Uzofunda phi umprogram emva kwebanga lesi-9?

Unyaka ngamnye eRashiya malunga namawaka asixhenxe amawaka abaphumelele kwisikolo esikolweni, kwaye baninzi bathatha i-USE kwi-computer yesayensi. Oku kuthetha ukuba malunga neepesenti ezisibhozo zabangenele baya kufaka iifunivesithi ezidibene ne-teknoloji yolwazi. Apho ukufundelwa esikolweni somfundi wesikolo-lowo ngumbuzo kwaye kuthethwa ngawo kweli nqaku.

Indlela yokuba ngumprofeti?

Itheknoloji yezoLwazi iye yahlala phantse kuzo zonke iindawo zobomi bethu banamhlanje. Imilinganiselo yolwazi iya kuqaliswa ngokukhawuleza ukuba ilinganiswe ngama-eetabytes (ishumi ukuya kweyesi-27 ukuya kweyure), kungeyi-terra-kwaye ingabi iigigabyte. Kunzima kakhulu ukulawula uluntu oluninzi, kodwa kuya kufuneka. Ngoko phambi kokuba ukhangele impendulo yombuzo othi ungayifunda kuphi umprofeti, kufuneka unqume ukuba yeyiphi umprogram ofuna ukuyifumana. Iimfuno ezizodwa ezivela kwi-IT yecandelo elizayo elizayo ziza kuba zilandelayo.

• Umtsalane. Idatha ebalulekileyo isilathiso esithembisayo nesithandwayo kwiprogram kunye ne-informatics. Ingcali yintsebenziswano kunye nemimandla emikhulu yedatha. Le yindlela yokwenziwa kolwazi oluhlukeneyo lwemimandla emikhulu, ekufuneka ihlaziywe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ithathelwe izigqibo zolawulo. Kuya kufuna ubuchule obuchanekileyo: kuluhlu olulodwa lwe-vial, uhlalutyo, uphuhliso lwezoshishino. Ukongezelela, ukuxhaswa kwezenzululwazi, amandla kunye nezakhono zokuhlalutya nje ulwazi, kodwa nokubeka phambili iingcamango.
• I-computing yamafu. Ingcali kwiinkonzo ezigcinwe kwifu, apho idilesi yomsebenzisi igcinwa khona, zonke iindlela zivulekile, kuba zimbalwa, kwaye inani leenkqubo zefu zikhula ngokukhawuleza. Kwizinto ezibizwa ngokuba ngamafu, idatha ingacatswa kuyo nayiphi na, nakwii-power-power devices, oko kukuthi, ngaphandle kokuqhotyoshelwe kwi-PC ethile. Ngoko isebenza "Yandex", Google, Apple iCloud kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Ubugcisa obuqhelekileyo

• Ukuphuhliswa kwezicelo zeselula. Oko kukuthi, izicelo zee-smartphone. Zibonakala zikhawuleza kunama-mushroom emva kwemvula encinci, kwaye ziya kuba nzima nakakhulu. Apha umprofeti angasebenza phantsi kwesiplathi esithile, ukuhlakulela i-interfaces yezobugcisa, ukuvavanya izicelo zeselula. Iziteshi zonxibelelwano zanda kwaye ziphucula, ngoko ke kufuneka imfuneko yabaprojekthi, abakhulayo. Kwaye akayi kubuza ukuba ufunde phi umprogram owenza izicelo zeselula. Oku akufundiswanga ngqo naphi na. Kodwa ngaphandle kokufunda eyunivesithi, ngaphandle kwesiqonga, umfundi afunayo apho, akukho nto iya kusebenza.
• Robotics. Oku akusikho ulawulo olutsha kwitheknoloji yolwazi, kodwa kusenokuba lukhulu. Le ndawo yinkqubo enzima, apho i-mechanics, i-electronics kunye nekhompyutheni yesayensi ikhola. Abaprogram beRobot balinde abaqeshi.
• Ukhuseleko lolwazi. Oku akuyimfuneko ukuchaza, kubaluleke kangakanani. Lapho ufundela umprofeti, ulwazi lwezokhuseleko lwengcaciso, kuya kuxutyushwa ngokubanzi ngezantsi.
• Inkomfa yokuzenzekelayo ngeenkqubo zoshishino. Itheknoloji yoLwazi iyanceda ukukhawulezisa nayiphi na inkqubo yezoshishino, ize ihlawule ngokukhawuleza. Ibhizinisi libonakaliswe kukuba zonke iinkqubo ezikuyo zihambelanisiwe, yimi kutheni ukuzenzekelayo okuzenzekelayo kuyadingeka.

