Izinambuzane kunye nezifo marrows yemifuno

Nkqu inkcubeko kakhulu nabalulamileyo zifuna uncedo, yaye usoloko uthandwa begadi kufuneka asebenze nzima ukuze zikhule isivuno esihle. cottagers kakhulu inkathazo beninikela zucchini sifo, kwaye nkqu izinambuzane nesifo. Ukumelana nazo, utshaba kufuneka bazi umntu, oko kukuthi. E. Ukuba ukufunda iinkcukacha ezinokuthi ezisongela izityalo kunye nendlela ukulwa nayo.

Izinto ezibangela izifo

Umthombo losulelo idla, umngundo kunye neentsholongwane. Ngoxa emhlabeni, isityalo ubunzima ukusuka komnye unyaka ukuya komnye. Usulelo luchaphazela zonke cucurbits, kwaye eyona nto ibuhlungu yabo - zucchini. Izifo ngamagqabi, iziqhamo kunye nezinye iindawo ezi zityalo zenzeka, ngokuqhelekileyo xa kubanda naxa kunetha.

Negalelo kuphuhliso nezifo ezininzi yezizathu: .. kokuphakama itshintsha ubushushu imini nobusuku, ukungabikho izinto umkhondo, ngokuloqa kakhulu okanye, phezu koko, xa belele zaneleyo komhlaba, ukunkcenkceshela amanzi abandayo kakhulu, njl A umlinganiselo olungileyo lokunqanda ukungqinelana ukutyebisa ngexesha kunye umthamo, ukugcina ukufuma ku efunekayo, uneHIV. Xa ongcolileyo evaliweyo ukuthintela sincoma usebenzisa isisombululo iblitshi ukwenza kweentsholongwane. Kufuneka ngoko nangoko i modem ayisebenzi iimpawu asakhulayo nasiphi zucchini izifo unyango ukuqalisa ngaphandle kokulibazisa.

anthracnose

Ukusuka kuyo ubunzima zonke iindawo phantsi kwisityalo. Esi sifo uqala kumiswa ngokubanzi elirhangqiweyo emagqabini amabala etyheli-brown, leyo ezihamba phezu iziqhamo nezikhondo apho bafumana lume. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ummandla kwimimandla echaphazelekayo liyenyuka, ukuba kuvela uqweqwe mucoid. Sishiya Babune yoko, kunye neziqhamo kubuna, abe incasa ekrakra ibola. Iimpawu ze anthracnose phezu inxalenye carcinomas kwisityalo - kanga ibonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba isityalo uyafa. Oku kunegalelo kuphuhliso sifo, ukufuma kwemfuneko kunye ukunkcenkceshelwa ngexesha lishushu lemini.

Anthracosis ivame izityalo ezilinywa zokugcina kunye zokugcina, nangona ngamagciwane phantse naluphi endle squash izifo (kunye ifoto yesityalo abanesi sifo ingafumaneka ngezantsi) uzive embi kakhulu. Usulelo lwenzeka kulo lonke eli xesha lokukhula.

Adala ngayo kubuzinzisa izityalo bagula ixesha elide, ubusika kumncono yayo. ulawulo losulelo kuyehla kube nokukhethwa ngenyameko izithole kunye nonyango imbewu. Ukongeza, bonke abasuleleke izityalo kwaye emva koko ukuba intsholongwane abamba kufuneka isuswe ngoko nangoko. Kuyanceda ukumelana nesi sifo Bordeaux umxube okanye sulphur colloid.

ukubola emhlophe

Iquka neziqu, amagqabi zesityalo ashinyeneyo touch emhlophe. Le fruiting Izidumbu sclerotia ngundo, nto leyo ke arhente causative le zucchini sifo (ekhanyayo kwaye ezivaliweyo uziva ngundo kakuhle ngokulinganayo). esiqwini sesityalo yonakele kuthambisa, amagqabi abune, nesiqhamo ijike ibe mass pasty. Isifo isasazeka ngokuthi kubanda naxa kunetha, ingakumbi xa emhlabeni anquma ngamandla. Okunye bangenwe kuyo squashes ngexesha fruiting. Usulelo into ngokugqibeleleyo ugcinwe kwi lomhlaba kunye yentsalela yezityalo ezonakeleyo. Ungcoliseko kunokwenzeka ngendlela eyahlukileyo kakhulu - ngokusebenzisa ukungena komoya, umonakalo ngexesha yesondlo.

