"Umxhomi": isishwankathelo. "Umxhomi" - ibali Kuprin

Kuprin Aleksandr Ivanovich waqalisa ukubhala ekupheleni kwenkulungwane. Kwakunzima lixesha elinzima eRashiya, nangenxa Europe. Ngoko ke, omnye imixholo ezikhokelela umsebenzi wakhe uba ube isimemezelo siseko humanistic, i lecebo neloqoqosho yonke iminyaka. Kulo mxholo, kuba efanelekileyo ukufunda umphefumlo womntu, ezibanjiswe embindini kwehlabathi abangafezekanga arhola zombini ukukhanya icala elibi kuyo.

Ngowe-1990, umbhali epapashwe kwi "Don Speech" ibali "Ingolshtadsky owabulala." Izimvo zabantu zabantu beli msebenzi bebesoloko ezimbi, kodwa ke umntu onjalo uba isimntwiso Kuprina zobubele kunye ukuphendula. A iinkcukacha ixesha kunye nendawo amanyathelo kuvunyelwa lokuphinda imeko ubomi zemvelo kakhulu ungena kwindawo ethile nembali kunye itsale ingqalelo abafundi amaxabiso engaguquki.

Ekuveleni kwenkulungwane

Ibali lika "umxhomi" - igama kamva lula - iqala kunye nenkcazelo imeko enzima yezopolitiko kwidolophu encinane eBavaria - yaseIngolstadt. Ekupheleni kuka 1199 lonke iJamani Alwa umzabalazo ongenalusini phakathi kwamaqela amabini ezinamandla: Guelph abaxhasi Pope, kwaye iqela zabo, Ghibellines. Xa abemi lizwe wakhe, ukusuka Neendwalutho abalimi elula inxaxheba. Ngokufuthi, iintshaba bevela usapho olunye, kunye ngamayelenqe nobuqhophololo, le mercenaries ziye kakhulu nezolo. Kwakubonakala ukuba indalo kwafuneka ngokwayo yakwenza longquzulwano phakathi kwabantu. Loo yasebusika ngqwabalala, wambopha yonke iqabaka ubomi ungandikhumbuli nkqu endala namagqala, yaye abaninzi esibhakabhakeni wabona umnqamlezo omkhulu lomlilo, nasekuthwaseni kwenyanga ezimbini. Konke oku, ngokokubona ngeenkwenkwezi kunye zabakhohlisi waxela ekupheleni kwehlabathi, kodwa intetho enjalo ebesoloko yachulumancisa eluntwini. Iqala ibali A.Kuprin (ufunda isishwankathelo yakhe).

"Umxhomi": ongaqondakaliyo

Umhla eyenzekayo ziphawulwe ngokucacileyo. Ngobusuku iKrismesi iindonga yaseIngolstadt beza umhambi elibharhileyo. Wayambethe uboya, kodwa yokwaleka ezikrazukileyo waziva umnqwazi, wayedla akuthi khwitshi ukuba umoya wazama ukubamba umoya wakhe. Le meko nzima emigodini ikhephu, apho umntu maxa wambi ezinxulumene kwamadolo. Xa uqala kuqala, iimpahla enika umfanekiso opheleleyo ubuntu bakhe. Noko ke, nomphambukeli nengqondo olunye-kuthetha kancinane kwakuhambisana kweziqalo onzima nefihlakeleyo phantsi ikrele isuti, oko kubonisa ukuba oku nje Burger okanye umqeshi entle.

amabali ezahlukeneyo ezininzi Kuprin umdlalo kunye Imvakalelo sebali. Ezi mpawu kunokubonwa "isahlulelo". Umhambi lowo ime kwi emhadini macala onke bawungqinga umzi, kunye abenoburhalarhume waphawula ukuba ibhulorho sele woba akavukanga. Kodwa yena ubonakala kakuhle, wayesazi kwendawo, njengoko wahamba ngoko nangoko ngakumbi. ezimakhulu mabini izantya ecaleni icandwe, owasemzini waqala ngcembe ukwehla, utaptyvaya phambi ikhephu. Kwathatha kangangeyure ubuncinane ngaphambi kokuba kwelinye icala. Ukufumana baphume emhadini, umhambi eyafunyanwa kwipokotho intambo, wakha kulo ndzhendzheleko eqinileyo, nto leyo yaphosa ezitsolo barb. Emva kwemizuzu embalwa kamva liqhekeza isusiwe phezu kucingo kwaye yaphela e yaseIngolstadt.

yamabandla ezinzima

Esi sixeko kwabonakala ukuba ziphele. Abantu esitratweni ibingeyiyo, kwaye zonke namasango iingcango zazitshixiwe. apha na phaya kuphela neentanda iingcango kunye nemivalo wangena ukukhanya komlilo.

