Weentonga kunye nezixhobo Viking: inkcazelo, photo

Vikings ... Eli gama sele ambalwa eminyaka edlulileyo iye yaba igama indlu. Lubonisa amandla, ubukhalipha, nesibindi, kodwa bambalwa abantu ezihlawulwa ingqalelo iinkcukacha. Ewe, lo Vikings geni uloyiso kwaye Zidume iinkulungwane, kodwa ufumana naziphi na kubo kuphela iimpawu zabo, kodwa ngokuyintloko ngokusetyenziswa ezona zixhobo mihla ngempumelelo.

A incinane

Ixesha kweenkulungwane eziliqela VIII ukuya XI ubudala kumabali ekuthiwa Viking. Ezi ntlanga yaseScandinavia zahlukile ubutshantliziyo, inkalipho nenkalipho emangalisayo. Inkalipho amajoni impilo emzimbeni azalwa ilinywa zonke iindlela ezinokubakho ngelo xesha. Ngexesha ukongama kwayo ngokungagungqiyo Vikings bafumene impumelelo enkulu ukulwa, yaye oko akunamsebenzi apho edabini kwenzeka: kumhlaba okanye elwandle. Babesilwa kwimimandla yonxweme, zinzulu kweli lizwekazi. Akukho kuphela Europe iye kubo enkundleni ekulweni. phambi kwabo kuqatshelwa kunye nabantu North Afrika.

Ukugqwesa na iinkcukacha

Scandinavians alwa kunye ziintlanga, hayi nje kuphela ngenxa kwimveliso nokwandiswa - zisekelwe umhlaba olungisiweyo nemizi yazo. izixhobo Viking nezikhali ezihonjiswe kunye uhlobo yomhombiso. Apha apha kwaye abonisa ubuchule babo kunye ngetalente seengcibi. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, oko Kungaphikiswa ukuba lo mmandla ukuba amtyhile kakhulu ngokupheleleyo izakhono zabo. Besive izixhobo asezantsi zentlalo iyaxela Viking, iifoto apho ukuchaphazela iingcibi mihla ziboniswa imifanekiso yonke. Yintoni sele sithetha amajoni izixhobo sokubandakanyeka zizidwangube nokuba imvelaphi amanene.

Ziziphi izixhobo ze Vikings?

Izixhobo amadoda yayahluke kuxhomekeke kwimo yentlalo abanini bawo. Entando olinene baba ninamakrele neentonga zonke iintlobo iimilo kunye nangeempahla ezibukhali zesinyithi. Weapon Viking Iiklasi asezantsi ubukhulu becala wabonisa izaphetha nemikhonto ezinobukhulu obahlukileyo.

iimpawu zokhuseleko

Nkqu zixhobo ezintsonkothileyo ngaloo mihla badla ayikwazanga ukwenza umsebenzi wayo ezisisiseko, kuba ngexesha le edabini Vikings ababenaye nommangaleli yakhe kumfowunelwa close ngokufanelekileyo. isihlangu yokhuselo zaseprayimari Viking xa imfazwe, njengokuba ezinye isikrweqe imali eninzi kuba yonke ijoni. Ikhusela ikakhulu kwi sixhobo ophosayo. Inkoliso yabo izihlangu ngeenxa enkulu. ububanzi sabo malunga enye yemitha. Wayemgcinile iqhawe ukusuka ngamadolo ukuya nasesilevini sakhe. Amaxesha amaninzi utshaba ngabom ezophule ikhaka ukuze bazisunduze Viking wokhuselo.

wenza ikhaka kuba Vikings njani?

Ikhaka eyayenziwe iibhodi zamafu 12-15 cm, maxa wambi ube ezahlukahukeneyo. Bawafaka phakathi umaleko enamathelayo wadala ngokukodwa kwaye kaninzi wakhonza tile zesiqhelo. Kuba amandla enkulu ikhaka phezulu wawutyabeka izilwanyana ngesikhumba abulawe. Kungqameko iiphaneli ziye luqiniswe yobhedu okanye intsimbi amacwecwe. IZiko ibonelela boss ikhaka - kwisangqa yentsimbi. Wamela isandla sakhe Viking. Qaphela ukuba ukuba ikhaka onjalo ezandleni zakhe, kwaye nkqu ngexesha imfazwe, kwaba nempembelelo ukuba wonke. kanye kwakhona Oku kubonisa nokuma amadoda engakholelekiyo baloo maxesha.

