Uvavanyo unwele: indlela

Amathala izakhiwo zokugcina asetyenziswa zokugcina izinto ezahlukeneyo, iimpahla kunye nezixhobo. umgangatho wabo kuxhomekeka Abasebenzi abanika inkxaso yokhuseleko. Xa ngokuwa ilahleko lokhwakhiwa kuthetha ukuba amawaka, izigidi engange. Ukuze kuthintelwe iziphumo ezibi phula ingqibelelo amacandelo nkqubo kunye nezinto kuvavanywa ngamathuba athile nezinye izinto.

Kukho eziliqela iimpawu yenkqubo efana. Sebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo. Indlela ulungise kwaye baphumeze inkqubo kokuvavanywa amandla izakhiwo ziya kuxoxwa kamva.

hlola isicelo

unwele test (GOST 55525-13) enziwa eziliqela izizathu. Ngokuyintloko ekudaleni izakhiwo emitsha kubakho ngexesha iimpazamo ezithile ukulolonga sezulu. Kulo mzekelo, ulwakhiwo akayi kuba nako ukumelana umthwalo ekhankanyiweyo.

Ukunqanda ukusilela noshowo, umvelisi livavanya izinto zadalwa nguye. Ke yena oqondela izibakala miscalculation ngethuba lomjikelo nkqubo. Iimposiso kule imizobo zithi nya.

Kwakhona, umenzi makaqinisekise ukuba yokusebenza nesakhelo ukuya specs. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuba ukuthintela ingozi kule khosi yokusebenza zeli ziko. Kulo mzekelo, ungenza ukunciphisa kakhulu amathuba nje kuphela ukuvela umonakalo kwezoqoqosho, kodwa ukwenzakala okanye ukufa abasebenzi yokugcina. Le yenye yeendlela ezisebenzayo zokusingqongileyo.

Xesha liphi na inkqubo?

Imiyalelo kokuvavanywa amanqwanqwa lubandakanya uvavanyo kwiimeko ezine ezinkulu. Ixesha lokuqala uvavanyo enjalo oluqhutywa emsebenzini. Xa design entsha wadala kwi imizobo abatsha yavelisa indawo uvavanyo. Zenziwe uvavanyo ekufunyanisweni kwe iimpazamo kuyilo. Ukuba yonke kuyahlangatyezwana neemfuno, imveliso ingena imveliso.

Emva lemveliso batch iinkqubo ezifanayo Ukhethe ezimbalwa iiyunithi uvavanyo. Ukuba iimpawu izixhobo yokugcina ukukhawulelana nemigangatho yonke impahla uthengiswe.

Ngaphambi kokufaka kweeshelfu wahlola iimeko zabo yokugcina. Emva kofakelo nawo amandla lavavanya bonke unxibelelwano of kwithala nganye kunye nenkxaso. Ngexesha nokusebenza imveliso kwakhona phantsi ukuhlolwa ngamaxesha. Amaza nama- kanye qho emva kweminyaka emibini. Le lenquba yenzelwa de izibonelelo sibhalele-off kwi balance sheet yenkampani.

Sisondele ingqalelo ukukhangela

Kukho uludwe lwemibuzo ukuba mbonise abahloli. Iziphumo fiksiruyuisya kubhalwe. Kuba oku lenziwe unwele isiqinisekiso test, umfuziselo yayo eboniswe ngezantsi.

Uphando ukutenxa kule tyaba, inqanaba nkqo eentsika imiqadi. Kule meko, qiniseka ukuba zibe awohluke ingqalelo amanqwanqwa zokugcina.

Wazimisela imposiso kuvunyelwa konke konke ukutenxa kule mzobo cross-somhlathi kukuluthwala izinto. nokuphambuka okunjalo bawaphikise imithwalo phezulu kakhulu. Kwakhona abaphandi Qinisekisa ukuba ukuhlola ukubonakala bars, nezinye izinto, ezishelfini, pallets.

Kubalulekile ukuba banikele ingqalelo ukuthembakala welds eseleyo emva welding okanye uqhagamshelo yangaphakathi (kunye iibholiti). Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila inyathelo Regulatory ubeka iintsika kunye crossbeams. Ekupheleni kovavanyo iseti yezalathi ezifanelekileyo amandla umthwalo yokubeka exelwe iimpawu yokundwendwela.

uhlolo olubonakalayo

Emva kokuhlolwa, umenzi kwaye kufuneka umsebenzisi ukuba sibhalwe up unwele iimvavanyo. Uqulathe eyona idatha yophando. Le uxwebhu lwaseburhulumenteni, uyilo leyo kulawulwa imigangatho efanelekileyo.

Ukuze uqonde yonke inkqubo ngokutsha, kuyimfuneko ukuba siqwalasele amanyathelo ngakumbi ukuphunyezwa kwayo. Kuqala uhlolo olubonakalayo. Uqinisekiso ihlola umgangatho izinto. Umele kuhlola kumphezulu izinto zonke ebusweni iziphene. Umaleko yokhuselo onqanda izinto ukuthotywa, kufuneka ihlale ihleli. Kufuneka kuba NOKUCUKUCEZA no kufwaya.