Phakathi komsebenzi wangempela kunye noko bakufundisayo kwiiyunivesithi, kunjalo, kukho umgama. Abaphuhlisi bezicelo zeselula abafundiswa ngokuthe ngqo. Akukho ziko-yunivesithi zeefom ye-computing kunye nohlalutyo lwezoshishino. Nangona kunjalo, yedwa, ngaphandle kolwazi olunzulu, kuphela umntu okhuthazayo kwaye onamandla kakhulu onokukwazi ukuphumeza olu lwazi. Naluphi na okungafaniyo ngaphandle kwediploma yomsebenzi omhle akusayi kwamkelwa. Kungcono ukujonga apho unokufunda khona kumprogram.

Uya kuphi na?

• Kwi-University State University yaseMoscow egama linguBauman. Kwiziko lolawulo kunye nesayensi yekhompyutha. Okanye kwi-faculty ye- automatic automation kunye ne-robotics. Kukho iindawo ezininzi apho unokufunda khona kumprogram. Ngokomgaqo, nakuphi na ubuchule beyunivesithi, kuquka ulawulo, uqeqesho lobugcisa lunikezelwa kakhulu, lukhulu kakhulu. Ukhuphiswano lukhulu, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuba uthathe inxaxheba kwaye uphumelele kwiYunivesithi yaseYunivesithi kubafundi besikolo "Yiya kwixesha elizayo" esikolweni esiphakeme.
• IYunivesithi yaseMoscow State ine-faculty of computationational mathematics kunye ne-cybernetics, apho umntu unokufumana isiseko esomeleleyo sokuqeqeshwa kobugcisa. Uninzi lwabaprogram abavela apha baya kwisayensi. Ukhuphiswano lukhulu, kodwa indawo ezininzi zebhajethi. I-EGE ayinakwanela, kuba iyunivesithi isebenzisa ilungelo lemvavanyo yokungena eyongezelelweyo. Napha, kwakhona, kukho iOlympiads, abafundi abanokungeniswa kwiYunivesithi yaseMoscow State ngaphandle kweemviwo.
• I-Institut yaseMoscow yeFhysics kunye neThekhnoloji nayo ingaphathiswa imfundo yenkqubo. Amacandelo amathathu asebenza ngokuthe ngqo kulo. I-Olympiad kubafundi besikolo ibizwa ngokuba yi "Fiztech", kwaye abaphumeleleyo banelungelo elikhulu xa befaka isicelo. Yena, kwaye, ekude yedwa apha, kukho nokuphuma. Le yindawo yokufumana isikolo esikolweni, apho kungcono ukufundela umprogram - ngokulinganayo nangomdla. Iyunivesithi iyamangalisa.
• I-Moscow Institute of magician-illusionists, indlela ehlekisayo ngayo ngabafundi be-MEPhI, musa ukuthatha umdlalo. Nangona kunjalo, le yunivesithi inomncintiswano wokwamkelwa, enye yezona zikhulu kweli lizwe - ishumi elinesibhozo ukuya kubantu abangamashumi amabini, umzekelo, indawo enye. I-Moscow Engineering Physics Institute yindawo ephawulekayo. Kuqiqa ukuba uzame ukuzithemba ngamakhono akho.
• I-MESI - ezoqoqosho, izalathisi kunye ne-informatics, ezi ziimilomo ezintathu apho eli ziko limi khona. Kuba abantu be-IT baninzi amanqanaba amahlanu. Kulula kakhulu ukungena apho ngaphandle kweMEPhI. Kuphela kufuneka uzenzele isigqibo malunga nokuba kukuphi ukufundisisa umprogram.
• Kukho amaziko akhethekileyo kwi-NIU BSE, MIREA nakwezinye iikole ezidumile. NgeSt. Petersburg ITMO ngezantsi iya kuxelwa ngokwahlukileyo.

Qala ekuqaleni

Uzofunda phi umprogram emva kwebanga lesi-9, ukuba inkqubo isele iphupha ebusuku? Kukho abambalwa abaphuma kulo msebenzi, kunye nesiseko esihle seengcali. Indawo yokuqala inokunikezelwa kwiKhosi yaseKoscow yaseKoscow yeNkcazelo yezoLwazi. Akunjalo kuphela abaprogram, kodwa kunye neenjineli zenkqubo, abalawuli beenkqubo, kunye neengcali zokhuseleko zengcaciso ziqeqeshiwe apha. Umbuzo wesibini: phi ukufundela umprogram emva kwebanga lesi-9 mahhala? Napha, kwakhona. Kodwa emva kokuba ibanga le-11 liza kufuneka lihlawule. EMoscow, kukho okwesibini, ngaphandle kweekholeji ehlonishwayo, apho bafundisa ukuphathwa, ishishini lehotele kunye nobuchwepheshe bolwazi. Kubizwa ngokuba yikholeji "Tsaritsyno". Apha abaprogram balungiselela ngeendlela ezininzi. Kukho indawo ezininzi zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, emva kwebanga le-9, ukhuphiswano lubonakala ngathi kwi-MEPhI, kwaye emva kwe-11 kwibanga-kakhulu ngaphantsi.