Viking ikhaka - ukhuseleko nje kodwa umsebenzi wobugcisa

Neqhawe ngexesha idabi ayikwazanga kuphulukana ikhaka, sebenzisa umbhinqo emxinwa, ubude apho zilungiswe. Yena saqhotyoshelwa ngaphakathi ikhaka emiphethweni esahlukileyo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, sebenzisa enye ikhaka isixhobo lula zilahliwe ngasemva. Njengokuba kwakunjalo ngethuba lenguqu.

Inkoliso izihlangu ipeyintwe ingamahashe, abomvu, kodwa kwakukho ezahlukeneyo eqaqambileyo zipeyintwe, ukuntsonkotha apho kwakuxhomekeke ikhono lomntu unoluqeqesho lukhethekileyo awenze.

Kodwa kwafika yonke into ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, ukumila ikhaka iyatshintsha. Kwaye ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XI. amajoni babizwa amakhaka zeamangile-ezimile ukuba kakuhle iyahluka ukusuka neyezingaphambili ngokohlobo segorha elikhuselayo phantse ukuya ngokupheleleyo phakathi-ithole. Kananjalo waziwa kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa ubunzima lwakuqala. Noko ke, ukuba kuhlalwe edabini phezu iinqanawa, yaye kwenzeka ngakumbi nangakumbi rhoqo, kwaye ke ngoko naba okukhethekile Vikings abazange bayifumane.

isigcina

INtloko njengegorha isigcina ngokuqhelekileyo wakhuthaza. Uhlobo isakhelo nto edala bands ezintathu eziphambili: 1 - okuphambili, 2 - ukusuka ebunzi ukuya Nape entanyeni, eyesithathu - ukusuka indlebe indlebe. Kule isiseko ingxenye 4 apha. On phezulu (kuloo ndawo apho kukho imivalo yokunqumla) kwaba spike elibukhali kakhulu. njengegorha ubuso imaski ngokuyinxenye ezikhuselweyo. Zibambene-ntloko ngasemva Chain net ebizwa barmitsa. Sokudityaniswa-ntloko kusetyenziswa rivet ezizodwa. Ukususela amacwecwe amancinane metal ibe ikhweyitha - indebe ntloko.

Isigcina nesimo ekuhlaleni

Ekuqaleni le X ngenkulungwane ye Vikings baba iminqwazi ngokwemilo etsobhileyo, kwaye ukukhusela abantu bakhonza ngqo plate impumlo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukuba indawo iminqwazi mnye-sifuba kunye chin umtya. Kukho ukuqashisela ukuba phakathi inyama leyo eqhotyoshelweyo rivet okanye isikhumba yethemba. Nendwangu ethwala kunciphise amandla yempembelelo ukuya entloko.

amajoni eziqhelekileyo akukho iminqwazi. iintloko zabo zikhuselwe iminqwazi eyenziwe uboya okanye isikhumba zamafu.

Iminqwazi baba abanini azizityebi imihombiso neelebhile bebala kuzo ukuqaphela amajoni ngokulwa. Iminqwazi kunye iimpondo, leyo niphuphuma iinto zembali, zinqabile kakhulu. Xa Ixesha Vikings, Ziqulethe amandla aphezulu.

mail

I Vikings uchithe phantse ubomi bakhe emfazweni; ke ngoko wayesazi ukuba ukwenzakala ebushushwini babo rhoqo, kwaye unyango bekungasoloko akufanelekele ukuba yatsala tetanus septicemia, yaye ngokufuthi nokufa. Kungenxa yoko le nto isikrweqe wanceda ukusinda bume ngqwabalala, kodwa imali ukunxiba nabo VIII-X iinkulungwane. ukuba amadoda kuphela esisityebi.

Chainmail enemikhono emifutshane elide ethangeni baba kwi VIII Vikings leminyaka.

