Iba ngakumbi zithandwa ngakumbi noyilo electronic umxholo. Sinikela ingqalelo yakho inqaku uya kukuxelela into lokuprograma microcontrollers kwabasaqalayo.
Yintoni microcontrollers apho?
Okokuqala, kufuneka ukuchaza imeko microcontrollers. Inyaniso ukuba zavelisa akukho niqinile mnye, kodwa eziliqela, ngoko kukho into eninzi microcontrollers ezahlukeneyo, okuye izicwangciso ezahlukeneyo, iimpawu ezahlukeneyo ukusetyenziswa kunye amathuba ezahlukeneyo. Ahluke nesantya yokusebenza, ujongano ezongezelelweyo kunye nenani impompo. Ethandwa kakhulu kulo lonke elalisakuba yiSoviet Union abangabameli RІS kunye AVR. Programming AVR and RІS kulula, nto leyo yayiqinisekisa udumo lwabo.
Njengoko microcontrollers ziye zahlelwa?
Lwenkqubo microcontrollers ikhutshwa phandle, ngokuqhelekileyo ngoncedo bezixhobo ezizodwa, ebizwa badwelisi benkqubo. Program ingaba okuzithandelayo okanye ithengwe okanye. Kodwa xa firmware microcontroller usebenzisa wenkqubo ithuba ekhaya ukuba iya kuba "ngezitena", Kuyinto phezulu. Kukho ukhetho ngakumbi ukuba siqwalasele umzekelo ibhodi "Arduino". Ibhodi isebenza MC Atmel kaThixo, yaye oko kwenziwa lwenkqubo microcontrollers AVR. Ibhodi sele bootloader kunye USB port pre-lwaluthungwa ezivumela ukusetyenziswa ekhuselekileyo flash microcontroller, enika unikezelo umsebenzisi data enokuthi ibe MC ibhetele ukukhubaza. Lwenkqubo microcontrollers kwabasaqalayo ayikho nje kunzima oko kunokubonakala kunzima, kwakunye nobuchule ethile nobuchule kunisindisa kokuba aye kufuna ezintsha.
Hardware iyantlukwano microcontrollers ezahlukeneyo
Xa ukhetha microcontroller kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ezinye mahluko iintsimbi abakho iinkampani ezahlukeneyo, kwaye kuluhlu yohlobo olufanayo. Ukuqala ukunikela ingqalelo ukukwazi ukubhala i data kwi microcontroller. Olu hlobo luza kuvumela ukwenza omnye elide MC. Kwakhona qaphela ukuba inani izikhonkwane ukuya khona. Musa ukushiya, kwaye rhoqo yikristale elisebenzayo le nkqubo: oko kuchaphazela inani imisebenzi yesibini nganye, nto leyo yenza microcontroller. Ngosuku loviwo ezi mpawu, kwakunye memory IC ababonakala ukuba akukho nto ekrelekrele microcontroller ayikwazi ukukwenza, kodwa oku kungachananga. Khumbula ukuba microcontrollers lwenkqubo kwabasaqalayo kufuna izixhobo zamawonga ekuqaleni, kodwa yolondolozo, kwaye uyakwazi ukuthatha into enamandla ngakumbi.
Iilwimi of microcontrollers iinkqubo
Le microcontroller isetyenziswa njenge ezimbini iilwimi lokuprograma: C / C ++ kunye assembler. Nganye kuzo ineendlela zayo kunye neengxaki. Ngoko ke, xa sithetha ngalo assembler, loo nto yenza kube lula ukwenza yonke luyacolwa kwaye ngokuchanekileyo, kubaluleke ngakumbi xa awunalo RAM ngokwaneleyo okanye amandla okusebenza (leyo, ngokuzenzekelayo, kakhulu ezinqabileyo). Kodwa uphando lwakhe nokubhala kuyo iinkqubo zifuna elininzi umgudu, ixesha nokufika ngexesha. Ngoko ke, uphuhliso ngokusekelwe microcontrollers ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa iilwimi iinkqubo C no C ++. Bona kuqondwe ngcono yi ifomu kunye nesakhiwo zizinto intetho yabantu kufutshane, nangona musa ukumela yena ngengqiqo epheleleyo. Kananjalo sibe iimpawu kakhulu kakuhle eziphandwe enokuthi ngokulula banxibelelane yentsimbi, ecinga ukuba lo nto nje le nkqubo. Ngokuba zonke izinto zayo ngokucacileyo C no C ++, ukudala inkqubo ngaphezulu ezintathu-ntathu, kunokuba ibandla ulwimi.
Kwakhona, kwezinye iimeko, xa kusetyenziswa indawo ezibalulekileyo yokusebenza, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukudibanisa ezi lwimi. Phantse zonke bume yophuhliso ye C no C ++ uyakwazi ukufaka i inkqubo ifaka assembler. Ngoko ke, ukuba ingxaki kwenzeka kwisiza ukugxeka ukubhala assembler faka nokuhlanganisa kwindawo firmware ukuba microcontroller kunye firmware ngokwayo, okanye mandithi, inkoliso ukuba ubhale C okanye C ++. Microcontroller senkqubo e C kulula, ngoko abantu abaninzi bakhetha ezi lwimi. Kodwa abo ningoyiki nobunzima ufuna ukuqonda peculiarity kwezixhobo zokusebenza, ungazama isandla sabo kunye assembler.
amazwi okugqibela
Ukuba kukho umnqweno kancinane microcontrollers, kuhle. Thina nje sicebisa kuphela umonde, nomonde wakho, emva koko zonke iinjongo ezibekwe phambi kokuba umsunguli, kuya kuba kwenzeke. Lwenkqubo microcontrollers kwabasaqalayo kunye nabantu anamava kubonakala ezahlukeneyo: kunzima wabaqalayo, i onamava - lwesiqhelo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - khumbula ukuba yonke into ingaphikisani nemithetho yemvelo, kunokwenzeka yaye isigqibo.