Lahla ukubola white unako ukutshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo kuphela iinxalenye eyosulelekileyo zesityalo, prisypaya yesihloko eso basinqumla yamalahle kuzonwaya okanye isiqingatha-point nesisombululo sulfate yobhedu. Kuyanceda ukuthintela isifo ukhula ngexesha ukucoca, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi olufudumeleyo unkcenkceshelo, yokuvundisa kwamagqabi akungeze eziquka sulfate lobhedu, izinc sulfate kunye urea ngomlinganiselo 2 g, 1 g ne-10 g, ngokulandelelana, ngamnye 10 litre yamanzi. Iinxalenye esiqwini, nto leyo ibonwa Imiqondiso ukuvela amhlophe-rot kuphela, ungenza wazisula isiziba cotton wool, afefe ngetshokhwe olungumgubo okanye namalahle.

ngumngundo gray

Ngokuqhelekileyo eyenzeka zamaqanda abaselula, ngoko badlula emagqabini. Iinxalenye achaphazelekileyo zesityalo baba anzongonzongo, wathambisa yaye sigqunywe touch ya hina. Phantsi ifilimu kakhulu kungenzeka ukuba ubunzima kule zucchini abolileyo. Izifo endle lakwaZulu ngokuqhelekileyo kuphela ngexesha izantyalantyala zemvula okanye ngeentsuku ezibandayo.

Lwegciwane botrytis ngowona mthombo osulelo. Uyakwazi ukuqhubeka emhlabeni ukuya kuma kwiminyaka emibini. Ukuba negalelo ukusasazeka kwezifo kunye nezinambuzane ekuhamba spores ngundo ukusuka kwisityalo esithile ukuya kwesinye.

Lumkisa Ukubola gray, njengazo zonke izifo zucchini, kuphela ukuba sigcina imithetho crop, etshabalalisa ukhula ngendlela efanelekileyo, nokwenza sokondliwa kuyimfuneko. Qhuma isizalo isityalo ezichaphazelekayo libuna amagqabi kufuneka zisuswe ngoko nangoko.

ukubola kweengcambu

Kaninzi oku sifo kwenzeka emhlabeni ezikhuselweyo. Ebonakaliswa yokuba iingcambu kuqala ukuba mnyama, uziphekuzayo ngokuthe ngcembe iba brawuni esiqwini. amagqabi Lower tyheli kubuna. Ukubola kweengcambu sifo izityalo buthathaka. Phantsi kweemeko ezinzima, ukuba ngundo ekumfimfitheni achaphazelekayo ngakumbi. Ukuba negalelo sifo lokulima kwangethuba kakhulu, ubushushu obugqithisileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi abandayo unkcenkceshelo, ukufuma agqithisileyo emhlabeni. Oku kwakunye nezinye iintlobo ukubola - evame izifo zucchini. Le ulwe nabo lwenziwa malunga efanayo kwaye ithobelana ne ubugcisa ezolimo, kwamagciwane lomhlaba, ukugcina isiqulatho esithile sokufuma komhlaba.

powdery mildew

Esi sifo okokuqala kuchaphazela emagqabini esityalo. Zenza evakalala amabala ongwevu nebhodi, leyo kungekudala ukuhlanganiswa, nesambatho neziqu. Nguwo lowo sporulation le ngundo, nto leyo arhente causative zesi sifo. Bemba inkqubo yefotosinthesis, ukufunxa izondlo, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuthoba izivuno. Senziwe kleystokarpii bakwazi osulele izityalo kwixesha elilandelayo. Mkhuhlane zigcinwe ngokupheleleyo ngexesha lasebusika, ukuchitha oko kwiintsalela ukhula. Ukususela kwixesha yosulelo kwaye phambi kokuba iimpawu zokuqala zokugula, kuthatha malunga 3-4 iintsuku.

