Yintoni hydra? Coelenterates Class of hydroid

Kweli nqaku uza kufunda into hydra. Le ngummeli coelenterates liphawulwa ziinkqubo ngaphezulu entsonkothileyo kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa eziphilayo zokuqala multicellular - sponge. Ziintoni izinto awohluke ngesakhiwo na isizathu? Makhe sijonge kunye.

Yintoni i Hydra kwiintsomi

Olu hlobo ufumana igama layo ngenxa ezifanayo kunye hero wentsomi - hydra Lernaean. Ngokutsho legend, yaba yinyoka-ezifana ndiyingwenya na ngomoya enetyhefu. umzimba Hydra kaThixo lalineentloko eziliqela. Koyiswe ukuba ayikwazanga kuba nabani na - kwisayithi ye entloko wabulala nangoko wakhula ezimbalwa ezintsha.

Wahlala Lernaean Hydra e Lake Lerna, leyo abagcini emnyango ekuthuthu- eHadesi. UMofokeng kuphela wakwazi anqunyulwe intloko yakhe ukungafi. Emva kokuba ayingcwaba emhlabeni, yaphosa ilitye elinzima. Lo imigudu sesibini uMofokeng wabafundi abalishumi elinambini.

Hydra: Biology

ukukwazi High ukufumana kwakhona iindawo elahlekileyo omzimba okanye ngokutsha yi uphawu ahlambulukileyo hydra. Esi silwanyana emele uhlobo coelenterates. Ngoko ke yintoni a hydra? Le liqhubu amanzi enye, siku yokuphila ngazo apha.

iimpawu ngokubanzi coelenterates

Njengabo bonke coelenterate, Hydra yi ubomi emanzini. It ithanda nzulu echibini, ichibi okanye umlambo nosebenzela encinane, nto leyo evumela ukuba sidityaniswe kwizityalo, okanye izinto kufuphi-ezantsi.

Iiklasi inikezwe Hydroids coelenterates, jellyfish kunye polyp. Ngokuba bonke abameli bazo luphawulwa macala iphiramidi ebonisa okanye iphiramidi. Olu phawu noshowo ezinxulumene ukuphila umzimba. Xa iziko lomzimba sesilwanyana uyakwazi ukubeka ingongoma yengqikelelo macala onke ukuze ubambe imitha.

Zonke coelenterates zizilwanyana multicellular, kodwa musa ezingeyo emzimbeni. umzimba yabo imelwe iileya ezimbini iiseli zizodwa. Ibekwe ngaphakathi sayo isisu, apho ukwetyisa ukutya. kwiiklasi ezahlukileyo coelenterates nendlela eyahlukileyo yokuphila:

• Hydroids eziqhotyoshelwe zeendawana esebenzisa intende kwaye single.
• polyp nayo esisigxina, kodwa uhlobo amathanga kumakhulu amawaka abantu.
• Jellyfish ngenkuthalo ukudada kwikholam emanzini. Ngelo xesha linye kwanciphisa intsimbi kunye namanzi zityhalelwa ngamandla. Esi sindululo kuthiwa izidubuli.

isakhiwo umzimba

Umzimba angenawo hydra ikhangeleka ngathi micingeni. isiseko sayo kuthiwa kuphela. Nalo kwenzeka uncamathiselo zezilwanyana izinto kwamanzi. Ekupheleni malunga somzimba ukuvulwa umlomo engqongwe nemisipha. Oku kukhokelela kungena sayo emathunjini.

Hydra udonga umzimba luqulathe ezimbini iimaleko iiseli. Le ngaphandle kuthiwa ectoderm. Le nto ndiyibhalayo ulusu kunye izihlunu, luvo, aphakathi kunye neeseli ehlabayo. Umaleko engaphakathi, okanye endoderm kwasekwa ezinye iintlobo - yokwetyisa kunye glandular. Phakathi kwezibini zomaleko somzimba a inwebu matrix extracellular ene ifomu ipleyiti.

iintlobo Cell kunye neenkqubo zobomi

Ekubeni umzimba hydra leyo ayakhekanga naziphi iithishu okanye amalungu, zonke nokomzimba yenziwa ngoncedo iiseli zizodwa. Ngenxa yoko, epithelial-eqatha ukunika intshukumo. Ewe, nangona yendlela ezisisigxina yobomi hydroid ukwazi ukuhamba. Kule yokuqala kwanciphisa iiseli epithelial-izihlunu ngelinye icala lomzimba, imfuyo "axis", umi phezu Mpondwana uze kwehlisa kwi kuphela. Loo isindululo kuthiwa ukuhamba.

