Xa ukuqokelela galo? Indlela yokutyala galo

YeHops ezininzi abantu ezinxulumene le beer; Eneneni, kungenxa icandelo phambili ethululwayo ethandwa kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu. Kaninzi xa ikhula le sityalo umbuzo ubhalo othi: xa ukuqokelela galo? Kanaplyou ikolu hlobo, yaye namhlanje siyazi ezimbini ngohlobo lwayo: izinto Japanese kunye esiqhelekileyo, kunayo yonke ngenxa imfuno kushishino lwe nokupheka.

Galo: umhlobo zokuhombisa kuluncedo okanye ukhula iyingozi?

YeHops, ukusetyenziswa oye wafumana indawo yalo ezahlukeneyo zamashishini (medical, iziqholo, izithambiso, ekhemesti, ukuveliswa kweemveliso enkonkxiweyo, yokubhaka), ngokwembali sele ingqalelo eziyinzalelwane kuMbindi Mpuma. EYurophu, esi sityalo isithethe amaGrike namaRoma. Ekukhathaleleni indlu ngaphandle galo ukhula zasendle yaye iguqulelwa ibe mhlaseli yokwenene, apho kunzima kakhulu lokurhoxa. Ngoko ke, oko kudla iintshinyela ezishinyeneyo kunokubonwa iimbombo qelele isitiya, apho isandla woMntu nje bangafumani ngalo, nto leyo ebangela lokoyisa asisigxina imimandla emitsha zezityalo ezingalawulekiyo.

Maxa wambi, njengoko kuchasene "indlela akhule ngcileza" umba iphakamisa omnye - "nendlela yokuzifumana nto?"

Ngokubonelela galo eyiyo Ukunakekelwa into zokuhombisa onyaka Iingqameko, iingcingo, nezibonda. Ingakumbi look encomekayo ngayo sijinga iikhowuni eluhlaza, ezo enxulumene izivatho original zokuhombisa. Xa ukuqokelela izixhobo hop?

Yangaphandle features izityalo

Galo eziqhelekileyo uyakwazi ukukhula kwindawo enye engama-20 kwaye luphawulwa uhambahamba lianopodobnym stem kunye inkqubo ixesha elide iingcambu ingena umhlaba kubunzulu oziimitha-4, kunye sangqa iintsali malunga neemitha ezi-3. Kumila engundoqo i ityholo yokuphuma komhlaba, rhoqo ukwakha namaqhina (isiseko ukuyilwa amahlumelo amatsha), ebezimisele ngakumbi lo ngunyaka wesine zokukhula. kulinywe Cultural galo na intshabalalo rhoqo zeentsholongwane ezininzi ukuze kuthintelwe ukwanda kwalo ye etyholweni. Ukuze uqonde xa ukuqokelela galo, kufuneka ezinye ukuqonda le isityalo awohluke yayo.

Ngeziqu hop eyayizalwa, wayifulela iinwele, zaveza umbala oluhlaza okanye zifuna ukuba ngqombela, ubukhulu ifikelela kubantu abamalunga nama-13 mm. Tyala linokufikelela kubude kwama-10 kweemitha kwaye inkqubo yokukhula unamathela inkxaso ngokusebenzisa amaqhosha ebhutsi kryuchkopodobnyh ibekwe ecaleni esikhondweni lijongene ngamasebe ecaleni, amagqabi kunye petioles.

Flowers of galo zikhiwa inflorescences ezincinane (ngamaqhosha 20-60) kukho amaqhuma kunye nokukhula imidiliya ababhinqileyo. izityalo Male ezizo na amanqathana, kuba yintoni badla kutshatyalaliswa. Iziqhamo omdaka ezincinane nuts. Imbewu nazo ezincinane kakhulu: iziqwenga 1,000 zalishumi ukususela nge-2 ukuya ku-4 grams. ezincinci - zuba amagqabi ifomu serdtsepodobnuyu kwi indawo ephakathi zesityalo wona amakhulu, phezulu nasezantsi esetyholweni kuye. Icala aphezulu umbala emnyama oluhlaza, umzantsi - khaphu kwaye iqulathe amadlala secreting neeoli ezixabisekileyo kunye nentlaka. Inxalenye phezulu esitholeni kwisityalo ubomi konyaka omnye yaye ofela kokwindla, ngokwahlukileyo kwindlela iingcambu ixesha elide.