Uninzi bayahlupheka ukusuka squash angumgubo nangexoshomba, xa kukho ukuhla elibukhali ukufuma, agqithisile izichumisi nitrogen, yamanzi azanelanga.

Phepha le sifo kuba, ukuba esusa ngexesha, emva kokuvuna ukususa yonke ingqushu izityalo kunye nomhlaba ukuze ungene nzulu. Xa uphawu lokuqala ukoyiswa yi ngundo kufuneka ziphathwe isityalo nayiphi na amayeza zilandelayo:

• sulphur Colloidal - ku-40 100 g sulfarida 10 litre yamanzi ngenxa yezolimo zokugcina.
• emhlabeni Grey.
• "Izofenom" (ngokuba zokugcina - 60 g 10 eelitha zamanzi).
• Nokufakwa mullein. Kulungiselwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: 1 kg umgquba ukuba ugalele amanzi (3 L) kwaye ushiye ukudlulisa iintsuku ezi-3. Isisombululo ke ecociweyo kunye sobisi phambi kokuba unyango ngamanzi (1: 3).
• Begadi owasebenzisa eqhelekileyo potassium permanganate spray - 1.5 g potassium permanganate neelitha ezi-10 zamanzi.

peronosporosis

Squash le sifo sifo nanini na ubudala. Ekuqaleni, amaqhekeza amabala setyhula kubonakala umbala otyheli oluhlaza, ngokuthe ngcembe zijika zibe mdaka. Kungekudala baqala ukuba atshe kwaye ukuwa. izabelo Sporulation ibekwe ecaleni esezantsi sheet kwaye ngeso lenyama ebomvu. Esi sifo senzeka kwixesha Wakhula enzima, inkungu, xa ukufuma kakhulu eliphezulu. Lwegciwane kungaba sisinde kule emhlabeni iminyaka eliqela.

Ukuze banyamezele sifo iintsholongwane kuphela okanye ezitshintshwayo lomhlaba iyonke. Enye amanyathelo othintelo ke lwaqala rhoqo abamba okanye greenhouse.

Askohitoz

Iarhente causative ichaphazela amagqabi kunye nezikhondo kwezityalo. Ekuqaleni, bakha iindawo nombala, leyo kungekudala wambu amachaphaza amnyama. Usulelo uqala umthetho, kunye amagqabi asezantsi, leyo ukufumana ngaphantsi kulo lonke ihlabathi, yaye ngokuthe ngcembe enambuzelayo ukuya phezulu. Ngokuphawulekayo ngayo isivuno zucchini kwesi sifo esibi. Iziqhamo ekupheleni ixesha wasindisa kancinane - bosulelwe ngundo, bakhawuleza baya yome babuye emnyama. Izizathu zokugula ubushushu obugqithisileyo ngokubanzi, ukufuma eliphezulu lihlala ukuqina ngokugqithiseleyo.