Iimpahla kunye nezixhobo kwiiklasi ezahlukeneyo eyahlukileyo kakhulu. amajoni eziQhelekileyo iyasetyenziswa ukukhusela ngofele ibhatyi ayithunge ithambo, kwandule ipleyiti yesinyithi. Ezi iidyasi babe ngokugqibeleleyo nako Parry igalelo.

inxalenye gqitha

Kamva, ubude yeposi chain liye landa. In XI kulo. imigangatho baba ukusikwa ukuba bamkelekile gqitha abakhweli. I-imeyile chain nezigaba ezintsonkothileyo - iphaphazelise ngaphambili kunye nqanawa, nto leyo inceda ukukhusela ezisezantsi umhlathi nasemqaleni penny. ubunzima wakhe 12-18 kg.

I Vikings akuphaphele kakhulu imeyile ityathanga, ngenxa yokuba kaninzi kuxhomekeka yomphefumlo njengegorha. izambatho zothintelo zaba nexabiso elikhulu, ngoko ke azikho zishiywe edabini kwaye balahleke. chainmail badla ilifa.

isikrweqe Lamellar

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe kwaye isikrweqe lamellar. Bangena ke yokugcina kuphangwa Viking, emva kuMbindi Mpuma. plates isikrweqe enjalo eyenziwe ngentsimbi-lamellae. Baye elibhalwe umaleko, ligubungela kancinane omnye komnye, kwaye uqhagamshele ngentambo.

Kukho kwakhona isikrweqe Viking ziquka bracers ibhendi kunye leggings. Bona ezenziwe njengemicwana yentsimbi, ububanzi apho - malunga ne-16 mm. Ukuba abe eqiniselweendlwini, ngezibopho isikhumba.

ikrele

Likrele usesikhundleni lwiimi ziveleleyo yokugcina the Vikings. Lo inyani. Kuba amajoni akuzange kube nje isixhobo, ephethe ukufa ethile elutshabeni, kodwa abe umhlobo olungileyo, ekukhuseleni imilingo. Vikings zonke ezinye izinto ekufuneka waqonda njenge ukulwa, kodwa ikrele - libali eyahlukileyo. It linxulunyaniswa ibali iintlobo, oko wapasiswa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Gorha wathabatha ikrele njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yena.

Amangcwaba amajoni rhoqo ukufumana izixhobo Viking. Reconstruction ivumela ukuba baqhelane imbono yayo yoqobo.

Ekuqaleni le Viking Age kwanokwenza bafaniswe uye ngokubanzi, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngokusebenzisa i-ore eliphezulu ezikumgangatho amaziko uphuculo, kwaba lula ukuvelisa iincakuba ukuba elide ngakumbi lula. imilo blade naye ezahlukeneyo. Iziko womxhuzulane itshintshele emphinini ize ibe likhaba ukuya ekupheleni kabukhali iingqameko. Esi sixhobo wenza kube lula ukuba isicelo ayekelele ngokukhawuleza yaye ichanile.

amakrele kabini-mbini kunye iingalo izityebi eyenziwa isixhobo kwesithethe osisityebi Scandinavians, yaye idabi baba ayisebenzi.

I VIII-IX kulo. ku Viking amakrele kunye kuvela isampula amakhosi. Bona tsolo macala omabini, yaye ngqo ubude blade, tapering icebiso ajikelezayo, yaba ngaphantsi kancinane nje manzi. Oku kunika isizathu sokukholelwa ukuba isixhobo eso nokufuya ukusika.

amakrele Watsho sangena nesiphatho zaba ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo, baye zamakrele ezahlukeneyo kunye nemilo intloko. Imihombiso ngokuba iingalo basebenzisa nesilivere, nobhedu kwixesha lokuqala, kwakunye ayenza.

In IX no X kwiinkulungwane Sinokuliphatha zinokuhonjiswa nezidanga nebhekile nangobhedu imicu. Kamva kumanani kumqheba kungabonwa iimilo zejiyometri epleyitini inkcenkce, ezibe ngophondo ngobhedu. Imifolo wagxininisa wire zezobhedu.

Ngenxa zalungiswa ngo phakathi emphinini, sinako ukubona isiphatho eyenziwe sesigodlo, ithambo okanye umthi.