Iimpawu kulinywe

Indlela ukuze akhule kwaye xa ukuqokelela galo? Nokulinywa galo eziveliswa kwimimandla esezantsi. Ukudala indibano ngobuninzi-ekuthiwa Khmelniki ndawo 20-30 eehektare, yahlulwe yaba izikwere ngamnye, phakathi neziwela 3-4 umkhondo imitha. Nganye iseti kwihektare iintsika 145-150 (8-9 eemitha ubude), kuba isixhobo trellises. Ukuze akhusele imimoya iyabanda izityalo onxilileyo etyalwe kufuphi imiyezo, amabhanti amahlathi kunye ihlathi. Ezicwangcisiweyo kwindawo isityalo evulekileyo kwangaphambili (isibini iminyaka) cased windbreak umqolo-2-3 zemithi ngokukhawuleza olukhula, ukuwabeka phezu kungqameko ekoko kumgama oziimitha ezingama-20.

Landing: ekhayeni kunye nobungakanani mveliso

Chmielnik Bookmark wenziwa kwi medium, wavuma podzolic, bazipheka kunye namazwe ihlathi kwamanzi; akufuneki ibe kufutshane kumphezulu womhlaba komhlaba. Ukutyala na ningazicenti okanye kuleyo galo ezikhuliselwe zokukhulisa yenziwe. Ubunzulu bokutyala, nekucetyiswa ngo-Apreli nangoMeyi, ngu 8-10 cm.

Ekhaya, uyahlwayela kwenziwa kwi-mgaqo, kodwa isikali ezincinane. Ngenxa yoko, isityalo kufuneka zinike kumhlaba kakuhle amanzi, indawo enelanga, kunye nenkxaso apho uya alawule. Ngenxa yokugqibela, ungasebenzisa i ucingo okanye udonga ekhaya naye kumtya oneengxaki. Emva kokutyala kucetyiswa yamanzi amaninzi.

Isithombo ukuvela ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka kwiintsuku 7-10 emva kokutyala. Emva kokuba afike ukuphakama isityalo 50-60 cm lufakwa kwi Isiqu backup kunye friable wabalimi kwezitulo (scale mveliso). Ngexesha lokukhula yenziwa 4-5 fluffing ongaphezulu kunye earthing omnye. Ukukhula kwinkqubo ingcambu ngcileza iyakuvingca kunyaka wesibini zokukhula. spring Early elima nasentshonalanga ezenziwe, ukusika iingcambu osecaleni komhlaba lezikhinkci kunyaka ophelileyo; ku kwizityalo phambili kakhulu, bamnqumla yonke indlela, enamandla ngokwaneleyo - on kwisibini sokuqala okanye sesibini ngamehlo.

Ukutyebisa kunye nokhathalelo

Emva kokuba afike ukuphakama izityalo yeemitha 3-4 kufuneka ukuba umgquba nezichumiso yayo phosphorus-potassium ngomlinganiselo 30-45 kg kwihektare 1 nganye. iikhowuni kuphelile ukuvuna kungenziwa ngcono ngokusebenzisa pasynkovaniya - kuphungulwe amasebe ezongezelelweyo osecaleni kumgama-3 cm ukusuka esiqwini engundoqo.

Endleleni, wenza ukuncothulwa kwizityalo ezonakeleyo okanye abafileyo kanye kokwehla kwi kwiimeko zabo ezintsha indawo. Kwi-avareji, ha-1 (andayo zorhwebo) iwela 14-16 amawaka kwamatyholo. Emva uwashiye kunye kwezichumiso wavelisa sokhula ukubulala ukhula.