Lahla lo ezinzwaneni kunokwenzeka, ukuphelisa yamanzi ngokugqithiseleyo, hayi ubuncinane kulahlwa kwangethuba izityalo sifo. nakujoliso olutsha Small kwanele netshokhwe olungumgubo umgubo wengqolowa oxutywe sulfate ubhedu kwi ngokomlinganiselo we-1: 1. Le ndlela yokulinganisa iza kuthintela ukusasazeka kwesifo.

ngumngundo abamnyama

Ngomhla amagqabi amabala irusi amancinci kunokubonwa ekuqaleni, leyo ekugqibeleni etshintsha abe patina emnyama. Le imbewu ngundo. Ngcembe lamina phantsi ome ibala kwaye ibonakala, eyenza bakowabo umngxuma. Kumisa uphuhliso iziqhamo. Lahla lo zucchini Isifo kuphela zivutha ngokupheleleyo izityalo eyosulelekileyo.

kube Fusarium

Mkhuhlane Umhlaba pathogen leyo ingene kwinkqubo iingcambu, ngokulima izityalo kwizikhongozeli. Ngenxa yoko ezibolileyo stem esisekweni. Amagqabi anxibé amabala, ibunile izityalo lufe ligqobha indlu le. Unokuyiphelisa le ngxaki kuphela ngokupheleleyo replacement lomhlaba. Ngenjongo zothintelo kufuneka elandela imigaqo ubugcisa lwezolimo ngendlela ngexesha ukutshabalalisa ukhula kule ndawo.

bacteriosis

Ekuqaleni kwesi sifo luphawulwa ukubonakala phezu cotyledons yaye ziyinyaniso amagqabi izilonda brown. Kwi iziqhamo kwenzeka kwakhona (kuphela ubungakanani amancinane umbala omdaka), ekhokelela esime zabo. Bacteriosis ungase uqhubeke ixesha elide kwi zeentsalela zezityalo kunye nembewu. Iqala ukuba bachubeka utshintsho obushushu ngokukhawuleza nokufuma ngokugqithiseleyo. Ukusasazeka kwesifo negalelo izinambuzane, amathontsi amanzi kunye amasuntswana yezityalo bosulelekile. Kakhulu kwabuchaphazela isivuno zucchini sesi sifo. Impendulo apho kufuneka ukuba ibandakanye unyango zembewu kunye zinc sulphate. Bona zibekwe isisombululo 0,02% ngosuku, ngoko komiswa kancinane. Izityalo e uphawu yokuqala bacteriosis wamphatha Bordeaux umxube (10 g sulfate yobhedu ikalika) kunye umbala - oxychloride zezobhedu.

izifo egazini

Kaninzi baphathwa zucchini kunye cucumber mosaic ithanga. Xa oku Ichaphazela ikakhulu amagqabi.

Cucumber mosaic wabonisa amabala ezincinane omthubi noluhlaza. Emva kwethutyana amagqabi zijonge, kunye hillocks akhiwa phakathi mithambo. ukukhula Plant lingancipha, yaye phantse musa ukuyekelela. Zeziphi igcina izifo ukhula ingaphelelwayo - iingcambu yentsholongwane kuyinyamezela zabo kakuhle kakhulu ebusika. Ngenxa imbewu ayikwazi nemithi. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, yonke ekulweni amathumba phantsi ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula.

Xa amagqabi ithanga kaMoses nazo kuhlawulwa yi iindawo lokuqala ukukhanya-eluhlaza. Kodwa ke iziphelo yegazi babe abadumileyo emiphethweni, okt. A. Ukukhula blade igqabi kabukhali kwathotha phantsi. Nenyama yayo ngamanye amaxesha ashiye ngokupheleleyo. Lo mkhuhlane esi sifo sisasazwa ngembewu. Uyakwazi ukuqhubeka iminyaka eliqela kubo. Phambi kokutyala, kucetyiswa ukuba ukufudumeza imbewu kubushushu ka 50-60 ⁰S iintsuku ezintathu.

izinambuzane

izifo nje kuphela zucchini (endle), ukulwa esifuna umgudu omkhulu, ndihlisa ezininzi zabalimi lembandezelo. Iimpuku badla ngokutya imbewu wireworms kunye iinyenzane nolovane ubunzima emthini. Noko ke, inkoliso umonakalo lisetyenziswe izinambuzane.

