Usihlube inombolo Reynolds

Abo kude physics, lunikezelwe. Qala umbhalo Ndikhohliwe, kuba inani Reynolds ngokobuqu andizange esingenakubangela naliphi na impendulo xa inxalenye ulwazi apho ukugcina ulwazi physics. Masizame ukuvala lo msantsa.

Ukuze othe ukucacisa oko Osborne Reynolds ngelo xesha elinye intsimi yabo. Le Scientist yaba ummeli IsiNgesi (eminye imithombo - Irish) kuluntu lwezenzululwazi kwizifundo ze-physics, ubunjineli hydraulics. Wazalwa ngo-1842, emva kweminyaka 28, waba uprofesa e isebe ubucukubhede noshowo eCambridge. Uphando lwakhe kwakhokelela kubaqonda ukuziphatha kolwelo kwi laminar (sekhombuya) kunye nangxola (omtsha) kwemali. Ukuba nguye ulwabiwo ingummiselo ngamanani inguqulelo ngohlobo olulodwa khosi ukuya kwenye. Le ubungakanani yaziwa kuthi njengoko inani Reynolds.

Iyintoni na intsingiselo? Le parameter rhoqo kwaye kukho umlinganiselo othile imikhosi inertial kunye zochuku lwangaphakathi flow engamanzi. Njengoko ujonge kwiimpawu kusetyenziswa Re. Ngokubhekiselele kwiiyunithi ngokuncamisileyo, ngoko akukho namnye, ngenxa yokuba inani Reynolds ukuba amanzi, iigesi kunye nayiphi na enye medium kukho ubuninzi dimensionless (inani ngalinye se).

Akuthandabuzeki ukuba ufanelwe intlonipho nonyamezelo IsiNgesi Scientist, owaba ku tirhisa iimvavanyo ngaphezu kwekhulu ukuchonga nesihlobo enjalo. Wakwazi ukuchonga ipatheni ilandelayo: ngamazinga aphezulu (ngaphezu kwama-2 - 3 million), ukuhamba amanzi anzima ngokupheleleyo, nangenxa amancinci - laminar ngokupheleleyo.

Uninzi lwezi izibalo zithetha yokufundwa ezo zifunyenwe empirically kuphela, kwaye bangatshintsha okanye phindo engenasiphelo unakho "iwe" yesakhelo yangoku. Noko ke, abaninzi utolike ngempumelelo kubo ngokwembono kwemithetho Newton. Ngamagama alula, umsinga ulwelo unalo inertia ethile futhi kuyaphela ukugcina intshukumo yayo ngesantya esifanayo.

Ukubaluleka kwalo njengenqobo yokugweba, ngokutsho data evela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, zibalulekile. Kuyinto eli xabiso kunye umgaqo nemveliso yayo isixelela ukuba ifuthe kokusingqongileyo (amanzi, igesi okanye ezinye izinto) ayikho kangako kuxhomekeke isantya, inertia kunye ukukhuhlana, lingakanani ngokuzibandakanya kwabo. Yiyo le intsebenziswano kwaye libonakala ngokuba ratio, ekuthiwa "inani Reynolds". Kuba amanzi, intshukumo leyo eyenzeka ecaleni amajelo emxinwa (okanye iityhubhu), "Edge" salathisi iza sishintshe ixabiso lingaphezulu isalathisi 12000 - ukuxhathisa 20000. Ukwanda eliphakathi liza kunyuka. Amanzi kwisithuba evulekileyo ngaphandle umfanekiso izakubuyiselwa endaweni: ukwandisa Reynolds amaxabiso inani kuya kunciphisa uxhathiso.
ukusebenzisa kwakhe le njengenqobo wayengekho kuphela ukukhanda fluid, kodwa ngenqwelomoya imikhumbi. Umzekelo, ukuba inani Reynolds ivumela uvavanyo enokuthenjwa imifuziselo ezintsha moya, ivelise kwakhona ngokupheleleyo amanyathelo yokwenene zezulu flow diagram imodeli lifinyele.

PS Wona calculation olungumgubo engazisi ngenjongo: ukuba umfundi onomdla kwesi sihloko, bafunde indlela yokubala ye yobukhulu iza kuba nzima.