Yintoni hijra? ixabiso A.H. for Muslims

Islam yenye leenkolo zeli lizwe, nto leyo eye abalandeli ngaphezu kwezigidi ehlabathini lonke. Kweli nqaku siza bachukumise phezu ingqiqo ebaluleke kakhulu le mfundiso, oko kukuthi, siya kuzama ukuphendula umbuzo wokuba yintoni hijra.

le nkcazelo

Kuba ingqiqo enzulu Hijra, nto leyo esiyifumana namhlanje, kukho enye ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso Islam isiganeko yimbali. Sithetha kufudukela uMprofeti Muhammad e Medina ukusuka lomthonyama eMecca wakhe. Le yokufudukela hijra ngengqiqo elifanelekileyo ilizwi. Konke oko kwezinye iinkalo kulo, ngumfanekiso zenkolo.

indaba

Ukwazi kakuhle oko Hijra, sichaza ngoku ngakumbi ngembali kwesi siganeko. Ukuze wenze oku, ukudla phambili ekuqaleni BC kwinkulungwane yesixhenxe, kunyaka 609. Kwaba ngoko wakhe wokushu- ngokwesityhilelo elitsha uThixo uthetha merchant Arabic, inzalelwane iMecca, ogama Mohammed. Uthi abe ngumprofeti, lityikitye inani amanani Biblical njengoAbraham, uMoses noYesu. umshumayeli yamabhongo ithi ixesha entsha unqulo kunye nomthetho omtsha enika abantu uSomandla ngawo. Ngelishwa umprofeti ngemihla yamva, uninzi bakuthi bakhe benamandla iminxeba ukuba ujikele iziyalezo zooyise kwaye amkele umyalezo omtsha. abantu abaninzi nje amabango Muhammad abanyulwa bakaThixo, kodwa kukho abo wamnceda bakhe noogxa ukumelana wada wamsongela kunye nokufa. Ngelishwa umprofeti ukungathandi okhethekileyo kuye iinkokheli ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkokheli zoluntu. Ubomi uluntu lokuqala yamaMuslim kakhulu enzima nzima kwiimeko ezinjalo, ngoko abanye babo baye bafudukela Ethiopia, apho bavuma yokuhlala umlawuli zamaKristu. Lo wokuqala hijra Muslims. Ngamanye amazwi, yintoni na hijra? Le nqubo, ebaleka ebubini ukuya okulungileyo, uxolo kunye nokhuseleko.

Kodwa umprofeti ngelo xesha esese ngaseMecca watshutshiswa. Ngelo xesha kwesinye isixeko, eyaziwa ngokuba Yathrib ngoko, babehlala izizwe ezibini Arabhu, usilwa phakathi kwabo. Ayesithi ke yemveli Arabhu lobuhedeni, kodwa ecaleni kubo Yathrib wahlala abameli zobuYuda ubuKristu, ngoko ke ndikuvile okwenu ukukholwa kuThixo omnye. Xa iindaba beza kubo ukuba eMecca kwabonakala ngumwisi-ntetho kwaba inkolo Arabhu, ukuba banomdla. Ukuphendula, Muhammad wathumela ukuba lo mshumayeli kwidolophu owakwaziyo ukweyisela abantu abaninzi ukulahla polytheism yooyise kwaye amkele unqulo entsha - Islam. Kwakukho ezininzi kangangokuba bade bagqiba ukubuza malunga Muhammad ukuba wafudukela ukuba isixeko waza waba yintloko karhulumente. UMprofeti yavuma. Nokuhlaliswa kuye Yathrib kwenzeka ngo-622, emva koko isixeko eyaziwa ngokuba Medina. Mohammed wathabatha ihlabathi kunye nembeko enkulu, njengoko umlawuli ephakamileyo kunye inkokeli entsha yabantu. Esi siganeko kubomi umprofeti waza waba Hijra ngengqiqo elifanelekileyo ilizwi.