aphis gossypii

ezidla balo bachitha ebusika doti izityalo kunye nefom entwasahlobo lonke kuyo. It Akwandise ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, unika inzala ka-20 ngexesha ngalinye. Ukuze ubhabha usuka iintwala zinamaphiko, yaye yena, ukuba akwazi ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza, owanyayo nezakhi incindi zucchini, ngokonakalisa kwamagqabi nezikhondo. Iinxalenye achaphazelekileyo zesityalo ngokuthe ngcembe yaye naxa zikhubazekile. Ukuba uthathe ingqalelo nathi yintoni isifo lihamba squash intwala kwaoko kweminquba kucacile ukuba ukulwa nalo kufuneka wenziwe nzulu. Ukuthintela ayehlasela kwezinambuzane inceda ekutshatyalalisweni zonke iintsalela zesityalo emva kokuvuna zomhlaba ukumba ngenyameko. Xa efumanise iintwala balahle loo nto iya kunceda nokuhlanganiswa ekrakra cayenne pepper. ukuba iphekwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Mix pepper, triturated (30 g), isepha engamanzi (1 tbsp ..) Yaye iinkuni ash (3 tbsp ..). Lo mxube yahlaliswa exutywe neelitha ezi-10 zamanzi ifakwe emini, uze emva lokuhluza ungaqhubeka wokutshiza kwizityalo. uncedo Good kunye decoctions kunye infusions amagqabi zamazambane, itswele Ixolo, icuba.

spider indle

Ezi zinambuzane zincinane kakhulu (hayi ngaphezulu kwe 0.4 mm) ingabangela umonakalo abasisigxina kwisityalo. Bona ikoloni izityalo ngokukhawuleza imihla efudumeleyo iyeza, zibekwe phezu elingaphantsi amagqabi aselula kwaye lusidla kwiseli incindi. Apho kwaye zizala amaqanda apho kwindawo kuvela ngeveki. leaf umonakalo ifihle amachaphaza ukukhanya, ngoko uzuza amabala ezimbejembeje ome.

Ukulwa nalo Inkathazo litshiswayo zonke iintsalela utyani emva kokuvuna kunye ukumba nzulu umhlaba. Xa uzingela pubs nemalanana wokutshiza bangaqheliswa ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo. nokubandakanywa Ingakumbi eyiyo nga riki udiliza. Half-ezaliswe emele yakhe iyaphuphuma ukuya phezulu ngamanzi abilayo kwaye banyanzelise iiyure ezingama-24. Ke yabonakala kwaye exutywe ngamanzi ratio 1: 2. Isebenziselwa ukutshiza izicatshulwa ezivela amagqabi zamazambane, datura zesiqhelo. Ukuba isisombululo iye ngqo phezu kwimakhishithi, kucetyiswa ukuba ukongeza imidlalo kancinane.

whitefly

Kubonakala ngamanani amakhulu kufutshane ekupheleni kwehlobo, ukulungisa kwicala emazantsi amagqabi kunye eshiya ngasemva iimveliso inkunkuma ngendlela excretions ezincangathi ezineswekile. Irubrikhi imeko olukhulu uphuhliso ngumngundo ukuqanduselwa, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba babebona esityalo. Izifo ezininzi ungawatyumzi endle (nemifanekiso ebonisa izityalo sifo, uza kufumana ithuba lokuba ukubona eli nqaku) twa zezi zinambuzane.

Whiteflies kungenziwa ndakuhlambulula ngamanzi, Abakhulule ngenyameko umhlaba emva koku. Ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka ukubhenela ngokutshiza izinambuzane "Commander". Unyango lwenziwa kuphela emva kokuvuna.

Kulo lonke ixesha kufuneka ukubukela kakuhle oko izinambuzane nezifo ahlukumeze izityalo squash. amanyathelo ngexesha elifanelekileyo athatyathiweyo kuya kukunceda ukuba ugcine kufanelekile ufumane isivuno esihle.