Phakathi kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo epithelial-dystrophy ezi oojongiinkwenkwezi, ezimise. Ngoncedo lwabo isilwanyana ndiyabona nokushukunyiswa ukusuka kokusingqongileyo ngendlela ethile noxanduva kubo. Umzekelo, ukuba hydra yenaliti kwebala, oku kuyancipha.

esifaka Ectoderm kunye neeseli eliphakathi. Bona bayakwazi zinguquko Akumangalisi. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, zakha iiseli naluphi na uhlobo. Kuyinto ukuba abo banoxanduva kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwakhona kwezi zilwanyana. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba hydra uthole ngokupheleleyo inxalenye yayo 1/200 okanye karhulumente oluludaka-like.

Ukususela iiseli eziphakathi ibunjiwe ngesondo. Oku kwenzeka xa kuqala ekwindla. Kulo mzekelo, iqanda kunye amadlozi fuse ukwenza elilodwa, kwaye kumzimba koomama esifa. Entwasahlobo kubo ukuphuhlisa abantu abaselula. Summer hydra izalana ngokuthi yavelisa amagqabi - oyile hillock encinane, nto leyo eyandisa ubukhulu, ukufumana imisebenzi ephilayo omdala emzimbeni wakhe. Ngokukhula ngayo ukwahlula off mazigqithiselwe ubukho elizimeleyo.

Le coelenterates endoderm ibekwe iiseli yokwetyisa. Kubo kukho lwahlukane kwezondlo. A iiseli ndlala iienzymes kwi sayo isisu, ukuba ukutya iwela ziingceba. Ngoko ke, ngokuba esiveza iindidi ezimbini hydra ekugayeni. Loo maKristu abizwa ngokuba intracellular kunye isinye.

iiseli abuhlungu

Akwenzeki ukuba uphendule lo mbuzo, yintoni na hydra, ukuba wayenga- kunye awohluke ze iiseli ehlabayo. Kwindalo, zifumaneka kuphela coelenterates izilwanyana. Nabo ayakhuselwa, umonakalo babambelela nemveliso. Ngoko ke, imali yabo enkulu zilahlwa kwi nemisipha.

iseli abuhlungu iqulathe capsule kunye ngomsonto helically ejijekileyo. Phezu kwalo sakhiwo iinwele onovakalelo. Yaba buhlungu ixhoba lakhe isecaleni yi. Ngenxa yoko, obenosinga yi unwound kunye namandla ukumba emzimbeni yexhoba, ezikhubazayo kuyo.

Ngu hlobo lwamandla coelenterates, hydra ingakumbi ezizingelayo heterotrophic. Badla ezingenamqolo zasemanzini. Umzekelo, daphnia, cyclops, oligochaetes, rotifers, iintakumba, iingcongconi kombungu kunye nentlanzi Qhotsa.

coelenterates meaning

Ixabiso le hydra kwindalo ngokuyintloko kuxhomekeke kwinto yokuba isebenza zeBRT lokucoca eziphilayo. It hlamba amanzi avela amasuntswana emsebenzini, into edla. Le i iisekethe amandla ikhonkco ebalulekileyo amanzi. Ophehlwa ngu cladocerans, turbellarians nentlanzi enkulu kwama-4 cm. Mal'kov hydra ngokwayo kuchaphazela senyoka iiseli ehlabayo.

Kodwa izazinzulu mbuzo, yintoni na hydra mhlawumbi baphendule ukuba yinto eyaziwayo iimvavanyo elebhu. iinkqubo zokufunda kweemilo ezi mpawu coelenterates, amalungu esezantsi multicellular, lolu.

Ngoko ke, lo hydra amatsha emele uhlobo yeklasi Hydroids Coelenterates. Lo maleko-ezimbini isilwanyana multicellular kunye ulingano iphiramidi, umzimba wenziwa iintlobo ezininzi iiseli zizodwa.