inani ukufuduka

Kodwa yintoni na Hijra Muhammad ukuba Muslims yaye kutheni kubalulekile ukuba elithembekileyo? Inyaniso yokuba imfuduko ku Medina ziphawulwe kwinqanaba entsha kuphela kubomi yabucala umprofeti, kodwa kwimbali ukuyilwa yonqulo zaso. , Naye Yathrib Emva bonke baya lamaMuslim kuluntu lonke iMecca, nto leyo ngaphambili ukuba buthathaka yaye bacinezelwe. Ke kaloku, emveni kokuba Hijrah, abalandeli Islam baye namandla abaninzi. Uluntu Islamic iye yaguquka evela kwinkampani efana-nye kwi ukusekwa kwezentlalo kunye nempembelelo yomphakathi. Life ngokwayo Medina iye yatshintsha ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba ubukhulu becala abantu zobuhedeni zemveli esekelwe kubudlelwane zesizwe, ngoku baba uluntu umhlobo yokholo. Ngaphakathi Islam abantu banikwa amalungelo alinganayo, nokuba uhlanga, ubutyebi, imvelaphi okanye isikhundla ekuhlaleni. Ngamanye amazwi, yatshintsha ngokupheleleyo ubume bentlalo mzi, apho kamva kwenza ukwanda ngokubanzi Islam ehlabathini. Islamization Zizonke kumazwe amaninzi kunye neentlanga yakuMbindi Mpuma, Afrika, Asia waqalisa ukusuka Hijra Muhammad e Medina. Ngoko ke, lo mcimbi sele uhlobo benchmark kwimbali kweQur'an inkolo.

Lwangaphandle kunye hijra yangaphakathi

Kuba okokuqala emva kokuba sifudukele Medina, uMuhammad wenza okufanayo ezaziza kulandela zonke kuguquka Muslim. Ngoko, xa eMecca yoyiswa, eli ziko sele irhoxisiwe, kodwa ukususela ngoko waqalisa ekusasazeni ingcamango kuthuthwa lwangaphakathi. Yintoni hijra, senziwa umoya womntu? Yindlela yokucinga nobomi, xa umntu uyakuphepha nantoni na ephosakeleyo koko, ngokungqinelana nemithetho yamaSilamsi uthathwa lwesono. Ngoko ke, lonke ixesha bamaSilamsi ubalekele silingo isono uya olilungisa indlela yobomi, kucingwa ukuba wenza Hijrah.

Ukuvela kwiKhalenda Islamic

Emva kokufa feti, xa benkolo yamaSilamsi olawula likaCaliph Omar, waphakamisa lo mbuzo ikhalenda yophuhliso, apha naphaya ukulungiselela iimfuno unqulo. Ngenxa yoko, ukukhanya wabizwa isigqibo malunga nemvume ikhalenda kwenyanga. A njengesiqalo ikhalenda omtsha wavunywa ukuba ukujonga yokufuduka Muhammad e Medina. Ukususela ngoko de kube lixesha langoku ngayo lubhiyozelwa Islamic New Year of Hijrah.

Iimpawu ikhalenda Muslim

Njengoko kwikhalenda yemveli, Islamic iquka iinyanga ezilishumi elinambini oko kubhaliweyo Koran nokuba. Ekubeni le nkqubo isekelwe imijikelo kwenyanga, ngomnyaka, ngoko kukho iintsuku 354 okanye 355, hayi 365 njengoko kwikhalenda elanga. Yeyiphi inyanga i Hijra kunokuqala ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, kunye akukho nyaka ixesha reference. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ezine kweenyanga ezilishumi elinambini ekubhekiselelwe owalela yaye zibaluleke ngokukhethekileyo ubomi amakholwa. Xa ndiqukumbela, kufuneka kunokuthiwa Hijra inyanga, okt kuNyaka oMtsha ngokwe maxesha Muslim akukho iholide ngengqiqo yaseYurophu ilizwi. Abalandeli Islam musa eziphawula isiqalo umjikelo omtsha. Kubo, esi siganeko, Noko ke, ukhonza benyhwalaza ukwenza anze kunye nexesha elihle ukuthatha stock nokwenza izicwangciso zexesha elizayo.