Vacuole - oku ... umsebenzi vacuoles cell

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ntoni na vacuole. Le yenye candelo esiseleni, okt organelles. Organelles okanye organelle - it bamasuntswana enza iiseli, nevuthisayo, zibuye zibe sisiseko yonke into esingqongileyo.

Enyanisweni, ihlabathi ayikho into kubonakala xa efika kuqala. Kufuneka uthathe ngemicroscope, yaye ihlabathi lethu liya kutshintsha kakhulu. Ekumazini wokuqala nale sixhobo yenzeka nangoku kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Ootitshala kufuneka baqiniseke ukuba ukunikela intetho malunga nemigaqo yokusetyenziswa kwe neemicroscope ukuze uphephe iziganeko angazithandiyo kwi nomsebenzi umdla kangaka. Emva kuphambuko olufutshane kukuxelela ukuba i vacuole. Lo mba yethu engundoqo.

vacuole

Masiqalise kunye necandelo inkcazelo. Vacuole - le organelle (odnomembranny). Izakufunyanwa ngayo iiseli eukaryotic. Ngoko nangoko angenise inkcazelo kancinane: i eukaryotes - iseli equlethe engundoqo. Le yokugqibela wahluliwe kukho icytoplasm yi inwebu kabini. Ixabiso le kernel mkhulu, ukuba iqulethe molecule ye DNA.

Ngoko vacuole - le organelle ekwaziyo ukwenza imisebenzi emininzi eyahlukeneyo (apho kancinci emva sithi). Ezi organelles akhiwa njani? Iphuma provakuoley, njengoko kubonakala kuthi ngohlobo vesicles ndizayo.

Kubalulekile ukwazi yaye into yonke vacuoles yahlulwe ngamaqela amabini:

• sokugaya;
• eliguquguqukayo.

Ngamanye amaxesha eliguquguqukayo vacuoles ebizwa contractile. Zinceda susa iimveliso ukubola. Yini enye le misebenzi vacuole, siza kuqwalasela kamva.

Xa plant cells, vacuoles nkulu ngaphezu kwesiqingatha umthamo, ngamanye bahlanganisane ukuze organelle enye enkulu, amakhulu kude izilinganiso iqhelekileyo.

Zonke inwebu vacuole ilinganiselwe, oko kuthiwa - tonoplast. Ngaphakathi singafumana incindi iseli. Le yokugqibela ibandakanya ezi zixhobo zilandelayo:

• amanzi;
• monosaccharides;
• disaccharides;
• tannins;
• carbohydrate;
• nitrate;
• phosphate;
• kloride;
• asidi organic kunye nezinye izinto.

imisebenzi

Ngoku sinikela ukwaba imisebenzi esisiseko ingqalelo yi kuthi organelles. Vacuole, leyo ngoku uluhlu imisebenzi ingathatha isithuba iseli ukusuka ku-5 ukuya kwi-90 ekhulwini. Nokwabela kuxhomekeke apho le organelle na.

Ngokumalunga neentlobo leeseli kwisityalo baninzi kakhulu, kwaye izilwanyana kufuneka organelles ixesha. Sele bathi, ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo ye-vacuole unokwenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Kodwa athande abo ezimbini eziphambili:

• organelles ubudlelwane;
• lwezithuthi.

cell plant

Ngoku yisa kwi Ufundo ngakumbi organelles kwi plant cells. Cell vacuole - oku candelo yayo ephambili. Makhe bhala isizathu:

• vacuole lubamba amanzi;
• Isusa izinto eziyingozi;
• kwezinye iimeko vacuoles bavelise incindi iMilky;
• inxaxheba kwinkqubo oqhekeza organelles endala;
• ukugcina up izondlo.

Njengoko ubona, ezi organelles indima enkulu ngokwenene. Ngaba siya ukukhankanya ukuba bayakwazi Yodilizwa organelles ubudala, okt ukwenza umsebenzi lysosomes. Ngenxa yoko, le vacuole sinokuba enzayim ezifunekayo haydrolisis kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• protein;
• fat;
• carbohydrate;
• nucleic;
• phytohormones;
• imveliso eguquguqukayo, njalo-njalo.

Kananjalo inxaxheba kwinkqubo ifotosinthesisi, nto leyo kubalulekile nje kuphela zityalo kodwa ezinye izinto eziphilayo.

zooblast

Vacuoles ingafunyanwa kwi:

• angenawo lenyama ;
• ezingenamqolo multicellular.

Kwimeko yokuqala siza kuhlangabezana vacuole contractile ukukhonza irhuluneli. Oko kukuthi, ayakwazi ukuba iplanethi ikhuphe amanzi agqithisileyo. Iqela lesibini singakwazi ukwenza izinto ezininzi, eziquka:

• bamunca;
• coelenterates;
• ntshulube ciliated;
• yesilwanyana saselwandle esineqokobhe.

Xa ezi zinto ziphilayo zenza vacuoles yokwetyisa, nto leyo bayakwazi ukugaywa intracellular. Akwazi amiliswe ngaphakathi izilwanyana ephezulu, kodwa kuphela xa iiseli ezithile (ziiphagocytes).