Wooden esingxotyeni baba - ngamanye amaxesha ukuba wambu ngesikhumba. Ngaphakathi esingxotyeni bathunyelwa kude ngento ethambileyo, nto leyo nangoku ikhuselwe ibe likhaba yeemveliso igcwala. Ngokufuthi oko namaslennaya yesikhumba, ngelaphu baba okanye uboya.

Ifudusiwe imizobo Viking kusinika ingcamango kwi anxibe ngayo esingxotyeni. Ekuqaleni, baba ngenkwitshi warhola ilitye phezu kwegxalaba lakhe ngasekhohlo. esingxotyeni steel kamva eyayijinga ibhanti esinqeni.

Saxon

izixhobo Viking Cold angamelwa kunye amaSaxons. Kuye kusetyenziselwa kuphela edabini kodwa kuqoqosho.

Sachs kukho imela kunye ngezembe ebanzi, apho ikhaba intshengeca kwicala elinye. Zonke amaSaxon, ngokwendlela iziphumo yokomba-hlulwa ibe ngamaqela amabini: elide, ubude yakhe 50-75 cm, kwaye ubude elifutshane-35 cm Kungaphikiswa ukuba zokugqibela kwase of ngezinkempe, uninzi lwazo iinkosi mihla kwaziswa imo. imisebenzi yobugcisa.

kugawulwa

Izixhobo Vikings yamandulo - ngezembe. Eneneni, uninzi mkhosi baba zizityebi, kodwa kukho into enje na kuqoqosho. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ookumkani bona asetyenziswa ngokulwa. Isiphatho intsimbi ithe 60-90 cm kunye elidlula - Noko 7-15 cm, ke akuyi kuba nzima kakhulu kwaye avunyelwe ukuba ngamaqhinga ngexesha ekulweni ..

Viking izixhobo, zamazembe "kunye iindevu", ubukhulu becala kusetyenziswa kumadabi elwandle, njengoko waba Buze square emazantsi intsimbi kunye mkhulu ukubhoda.

A indawo ekhethekileyo kufuneka uthathe izembe igqityezelwe ngesiphatho elide - nangeempahla ezibukhali zesinyithi. Kugawulwa blade lingade liye kufika kwi-30 cm, aphathe -. 120-180 cm Akumangalisi ukuba kukho isixhobo Intandokazi Vikings, enyanisweni ezandleni ijoni nkqi, waba isixhobo esinamandla kakhulu, kunye ukubonakala bayo nangoko phantsi isimo salo yotshaba.

Viking Izixhobo: ifoto, ezahlukeneyo, imilinganiselo

I Vikings babekholelwa ukuba isixhobo unalo igunya omlingo. Kwagqitywa zibekelwe ixesha elide yaye nasinikela. Amajoni kokuba ubutyebi kunye nesikhundla nezamazembe, nangeempahla ezibukhali zesinyithi nezidanga ehonjisiweyo, izinyithi isengqiqweni non-ayoni.

Ngamanye amaxesha ukubuza umbuzo: yintoni eziphambili Viking isixhobo - ikrele okanye izembe? Warriors wazazi ngokugqibeleleyo ezi ntlobo izixhobo, kodwa ukhetho bekusoloko ngenxa Vikings.

umkhonto

Viking Izixhobo ayikwazi bacinge ngaphandle umkhonto. Ngokutsho iintsomi sagas, amajoni emantla imbeko kakhulu olu hlobo kwezixhobo. spears ukufunyanwa ayifuni iindleko ezongezelelekileyo, njengoko abasebenzi babesenza ngokwabo, yaye amacebo kulula ukuvelisa, nangona imbonakalo ezahlukeneyo kunye nenjongo yaye akazange afune eninzi yesinyithi.

Umkhonto ayikwazanga axhobe bonke iqhawe. Ubukhulu ezincinane liyayivumela ukuba abe mabini anamnye olinxele. Ukusebenzisa umkhonto ngokuyintloko ukuze kuliwe kufutshane, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha nje isixhobo ophosayo.

Ingakumbi kuyimfuneko ukuba zihlale phezu iincam ngemikhonto. Xa ngemikhonto Viking bokuqala ntofo ukwenza Lancet, angokokusebenza kokuqinisela apho uthe tyaba, kukho utshintsho kancinane isithsaba encinane. ubude bayo -. 20 cm ukuya kuma-60 ngakumbi umkhonto wadibana ntofo kwiintlobo ngeentlobo igqabi-up elingunxantathu kwicandelo emnqamlezweni.

