umlambo kwakuthetha oluntsonkothileyo utshintsho ngamaxesha athile kwi imeko ngasemfuleni, leyo zingumvuka weemeko emzimbeni kwendawo nohehema lwesitya sokuhlambela yayo (ingakumbi imozulu mmandla).

utshintsho lwemozulu zonyaka luchaphazela imeko phantse yonke imilambo zehlabathi. Ngesinye - komelela kwelinye - ngaphantsi ezibonakalayo.

Ehlotyeni, kwisibanzi epholileyo xa ukucwangcisa amanzi lobushushu eliphezulu avela kumphezulu ngumphunga ngenkuthalo. Ngako oko, yonke imilambo kwezi ezinezinga ngokuthe ngcembe nzulu, ukuba aqale ukwanda ngenkuthalo ulwelwe luyawudyobha isilili sabo umbala oluhlaza oqaqambileyo. Ekuqaleni entwasahlobo, phezu koko, abe umfula-ngokupheleleyo. Okokuqala, ngenxa ukunyibilika komkhenkce kwekhephu ukugcina phakathi kwiindawo zabo yoboniselo ngamanzi.

Nombuso wayo nayiphi na umlambo iquka izigaba ezithathu eziphambili. Zezi:

1. Flood (inqanaba lamanzi liphezulu emlanjeni).
2. Ukhukuliseko (ukunyuka elifutshane elibukhali inqanaba amanzi omlambo, senziwa ezina kakhulu).
3. amanzi Low.

Yintoni na ke amanzi athetha ntoni? Esimi yenye izigaba wolawulo yomjelo wamanzi. Iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu malunga iimpawu kwesi sigaba, siya sichaze ngezantsi.

Yintoni na ixesha ukuwutha kwamanzi: inkcazo kunye kakuhle eli gama

Ngoko ke, siye safumanisa ukuba ngamnye yemilambo inayo ulawulo wayo amanzi. Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba yintoni na amanzi aphantsi, ezinye iimpawu ezi uphawu kwesi sigaba wolawulo lomlambo.

amanzi Low - oku iphantsi inqanaba lamanzi emlanjeni, kwakunye ixesha elide noko ngexesha apho kulo mgangatho igcinwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, eli xesha ayikho ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezingama-10. Ngeli xesha, lo mfula wondla ikakhulu komhlaba.

Xa ezinezinga epholileyo ophezulu ithuba kumantla ukuwutha kwamanzi ikhweyitha iqala ngasekupheleni kwehlobo okanye ekwindla (ubuncinane - ebusika) kwaye kuyaqhubeka de ekuqaleni ngumkhenkce-up. Intaba imilambo oko kusenokuba okwethutyana singabikho izikhukula ezinamandla okubangelwa kwezulu zemvula.

Ukuze ngcono ukuqonda oko eyayinethombo esezantsi lomlambo, kufuneka ufumanise ukuba yintoni Imiba enu. Ezi zinto kufuneka iquke:

• indawo okuyo echibi;
• iimpawu zemozulu yommandla apho mmandla ngamanzi;
• sendawo;
• isakhiwo zejoloji ummandla;
• uhlaza, okukhoyo phakathi amanzi emlanjeni;
• izinga nempembelelo yabantu anthropogenic.

Xa, amanzi jikelele ephantsi - nto intle ongathembekanga, isigaba eguqukayo olawulo lwamanzi, ngenxa "ubu" kwinkqubo umlambo lowo. Nditsho exposure encinane uyakwazi ukutshintsha ngokuphawulekayo uhlobo kunye nobungakanani lomlambo ukuwutha kwamanzi.

Yintoni na ixesha ukuwutha kwamanzi: intsingiselo kunye nemvelaphi igama

Kutheni amanzi somlambo ngesiquphe kuba lincinane? Impendulo ilula: oku kubangelwa lweengxaki (okanye epheleleyo kumiwe) ahamba ngayo amandla avela kumthombo othile. Kwimimandla ngokoma kwihlabathi somlambo ngexesha amanzi eliphantsi kwaye koma ngokupheleleyo. Kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nokuba lilawula ukuba wambu izityalo kwaphela.

Yintoni na ke amanzi aphantsi ukusuka kwindawo philological ngayo?

Imvelaphi yalo kota yenzululwazi kungenzeka ukuba ezinxulumene elithi "kumda". Nguwo lowo umda phakathi nantoni na. Kule meko ethile, sithetha malunga umda phakathi maxesha onyaka. Mhlawumbi ngamaxesha laqala ikhetha ngenxa yokuba amanzi emilanjeni yasekuhlaleni.

Iintlobo lomlambo wamanzi aphantsi

amanzi ephantsi eyahlukileyo. Kuxhomekeka iimeko zemozulu zale ndawo, hydrologists wakhululwa:

• kwehlobo (okanye ihlobo-ekwindla);
• zasebusika amanzi aphantsi.

Summer-ekwindla yamanzi ephantsi kuqalise ngoko nangoko emva igagasi entwasahlobo (Julayi-Agasti) kwaye kuyaqhubeka de izikhukula ixesha ekwindla. Ukuba owokugqibela kuyagcinwa, eli nqanaba nga kuhlala kuyo ebusika, kude igagasi komnyaka (ubusika amanzi aphantsi).

Kuxhomekeke kwixesha kwingongoma nganye yamanzi ephantsi umlambo:

• omfutshane (kangangeentsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwi-30);
• elide (kangangeentsuku ezingama-30).

Kodwa ke uninzi kwethuba eliphantsi-amanzi uzityhobozele kwexesha, ngakanye.

Iikhrayitheriya ukucacisa amanzi aphantsi

Ngoko nangoko kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ulwabiwo yamanzi ephantsi (kwakunye nayiphi na isigaba emanzini-umlambo) impela ezikhathazayo. Ingakumbi xa kuziwa isakhelo yayo ixesha. Oko kukuthi, ngokukodwa kwaye ayintsokothanga abone xa ixesha ukuwutha kwamanzi uqala umlambo othile, oko akwenzeki.

Isibaluli yokuqingqa nqanaba lisezantsi amanzi luthathwa inguqu kwamanzi ebhedini emlanjeni. Ngoko ke, ukuba kulo naliphi na ixesha, eli nani ayidluli 10-15% ye amanzi yonyaka iyonke, ngoko ke sithethe amanzi ephantsi kweli thuba elithile. Interesting Eneneni, ezweni elibanzi-scale Iimephu ngesimo ibonisa isithunzela iibhedi umlambo ukuba imeko yabo ngamaxesha ephantsi-kwamanzi.

Kuba inkoliso imilambo Russian nemilambo ukuba Zinjalo ihlobo-ekwindla ixesha ukuwutha kwamanzi (Agasti ukuya ngoNovemba). Summer semvula kummandla eRashiya, njengoko umthetho, siphila ixesha elifutshane yaye akanako ukuphembelela kakhulu Imilambo komlambo. Ezi nketho kuphela ziinkalo weentaba lizwe, kwakunye kummandla Far East, apho imilambo yamanzi ephantsi ngeke kwenzeke.