Victoria - eli chibi likhulu eAfrika

Abaninzi kuthi ngokucelwa "Yintoni na le chibi likhulu e-Afrika" kunye impendulo siqinisekile, ukuba UVictoria. Njengoko umthombo loMlambo umNayile, ngowona yesibini ngobukhulu ehlabathini ubukhulu onke amachibi. Ngokutsho iinkcukacha ezisemthethweni, wayivula eliNgesi J. Speke ngo-1858. Le umzimba ngamanzi balapha kuthiwa "ngamanzi enkulu". Nangona kunjalo, lo discoverer igama Victoria - igama uKumkanikazi of England.

Phakathi izazinzulu ezininzi ixesha elide baba iingxoxo ngendlela ukuquka okugcina Victoria. Ngokutsho kwabanye, yinto ulwandle emhlabeni, kodwa abanye ngelithi ukuba ichibi elikhulu. Ngenxa yokuba le ichibi uzele ngamanzi acocekileyo, ndenza konke ndawonye ngenxa yesibini ukhetho.

indawo

Eli chibi likhulu belizwekazi (Africa) ise intliziyo oko. Le ndawo iyonke dama ingaphezulu kwe-68 ophosa square. Kuba esi salathisi, ikho nokubakho ngaphezu ezinye ulwandle (umz Azov kunye Aral). Eli chibi ibekwe ngexesha elifanayo kwi kummandla yamazwe amathathu: Kenya, Uganda ne Tanzania. Kubo ke liziko labarhwebi, lwamaqosha ukuloba.

Ubunzulu avareji edikeni yayiziimitha 80. Ngenxa kwindawo kwintaba ephakame 1134 m ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle, libhekisela kudidi oluphezulu-weentaba. Iqondo lobushushu amanzi avareji yonyaka imalunga-22 degrees.

kucacile

Eli chibi likhulu e-Afrika, ine okweqanda ezitenxileyo ezinokwenzeka. imilinganiso yalo ubude nobubanzi, ngokulandelelana, zenza leekhilomitha 350h200. Phantse kuyo yonke indawo ngaphandle kummandla kumzantsi-ntshona, elunxwemeni mgxobhozo nezisezantsi. Apha kukho inani enkulu neetyali ezahlukeneyo, zokupaka, coves kunye peninsulas.

Ngomhla kummandla edikeni apho naye inkitha iziqithi ezahlukeneyo ngobukhulu. Phakathi inkulu kubo unguye Mansome, Ukereve, angabikho zingqondweni aze Ruvondo. Abaphandi ichibi kunye abembi bafumana ubungqina bokuba million eminyaka eyadlulayo, ukuba ummandla omkhulu.

sezulu

Ngokuba lonke ixesha ubukho edikeni kwi unxweme yayo baseka imozulu ekhethekileyo apho iimeko ukufuma eliphezulu idityaniswe yindinisa ubushushu. Ukongeza, le ndawo iphawulwa njengoko ezina eqaqamba ixesha elide yimbalela. chibi likhulu Afrika luphawulwa kukuba kwicandelo icace amaxesha ayikho endaweni yayo. Utshintsho onyaka bubonwa i parameter ezifana nemali ye kwezulu. Ngokukodwa, ubusika alele benani, kwaye ehlotyeni - phezu koko.

iinyanga ezininzi zamanzi Epreli ukuya kutsho ngoMeyi. Inqanaba ichibi ngeli xesha na kwandiswa ukuya 600 iimilimitha. Iqondo lobushushu umoya phantse zange kwehlisa ngaphantsi kwenqanaba degrees +25. Concepts ezifana iqabaka nekhephu, abantu balapha abayi ayaziwa.

Eli chibi likhulu Afrika esukile iinkqubo ziitectonic plates mlilo phezulu ngokwaneleyo, ngoko ke apha yonke imimoya ukuba uphawu belizwekazi. Abakwazi ukuba ukukhusela nokuba kwamaxandeka zineziphumo. Ke kaloku umzimba emanzini yenye yezona eyingozi ehlabathini ngenxa iinkanyamba, neenkanyamba nezitshi. Ngenxa yobukhulu bala kwimozulu eshushu, i zamanzi ziba (malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-93 cubic kunyaka ngamnye). Ngaphandle koku, idike curl akwenzeki ngonaphakade. Izazinzulu bathi oku nohlobo engaqhelekanga umjikelo wamanzi.

Biota

imihlaba Izityalo kunye nezilwanyana kummandla kwechibi ezifana ukuba lonke izwekazi. Kwi ezibhankini phakathi izityalo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo iintende banana, nekalamo, iingcongolo kunye zomkhanzi. bendawo abaninzi bakhule ikofu ngoqalo. Eli chibi likhulu e-Afrika, indawo yokuhlala ukuba iingwenya kunye iimvubu. Ngaphezu koko, umzimba ngamanzi bafumana ngaphezu kwekhulu iintlobo zeentlanzi. Phakathi kwawo kukho abo bahlala kuphela apha.

amagama athile bafanelwe iintaka abahlala kummandla wonxweme. imihlambi yabo ukuba izigidi zabantu ngabanye, ngoko ke le ndawo idla zipeyintwe yonke imibala yomnyama. Avamise kakhulu ke milenge yelo xesha, flamingos kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo ookhwalimanzi.

Eyona ngxaki koLwandle lwaseGalili

Ehlabathini phakathi kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini yendalo yengingqi wazibona sele esengozini ukutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo. Inani kweentlobo ezisengozini zezityalo nezilwanyana baqala ukwandisa. Umzekelo okuphawuleka lomkhombe, leyo kakhulu batyunyuzwa abazingeli ukufumana iimpondo ezixabisekileyo ezisetyenziswa Pharmacology. Ukongeza, kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo kukuba maxa wambi inciphise inani iingcuka, iindlovu, iindlulamthi, iingonyama kunye iimvubu.

sixeko sikhulu yomthumeli kwi elunxwemeni

Njengoko sele kutshiwo ngentla apha, eli chibi likhulu e-Afrika, ifumaneka kwi kwintsimi kumazwe amathathu. Ngamnye kubo unxweme yayo amachweba yorhwebo imizi. Ngokukodwa, ngokuba enjalo Mwanza Tanzania. Kungenxa kwizibuko urhulumente uphumeza isixa esikhulu lorhwebo. Kufuphi yenye enkulu kummandla i-East African iidiphozithi kwedayimani negolide, ukuthunyelwa apho isabelo yengonyama lwabiwo-mali lwesizwe.

Kunxweme langasentla ithathwa izibuko inkulu Entebbe (Uganda), omele indawo transfer. Isibakala sokuba balihlangula apha phezu iimveliso chibi zangeniswa lizwe kongxowankulu indlela. Ngokuphathelele eKenya, esi sixeko sikhulu phezu kwayo Lake Victoria yi Kissima. Phantse zonke iimveliso ezivela kwimimandla industrial yelizwe nayo kulo, uze emva koko ndibanikele ukuya kuyo.