Vikings lwa kumazwekazi ezahlukeneyo, kunye gunsmiths ngobuchule basebenzisa isixhobo eziqalelo utshaba emsebenzini wabo. Viking Izixhobo eminyaka-10 eyadlulayo ithe utshintsho. Spears kungekho ngaphandle. Baye baba ngenxa nyi amandla kwi lenguqu ukuya Tuglie yaye kakhulu ezifanelekileyo ramming.

Ukuphelela ekubeni umkhonto, enyanisweni, akukho mda. Kuye ube uhlobo zobugcisa. Amajoni abanolwazi kakhulu kwimeko nje ngexesha elifanayo yaphosa ngomkhonto ngezandla zozibini, kodwa abambe ngayo kubhabho uze ulibuyisele yotshaba.

DART

Ukuze ekulweni kumgama omalunga 30 eemitha ngayo kwafuneka ukuba izixhobo ezikhethekileyo Vikings. Igama it - emkhontweni. Waba kakhulu ekwaziyo lokuthath'indawo izixhobo ezininzi kakhulu omkhulu kunye ukusetyenziswa ngobuchule legorha. Oku ayisindi unyawo ezintlanu-umkhonto. Tips bafane iikopi eqhelekileyo nayiphi harpoon ezinjalo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha wadibana lwasuka dvushipnoy okuyingxenye socketed.

anyanisi

Kuyinto eqhelekileyo kwi Viking izixhobo ubudala ngokuqhelekileyo ezenziwa isiqwenga esinye Elm, uthuthu okanye yew. Isetyenziswa ekulweni bemgama. Arrows ukuba niqubude ukuya iisentimitha 80 ubude wenziwa ezinde kunye nompleyini imithi, kodwa hayi ukuba ubudala. iincam Wide ezenziwe ngentsimbi kunye nomsila okhethekileyo sifake yachuma laseScandinavia.

inxalenye oqingqiweyo ka ubude isaphetha unako ukufikelela kwiimitha ezimbini, kunye wesaphetha baye ephothiweyo iinwele. Kwafuneka amandla elikhulu ukusebenza isixhobo enjalo, kodwa ukuba nozuko okulwa Vikings. Utolo hit utshaba kumgama 200 meters. I Vikings wasebenzisa iintolo nje kuphela umbandela emkhosini, kutheni kunye yotolo ziye ohluke kakhulu, banikwa injongo yabo.

ngenkwitshi

Oku kwakhona ugibisela izixhobo Vikings. Izandla zabo ukuba kube nzima kakhulu, njengoko kwakukho nje kufuneka intambo okanye umtya yesikhumba ewe "ezalwa", nto leyo wabekwa ilitye imilo ngeenxa zonke. Inani elaneleyo ngamatye eqokelelwe igqampe kunxweme. Kanye ezandleni ijoni abanezakhono, ekwaziyo ngokuthumela ilitye okusawula ukuba ukubetha utshaba ezilikhulu ambalwa leemitha ukusuka Viking. Lo mgaqo uyasebenza kule isixhobo elula. Enye ekupheleni intambo sibethelelwe kummandla sosana egorheni, kunye nezinye elaliliphethe ngesandla sakhe. Intambo ajikelezwe, ukwandisa inani amathuba, yaye decompress linqindi eliphezulu. Ilitye lathumela umgaqo onikezwe, balwe notshaba.

izixhobo Viking nezikhali zisoloko zigcinwe ukuze njengoko waqonda ukuba njengenxalenye ngokwabo waqonda ukuba kuye sisiphumo edabini ixhomekeke.

Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, zonke ezi zixhobo yanceda Vikings kukuphumelela uzuko amadoda likhona, yaye xa zithe iintshaba boyika kunene izixhobo ze Scandinavians, abanini ngokwabo wayiphatha ngentlonelo kwaye ngobubele, ngokufuthi enika amagama. iintlobo ezininzi izixhobo ababandakanyekayo amadabi liliphalaza igazi elimsulwa, wanika phantsi bakhonza njengesiqinisekiso sokuba joni oselula uya kuba nesibindi nangokuthatha ukulwa.