Emva koko, kuqikelelwa geometry we ngemiqadi kunye nezithuba inkxaso. ixabiso labo kufuneka athobele imiqathango. Ukuba kukho imizila yendlela igcwala phezu zesinyithi, izidanga lawo elimisiweyo. Kuya kuthathelwa ingqalelo ubukho Isipha, iinyanda kunye nezinye izifo.

welds

Phambi kokuba uvavanyo ntsimbi zilapha phezulu amalungu ehlola zoonke nkqubo. Zingakotshwa ziqhotyoshelwe omnye komnye ngokusebenzisa ngezikhonkwane okanye welding. Kwezi ndawo, ngokuqhelekileyo, uyilo kakhulu ukulimala yempembelelo umthwalo ezimbi. Ngoko ke, umgangatho welds emiselwe ngendlela ekhethekileyo.

Oku kube cuke, yiacoustic, okanye imithi chweba. Nganye kwezi ndlela ekhethiweyo ukuvavanya imeko amalungu. Ngaloo kubukho beentanda iyapheliswa unokukhawuleza, inclusions zeBlack okanye umthondo engaphelelanga. Xa amalungu kufuneka ibe simahla lwamathanda kunye undercuts.

khangela kwakhona umisela welds ntumbuluko. Kufuneka babe isikali okanye ukungcola. Kungenjalo, le nkqubo iza kuyidiliza ngokukhawuleza.

Xa uxhulumaniso eyabelwe uhlobo esijijwayo, kuqikelelwa screed zabo. Iziqalelo nesithandwa (evulwa kunye nut) kufuneka ulinde.

Procedure test

Xa zokuhlola umgangatho kunye nokomelela ntsimbi zilapha phezulu, ukongeza uhlolo olubonakalayo nokuhlola umgangatho amalungu, kunye nezinye iindlela ziyasetyenziswa. Bafuna kuphela emva kokuba urhulumente olwanelisayo isakhiwo sangaphandle. Kulo mzekelo, nto wayenza kweeshelfu Layisha Test.

Itshekhi efanayo wenziwa ngeendlela ezimbini. Kwimeko yokuqala izinto icandelo phantsi komthwalo nkqo kunye yesibini - tye. Le ndlela esebenzayo ukuvumela ukuba bahlole cala imeko nezinye izinto.

umthwalo nkqo isicelo umqadi. Lidlula 25% ye ongu avumelekile ubunzima into enokumelana into. Idatha ethatyathwa izibonelelo yokundwendwela. Ekuhambeni zophononongo ezibalwa iparameters aphambuke. Kufuneka ingadluli umbundu 1/200 ye ubude umqadi.

Gorizonatlnaya iishelfu ukulayisha yi-50% yexabiso elikhulu. ecaleni nkqo kufuneka kuncitshiswe.

ukuqinisekiswa Ukugqitywa

Emva kokuba ntsimbi zilapha phezulu uvavanyo kulinganiswa ubunzima intsalela. Iphinde yaqhuba uhlolo olubonakalayo le into. Kwakhona kwakhona zihlolwe-welds okanye screw uqhagamshelo.

Uvavanyo lugqityiwe ingqalelo. Iqulathe zonke iparameters yokulinganisa. itshekhi kwakhona icwangcisa neqondo lomngcipheko. Amaninzi kusetyenziswa ukuvavanya inkqubo imigangatho yaseYurophu. Zikholelwa ubukho imiphakamo emithathu emngciphekweni.

Ukuba isixhobo lichazwa njenge kummandla oluhlaza, asinto ibe ubuncinane umonakalo akusayi kuchaphazela umgangatho izibonelelo ezixhasa. indawo Succinic kuquka nezinye izinto, okuye umonakalo okungephi. Noko ke, bavumelekile ukuba basebenze. Ukuba into yaba kwindawo ebomvu, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuyingozi yaye akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo.

Iinzuzo lokuhlolwa

Namhlanje, ntsimbi zilapha phezulu Uvavanyo lwenziwa nakanjani yonke imibutho yokugcina kunye namashishini ukuvelisa izixhobo efanayo. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ukuhlola imeko into yokufunda, kwakunye ubalo omalunga kwesithuba ukusebenza kwawo.

Kwezixhaso metal, ngemiqadi nezibonda inkxaso ngokuhamba kwexesha okongezeleke ntshikilelo. Xa iindawo ezi ngamathuba athile phantsi umonakalo. Akunamsebenzi ukuphucula imeko nezinye izinto. Ukuba akuyihlawuli ingqalelo iziphene asakhulayo kwexesha, Asikwazi ukuluphepha kwawa ngesakhiwo. Ukuba uvavanyo luya kuqinisekisa nakwenzeka ukusebenza kweziko phambi kokuba abulawe.

Inkqubo yokungqinisisa ikwaqwalasela iimpawu ngenxa yokusebenza, ulondolozo, abasebenzi yokugcina izinto. Umzekelo, warehouses eziqeshiweyo kufuna uhlolo rhoqo ngakumbi, kuba idla ezingaqhutywa kwi kwindlela yogcino lwamandla.

Ekubeni ingqalelo inkqubo ye amanqwanqwa test, kuba ngokomgangatho ukuhlola imeko yesakhiwo. Oku kuya kuthintela into kwintshabalalo, ukwenzakala kunye nelahleko yobomi.