IYunivesithi yezeMali phantsi koRhulumente weRussia Federation inekholeji yayo, apho bafundela umprogram. E-Rashiya kukho amancinci amancinci emfundo efana nale. Emva kwebanga leshumi le-9, abafundi abaphumelele kwiminyaka engama-50 bayangeniswa apha ngonyaka, ngubani ongasebenzisa zonke izixhobo zaseyunivesithi, kwilayibrari ukuya kwiinkqubo zobugcisa, kwinkqubo yokufunda. Into ephambili kukuba unokuqhubeka nemfundo emva kokugqiba iikholeji, iinkqubo zikhawuleza, isiseko sabelo-mali. Ikholeji yoNxibelelwano no-54 yikhoko lemfundo eliphambili apho unokufunda khona umprofeti waseMoscow ngexesha elide: abagqweswa kwizikolo zekholeji basebenzeleni kwaye baqeshwe ngamaqela abalingane: iMoslift, iMGTS, iMetro Metro, i-Samsung, i-Siemens, i-Huawei, i-Instruments National, i-Mail Russia kunye nezinye indawo ezithakazelisayo.

MIREA nabanye

UMIREA isikolo esikhethekileyo esikolweni esizinikezele kwi-teknoloji yolwazi. Ngendlela, i-MIREA inekholeji yayo. Ukhuphiswano lukhulu kakhulu - malunga neyunivesithi ngokwayo, kwaye kwipyunivesiti iyafana neyoMEPhI, kakuhle, mhlawumbi encinane. Kodwa akuzona zonke iifunivesithi zelizwe ziMoscow. Kwimimandla, kwakhona, kukho amaziko emfundo emangalisayo, apho ufundela umprogram. E-Kazan yi-Privolzhsky, kwaye eRostov-on-Don - iYunivesithi yaseSouth Federal, iNizhny Novgorod, i-Tomsk kunye neNovosibirsk iikholeji zephondo nazo zintle kakhulu. Iiyunivesithi ezininzi, ngokubanzi, azijoliswanga kwintsimi yetheknoloji yolwazi, zibandakanya ukulungiselela abaprogram.

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba ngoku akukho ntsimi yomsebenzi wabantu ngokungabikho kolwazi lwe-informatics. Ngaba uyazi apho ufunda khona kumprogram eYekaterinburg? Kuyo nayiphi na eyunivesithi: i-pedagogical, i-economic okanye iYunivesithi yoNxibelelwano, kunye ne-Institute of Management kukho i-teknoloji yolwazi lwezoshishino kwaye isetyenzisiweyo, nakwi-Academy yoBugcisa bobuGcisa kunye ne-Academy yezoBugcisa noBugcisa injalo. Kakade ke, kungekhona kwi-University of Ural Federal nakwii-Ural Mountains, unonopineli wangempela weprojekthi unokufunda. Ndiphi na enye inokuyifunda? Kunokwenzeka nakwiYunivesithi yaseBantu, iprogram iphinda ifundwe khona.

IT Spheres

Imephu yamashishini iyatshintsha kwihlabathi emva kwamashumi embalwa embalwa, yintoni eyenza uqoqosho lwehlabathi. Inxalenye enkulu yeenhloko zobuholi benamhlanje i-IT kunye nokudluliselwa kwayo kwiindawo ezihambelanayo: i-robotics, ishishini, iyeza, amandla kunye njalo njalo. Apha, iiprojekthi zehlabathi ngokwenene zenziwe, ishishini lwakhiwa, kwaye kwixesha elide - inkokeli yehlabathi. Yingakho isigqibo esilungileyo sesikolo esiphumelele ukuba sibe ngumprofeti. Kuphi ukufunda kwaye yintoni kanye-ixesha liza kuxela kwaye iimeko ziya kunceda ukuphuhlisa. Imfuno enkulu yeengcali kuzo zonke izakhono ze-IT, kwaye ezi zigaba zihlala zanda.