Veliswa kanye ukufakelwa galo

Ukufakela zokuhlala galo, inxalenye engentla apho ufa phambi kuqala ebusika, oko sinako ukuvelisa entwasahlobo okanye kokwindla. Ukulungiselela le njongo isityalo ukumba kundikhohlile; ukuze ukhethe iingcambu kakhulu esempilweni ubatyale emseleni eyenziweyo umgama kwimitha 1 ukusuka komnye. Xa becwangcisa isifundo iingcambu spring kokutyala Kucetyiswa ukuba kwiphakheji, kunye umthamo omncinane somhlaba kunye esisesweni, kwaye gcina efrijini.

YeHops kungenziwa ezityalwe izithole sapling, apho wonqanyulwa, ukususela kwiminyaka emithathu ubudala kunye nezityalo abadala. Imbewu galo asetyenziswa nokukotshwa ezininzi abalimi ngenjongo lokuba zikhe kwiintlobo ezintsha.

Xa ukuqokelela galo?

Ekukhuleni izixhobo ngcileza basoloko bengaphuhlanga ngokulinganayo, ukuvuna kunokwenziwa ekupheleni kuka-Agasti ukuya ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba. Xa ukuqokelela izixhobo hop? Ukuze wenze oku ukufumanisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuvuthwa kwazo, imiqondiso leyo phambi ngumgubo mthubi, ezifana umungu, isongo ethile, ingxinano elungileyo, omthubi, oluhlaza, bract emdaka; ishq kufuneka ibe linyathelo eqondisa. Yaba ngeli xesha cone ziqulathe zesixa oli ezingundoqo, Alpha-asidi, polyphenols. Kwiifama wokucoca hmelevodcheskih iphela ngasekupheleni kuSeptemba; emva kwexesha ne umkhondo yokuvuna yokuncipha kwenani umgangatho walo ngenxa iinkozo lupulin angawokubhuda.

impahla eluhlaza Iimpawu yokomisa

Emva ngokuqokelela cone ukuba zome, kungenjalo impahla ekrwada ngokukhawuleza aze olubalulekileyo kodwa nokupheka. abawenzayo Ekhaya badla ukusebenzisa le yomile iziqhamo neenkowane, okanye eziko oluqhelekileyo. Ukuveliswa elikhulu galo, equlethe amanzi malunga nama-80%, ngoko nangoko emva kokuvuna umoya oshushu-moya, ngoko lomiswa oveni ezizodwa. Wokwaphusa kufuneka kupheliswa xa likhaba le amaqhuma iba krobo. yimazi kufuneka umbala omthubi noluhlaza kwaye kukubola phantse ikhaphukhaphu oko efana iphepha wecuba. Kule meko, kula maqhuqhuva kufuneka kuyityumza, wayifaka engxoweni yeplastiki kunye nendawo efrijini, apho baya balinde ithuba labo. Yandile industrial umbandela ekrwada igcinwe kwimihlathi polyethylene okanye jute iingxowa hmelepriomnyh okanye hmelefabrikah apho ekugqibeleni wasiwa standard emarikeni.

Emva collection of izixhobo ngcileza, ekwindla, watsha kwiindiza nezityalo kunqunyulwa, ezisuka kummandla ngenjongo lokutshisa. Khmelniki ngenyameko icocwe zeentsalela uhlaza, ukwenza engumgquba (umgquba okanye isichumiso) kunye neemveliso potassium-phosphorus.

galo eziqhelekileyo

galo Brewer

Grade sisityalo eliphezulu elikhulu ukuba incasa noxhamla ubuncwane. Ibhumbulu-side imilo zezindlu, ngokomlinganiselo, ngokwaneleyo zamahlathi; kuwo ityholo elincinane. YeHops, ukusetyenziswa apho kwishishini utywala kwaye kumalungiselelo amachiza hmelesoderzhaschih ebanzi ngokwaneleyo linamandla kakhulu sisifo, yingqele ngaphandle, zokuxinana kwamanzi, imbalela. Ithuba uhlaza - iintsuku 115.

galo Triumph

Ngesinye isihlandlo ukukhula kwiminyaka eli-15 okanye ngaphezulu, ukumelana zokuxinana kwamanzi, imbalela kunye iqabaka. Oku banokuchaphazeleka wenkukhu isigcawu. Oku lubonakala, livumba ubuncwane, esetyenziswa iyasondela nokulungiswa ejolise ekufumaneni zimise bagxila.