Ibali lika "umxhomi" Kuprin uyaqhubeka echaza kwempumelelo hero ukufumana indawo yokulala. Okokuqala, ungowasemzini wenyuka waya endlwini enkulu waza waya kunkqonkqoza kuloo ndlu. kwafuneka ukuba alinde ixesha elide. Ekugqibeleni, lo mkhosi wabuza irritably ukusuka emva kocango, ngubani na umtyholi bayizisa. Kwisicelo ndwendwe ukuba naye niye endlwini, likhankanya wala, efunga. Ngenjongo yokukhulisa uloyiko kufuna ukutsala izinja ezininzi. Le ndoda yathi Kukushwabula wathi: "Khangela, Mayor, ukuba ukucula ingoma eyahlukileyo ngomso." Hayi nje abhadulayo elula wajika hero webali - esi sigqibo ukhokela ingxoxo echazwe isishwankathelo yakhe.

"Umxhomi" ukuqhubeka abalindi incoko lowo akuva ihleli umhambi emnyango nshila. Babethetha malunga ubomi isixeko yaba mbi kakhulu emva kokuba ukugxothwa Ghibellines Duke Henry, nokuba bakulungele ukwenza nantoni na ukubuya kwakhe. La mazwi ukuba wasemzini uncumo anelisekile, eyayisuke wasemzini phezu kobuso fever idlakadlaka ziimposiso.

isiko nobudala

Umhambi yawujikeleza umzi, kodwa kuyo yonke indawo, yaye kufutshane nendlu okwanelisayo ityotyombe ihlwempu - Weva njengempendulo kwisicelo elaliswa badmouthing nje. ukuziphatha okunjalo abantu bendawo ukuba uchaze amagama elinye ibhinqa endala. Uthe undwendwe engalindelekanga ukuba ngomso ukulungele ukuba axhakamfule elo kwalusa izitya kakhulu emnandi. Kodwa namhlanje, kwi-Eva Christmas, ngoko, kunye lundwendwe, uya vuma indlu yakhe yonke iimbandezelo zakhe. Akukho umphefumlo ngeenxa yaseIngolstadt nanceba engumkhenkce, mhambi olambileyo - oku ke isiphelo kuzisa ibali umsebenzi kunye nesishwankathelo wayo. "Umxhomi" libonisa indlela iinkolelo ezithandwayo unobangela singonwabi. Umhambi sele kakhulu sisele: imilenze yakhe abaphulaphula kuye, Bayawacima namehlo akhe phezu uhamba. A kancinci kakhulu - kwaye akwazi kuwela kwikhephu, akazange avuke.

Emi yedwa endlwini kunye nabemi bayo

In search of a hero yokuhlala webali ndafika iDanube ngokwayo. Kwaye ngesiquphe, xa umgama ukusuka izakhiwo wabona indlu entle ezinkulu nice, umi phandle ngokuchasene kwimvelaphi ematyotyombeni abahluphekayo eyakhelwe emaphandleni. Around kuye kwakungekho kocingo, ngoko owasemzini akwazi ukuhamba ukuya efestileni, kungekhona Izivalo ivaliwe, kwaye ukhangele ngaphakathi. Kwelo gumbi waze wabona umfanekiso olandelayo. Etafileni Kwakuhleli ke ndoda, ende, kunye emagxeni ebanzi nentamo, nezandla enkulu. Yonke into imbonakalo yakhe wangcatshwa 'amandla okukhulu ngokomzimba, "- wathi Kuprin uAleksandr Ivanovich. Ke loo nto wayenzayo wabanjwa iliso mhambi lam - mnyama kakhulu, obuxutywe ubuso ukushwabana. Owasemzini kwabonakala ngathi zange bachukumisa ngoncumo. Ecaleni etafileni yaba intombazana elivisayo, yamlungiselela kumnini.