Ingundoqo kuphela ayitshintshi: abaprogram basabandakanyeka ekuphuhliseni, ukuyila nokudala isofthiwe, ukulandelela ukuchaneka kwazo zonke ezi nkqubo. Kulo msebenzi, uya kuhlala ufuna ingqondo yeemathematika, ukucinga okucingileyo, ukucinga, umonde nokucinga. Kwaye okubaluleke ngakumbi: ukuba umprogram uvumela ukuba ubuncinane iholide zenyanga ezimbini, ukubamba umsebenzi wokubaleka kuya kuba nzima. Kwiinyanga ezintandathu - ubuncinci ukungena kwiyunivesithi. Oku kuphakamisa ukuba inkqubo ifuna uphuhliso oluqhubekayo lwezakhono, kufuneka uqhubeke nokuzalisa ulwazi lwakho lolwazi, ngokusemthethweni imihla ngemihla ukuqeqesha ikhowudi yokubhala.

Inkampani 1C

Inkampani phantsi kweli gama yasungulwa ngo-1991 eRashiya. Ukhethekileyo ekuphuhlisweni, inkxaso kunye nokuhanjiswa kweeprogram zeekhompyutheni, kwakunye neenkcukacha zolwazi lwekhaya kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamashishini. Enye yale nkqubela iyenzileyo - yile nkqubo "1C: ishishini", ngokubonga ukuba inkqubo yenkcazo yenziwa yenziwe yi-automatisati, ukusebenza kwee-accounting kwamasebe kuye kwanda, inani leziphene kwi-accounting tax tax.

Iingcali ezifanelekileyo kuphela, umprogram we-1C, unokuxhasa ezo nkqubo. Kuphi ukufunda ukuze ube ngongcali kulo msebenzi? Okokuqala, ngaphandle kwemfundo yezobugcisa kule ndawo kuyimfuneko. Ukuqhubela phambili, i-1C inkqubo ingafundwa kwiikhosi ezizodwa. Kodwa kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba kuphela iRashiya inxaxheba kule nkqubo, ezinye iinkqubo zokuphendula zisebenza ngaphandle kwelizwe.

Ngaba kufuneka ndifunde

Umncedisi weWebhu - indawo yokufunda kunye nokuba kuyimfuneko? Iingcali ezivelisa iinkqubo ezixhasa umsebenzi wee-intanethi zinokufunda nje iincwadi ezizodwa, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiiforamatic thematic, zikwazi ukunxibelelana nabaxhasi. Iyunivesiti ayifuni imigaqo, ukuba awuyikubonelela ngokukhula komsebenzi ngexesha lokuphila. Ndinomsebenzi wokuqulunqwa kunye nombono ovela kumthengi - ndiqalise ukuphumeza amaphepha afanelekileyo, i-interfaces njalonjalo. Okokuqala, uzakufuna ubuchule kwiziko leprogram, kwaye kungekhona ukufumaneka kwemfundo, njengoko kubonakala ngathi ukuqala.

Ewe, imfundo ayimfuneko. Ingcali kule ndawo ingavela ngokukhawuleza. Kwaye ngokuphambene naso - ngemfundo ephakamileyo ye-IT ingcali ngokuqhelekileyo ayiyi kuba. Nangona kunjalo, iyunivesithi inikeza isiseko, ikhono lokufunda, oko kuyimfuneko kumprofeti, kukho ukuqonda imigaqo yeprogram kwiilwimi ezintathu ubuncinane. Ngenxa yoko, ngaphezu kwenyanga okanye abantu ababini banakho ukufunda nayiphi na ulwimi ulwimi lokuzimela ngokuzimeleyo nangokuphucula ngempumelelo kuyo. Kukho ukuqonda indlela inkqubo isebenza ngayo, indlela i-computer esebenza ngayo. Imithwalo yolwazi ayiyikuphazamisa kuphela, iya kuhamba kunye nempumelelo.

ITMO nabanye

Uzofunda phi umprogram eSt. Petersburg? Apha iziphakamiso ziphantse zifana, inkunzi yesibini ayikho emva kweyokuqala. Okokuqala, i-GUAP - makangabaniki abangenayo ngenxa ye-St Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation. Iinkalo ezongezelelweyo - ezoqoqosho, ezokufundisa, i-electrotechnical universities, kunye nenkonzo kunye nezoqoqosho, okubonelela ngeenkqubo zabaqeqeshi. Iiyunivesithi ezimbini eziphambili zedolophu kunye nommandla - iSt. Petersburg State kunye neSt. Petersburg Technical University, owakhupha iiprogram eziphambili zehlabathi (minyaka yonke i-pedestal ihlala kuwo kwi-olympiads yeprogram yehlabathi), inika ingqwalasela yemvelo ekulinganisweni komgangatho weengcali zoqeqesho. Ukongezelela, kukho ubuncinane iiyunivesithi ezili-12 kunye namasebe namasebe afanayo.

Kodwa i-ITMO eyingqungquthela-iYunivesithi yoLwazi lweeNkcukacha, iMicchanics kunye ne-Optics, equka iikhono ezilishumi elinesithoba, kuquka amanyathelo amabini kunye nesinye i-academy, iziko lophando ezisixhenxe, izihlalo ezilikhulu kunye neshumi zifanelwe igama elikhethekileyo. Ngelo xesha, ngabafundi abangaba-14 000 bahlala kule yunivesithi, phakathi kwabo malunga nesiqingatha samawaka angaphandle. Kuotitshala abangamakhulu amabini namakhulu amabini, kukho abaviwa abangaphezu kwe-800 kunye noogqirha besayensi. Abafundi kunye nabasebenzi baqhuba imisebenzi yophando kwaye bafumana izibonelelo zenzululwazi, ukuphuhlisa iiprojekthi zombini ngokwabo, nakwi-bhajethi yelizwe kunye nezivumelwano zehlabathi.

Kwabo abangagqibekanga

Ukuba ngaba umsebenzi awukakhethiwanga ngokucacileyo, kunengqiqo ukujonga ngokugqithiseleyo inzuzo kunye nokuxhamla kweprogram, njengeeklasi eza kufuneka zijongane nayo yonke impilo. Kubalulekile ukuqala ngento yokuba kungekhona kuphela uqeqesho, kodwa nayo yonke imisebenzi kuyo yonke iminyaka iya kuba yinkqubo echitha ixesha. Iingcali ezenza izilungiso kwiinkqubo aziyi kuyeka ekuphuhlisweni kwayo. Uluhlu lwemisebenzi lubanzi ngokwaneleyo, ngoko kuyavunyelwa ukwahlula lo msebenzi kwiindlela ezininzi eziphambili.

1. I- Informated Informatics. Apha, isofthiwe iphuhliswa kwaye iphunyezwe ekusebenzeni kwemibutho. Ngokuqhelekileyo yiprofayili encinci, umzekelo, 1C. Uxanduva lokucocisa, ukulungisa, ukuhlaziya iinkqubo ngezidingo zomntu ngamnye, ngokuqwalasela iinkcukacha zeenkampani.

2. Inkqubo yenkqubo - uphuhliso lweenkqubo zokusebenza, i-interfaces, ukusabalalisa iinkcukacha, amanethiwekhi okulawula. Olu luhlobo olunzima kakhulu lwenkqubo, akunakwenzeka, ngoko ke iingcali ezinjalo zihlala zifuna kakhulu.

3. Iprogram yewebhu-esebenzisana namanethiwekhi ehlabathi, ukuphuhliswa kweziza ezinamandla, i-interfaces. Njengoko i-Intanethi iyanda, le nto yodwa iyathandwa kwaye iyimfuneko.

Ngokufutshane, yonke into, oko sidibana umsebenzi kwi computer - oku kubangelwa umsebenzi badwelisi benkqubo. Ziziphi iimpawu ezifunekayo kulo msebenzi, sele sibonile. Kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba sijonge nzulu. Qiniseka ukuba iinkqubo yokucinga, oko kukuthi, ukuze ubone isiqwenga esinye isakhiwo. Kuphela ngale ndlela iya ngokukhawuleza ibhaqwe kuyalungiswa nandzu. Xa wenze naluphi na inkqubo elifuna zohlalutyo engqondweni, njengezibakala ezithile kufuneka akwazi ukubeka umfanekiso oguqukayo, kangangoko zokusombulula ingxaki, kunokuba okwethutyana. Memory kufuneka kuhle kakhulu. iilwimi lwenkqubo ndakala lula kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuba ukuba ukukhumbula ichibi elikhulu ulwazi ukusebenza isihlalo ongayi kushukuma. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ulime ulwimi lokuprograma nje kuphela, kodwa iincwadi Russian, ukuba abe nako kananjalo nokumenzela ubunzima ulwazi olufumanekayo. Oku kuluncedo ekuqeqesheni abasebenzi, kunye ebhaliweyo imiyalelo yokusebenzisa le software. Kuyimfuneko nje ukubhala lwenkqubo, kodwa ukuze babe nako ukuphumeza loo nto.