reception engaqhelekanga

Umhambi wankqonkqoza emnyango kwaye wafumana imvume yokungena. Waye kwelo gumbi ebilayo kwaye waliva ivumba inyama uyose. Ngesiquphe, umnini waqhekeza gadalala, ukusuka apho ilandelwe ukuba namhlanje nangomso, yena akanazinjongo ukubaleka. Kodwa ebona ukuba oboznalsya, yena madolw 'anzima. Akazange avume lundwendwe, leyo wavuma inkosi kwi khusi, kodwa wavakalisa inkxalabo malunga ukuzinzisa indawo yayo apha. Oku kwakuthetha kulala eshiya indlu ngoko nangoko, njengoko ukufunda ngokukhawuleza ohlala kulo. Noko ke, umhambi udiniwe kwaye ulambile akazange abuze imibuzo, kodwa wathi kuphela ukuba akakhathali malunga inkosi iiklasi. Ehleli etafileni, igumbi labahambi waqalisa ukuba anelise.

omaziyo

Udla wasemzini inyama zange qaphela ukuba umkhosi na phakathi kwelo gumbi kwaye uhlala phantsi etafileni. Waqala ukuthi into ezilumezayo, kuba omnye umntu emlonyeni isidlo. Kodwa le ndoda yala ukuba alandelane naye, yaye kangangexesha elithile undwendwe umkile kuye yedwa. Kuphela emva kwethuba, xa umhambi uyaneliswa, besela iwayini elimnandi kwaye uzive lo aph 'emva kweentsuku nje ezimbalwa-hamba, wakhangela ngasemva umnini. Esimnika ingqiqo umbulelo kunye nosizi engaqhelekanga. Ngesiquphe, owasemzini waphakama etafileni, wazazisa: "Henry II, Leo Anna ..." kunye nethoni waka yayalela umnini ukunika igama lakhe. Le yokugqibela yawa phambi kwakhe phantsi emgangathweni wamemeza waxakwa ukuba Carl Eisenman, owawukade yasekuhlaleni. Izimvo isifundo wakhe wayengekho ncam elungileyo. Oku kuchaza isizathu sokuba woyika ukuba angenise ngoko nangoko.

umphumela engalindelekanga

I-Duke kugxekwa ekuqaleni, kodwa emva koko wakhupha ikrele lakhe, waxabela negxalaba umnini flat yakhe. Le nkqubo yaba knight. Ngoko iphela ibali - ozifundileyo isishwankathelo lakhe - ". Umxhomi" Kuhleli kuphela ukongeza ukuba Karl von Eisenman wafa ligorha elikhuselayo Duke wakhe. Emva kokufa umxhomi owayesakuba isixeko yaseIngolstadt, yaye wayeka yohlanga wakhe, ngenxa yokuba engabanga nanyana.

iimpawu ezikhethekileyo kwinoveli

amabali Kuprin badla Bothetha ubuntu abanalo ngeempawu best yokuziphatha. Nabakhi zabo ngokwangaphandle abantu ingathi yimimangaliso. Imeko efanayo kunokubonwa kulo msebenzi.

Kweli hlabathi lizaliswe ziinkathazo, lalizele bubundlobongela kunye ukungakhathali kwabantu, ukunceda umntu ongamaziyo uza umhambi yonke impahla edelekileyo, ushiyiwe umxhomi. Ngokwemisebenzi nokuthobela ukuthanda omnye, ke kunyanzeleke ukuba ubomi yabahlawulisiweyo, kuba kubonakala namfesane. Kodwa nentiyo kunye nentiyo-dlaka ziimposiso yaseIngolstadt, bayalityalwa xa ingqikelelo imbeko umsebenzi, omnye Eisenman kuphela unako nemfesane nobuntu. Yena akayi kufa ungowasemzini ngokupheleleyo, yaye ukuphendula kumlawuli Saxony ibonisa bangamhlonela yena, ukuqaphela ilungelo ukufa ngesidima kunye noxolelo - osemqoka ukuba bamaXesha Aphakathi.

Ngoko ke heroes amabali Kuprin abazazisayo uthando nokuthembana yabantu, ngokobukhulu iingcamango kunye nezenzo zabo.