Umzekelo wokuhlalutya umbongo wendlela yokuhlalutya kakuhle imbongo

Uthando lwemibongo alukwazi ngaphandle kokuqonda kwalo. Inkqubo yesifundo esikolweni yenzelwe ukwakha izakhono ekuqondeni ubuchule bokubhala: ukuqonda intsingiselo yomsebenzi, ukuva isingqimba sayo somculo, ukungena kwihlabathi langaphakathi le-hero hero. Oku kuququzelelwe uhlalutyo olubanzi lwembongo, umzekelo wokunikezelwa kwinqaku.

Ukukhetha umsebenzi

Umfundi uyamenywa ukuba afunde i "Winter Morning" ka-Alexander Pushkin. Ukhetho luchongiwe ngezizathu ezininzi:

• Ingqiqo yombongozi ikuvumela ukuba uvuselele umfanekiso wesimo sasebusika, esithelekiswa nesitya somculi okanye umsebenzi womculo womqambi. Kwaye ukufunda izinto ezintsha zihlala zilandela kwimibono emihle yemisebenzi yobugcisa.
• Ngenxa yobutyebi bolwimi lweencwadi zobhaliweyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba kuqhutywe uhlalutyo olupheleleyo lweelwimi, olubandakanya uhlalutyo lwephilogical of the poem. Umzekelo uza kunceda kwixesha elizayo ukujongana ngokukhawuleza nokufundwa kweengoma zengoma ye-19 leminyaka.
• Umbongo ufundiswa esikolweni, okuya kukuvumela ukuba ulungiselele kwangaphambili ukulawula izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi.
• Imveliso ibingabalulekanga kumthamo, okwenza kube lula ukuhlalutya kwayo.

ISicwangciso soHlolo

Akukho sikimu esinye esimele silandelwe xa sihlalutya umsebenzi wobugcisa. Yonke into incike kwimisebenzi ebhekane nomphandi, kunye nomthombo ngokwawo, ophilileyo ophilayo, ongeke ulungele rhoqo kwisakhelo esinqunyiwe. Uhlalutyo olucetywayo lo mbongo ngumzekelo ngokucwangcisa ngokucwangcisiweyo umsebenzi othile. Amaphuzu alo angatshintshwa lula kwiindawo, sebenzisa ezinye izivakalisi zezihloko, kodwa kubalulekile ukugcina ezi zinto zintathu: iziganeko zembali kunye nolwazi lweelwimi, isalathisi, isicatshulwa, igrama yombhalo) kunye nokubhala (umxholo, uhlobo, ukwakheka, isitayela). Umgangatho ophezulu wokuhlalutya ufuna ukubonakalisa ubuhlobo bomntu kunye nombongo ofundwayo.

Isicwangciso esicetywayo sisilandelayo:

1. Imbali yokudalwa kwe "Busika Ekuseni", ulwazi malunga nombhali.
2. Indawo yomsebenzi kwintetho yombongi.
3. Uhlobo kunye nomxholo womsebenzi.
4. Isalathiso nokubunjwa.
5. Iqhawe leLyria, isimo sengqondo somsebenzi.
6. Isigama sesibongo.
7. I-Pictorial ithetha.
8. Imirhumo, iindlela zesimiso.
9. Intlangano.
10. Isimo sokufunda.

Imbali ye "Busika Ekuseni"

Le ngqungquthela ibandakanya amaphulo amabini okuqala kwesi cwangciso, malunga nolwazi malunga nombhali kunye nendawo yomsebenzi emsebenzini wakhe. Umzekelo wokuhlalutya kwenkondlo kaPushkin kufuneka ifake iinkcukacha ezihambelana ngqo nomsebenzi ophantsi kokuqwalaselwa: umhla kunye nendawo yokubhala, ukunikezelwa, iziganeko ezandulelayo, ukupapashwa kokuqala. Yintoni ebalulekileyo ukuyazi malunga nembali "yeBusika Ekuseni"?

U-A. S. Pushkin owayeneminyaka engamashumi amathathu ubudala, ehambelana nobuhle belizwe uN. Goncharova, owayengenempendulo yokuqala. Ngokudideka, umbongi uphula umthetho wokunqandwa kukaNicholas I kwaye uya eCaucasus, apho yena ngokwakhe uthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yempi. Ekubuyeni kwakhe, u tyelela kwidolophana yasePavlovskoye (iPhondo laseTver) kwindawo yePI Wolfe, apho echitha ixesha elithile lijikelezwe ngabahlobo abalungileyo, ebhala umsebenzi weengoma ngomhla kaNovemba 3, 1929, owawuthetha ngokugqithiseleyo. Ukulindeleke kwintlanganiso ekulindelwe ixesha elide kunye nomtshakazi omhle, ezandla zakhe zizimisele ukuphumeza kwakhona. Ngomnyaka olandelayo, inkondlo yapapashwa kwi-almanac ethi "Tsarskoe Selo", ingena kwingxowa yegolide yeengoma zomhlaba, ngokubonisa ngobuhle ubuhle baseRussia obugcwele imilingo. Ingqungquthela ayinaso ukuqaliswa, kodwa ibhaliwe ngendlela yencoko kunye nentombi encinci, apho umlobi ufuna ukuhlanganyela ngokubonga okubonwayo.

Uhlobo kunye nomxholo wenkondlo

Ukuqaphela uhlobo, kufuneka ukwazi ulwazi lweempawu zalo, kwaye uqonde ukuba yeyiphi indawo ethathayo kumsebenzi wombhali. Isihloko siya kunceda ukuphendula umbuzo wendlela yokwenza uhlalutyo lombongo. Umzekelo wohlalutyo olulandelayo lu landela umxholo othi "Ubusuku Busika", oya kuqwalaselwa kule ntloko.

Umsebenzi ubonakala njengento engathandabuzekiyo kunye neyomntu onobomi, i-monologue ebhekiswe ebuhleni obuhle. Le miqondiso yoluhlobo oluthile olunemigaqo -ndlela: uthando, ifilosofi, imbali, ukuma komhlaba kunye nempi. In style "yohlobo lwezityalo zasebusika" kuchaza ubuhle bemvelo, okukuvumela ukuba ubhekise umkhiqizo kwinqanaba leengoma zomhlaba, apho uA. S. Pushkin engumlawuli ongapheliyo. Ubudlelwane phakathi kweemeko zendalo kunye nendoda, utshintsho olungalindelekanga lwamazwe abo ahlukeyo ngumxholo oyintloko wenkondlo, echaphazela ukhetho lomlobi kwindlela yokudweba.

Isalathiso nokubunjwa

Ayikho yonke imibongo enecebo. "Ebusika Ekuseni" yonke into yakhiwe ngokucamngca komhlobiso omhlophe wohlobo lwebusika oluzayo, oluvusa imizwa evuya. Ukususela ekumameni imvelo kunye neenkumbulo, umbhali uyaqhubeka ukuchaza indawo yendawo yokuhlala, ebonisa ukufudumala nokuthuthuzela. Ulandelelwano lwenguqu lubonisa ulwahlulo oluqhelekileyo olubhalwa yi-iambic enemilenze emine. Umzekelo wohlalutyo lwesondlo kufuneka uncede ukuchonga iinxalenye ze-semantic kunye neendlela zobugcisa ezivumela ukuba zihambelane ngokuhambelana.

"Ngentsasa yasebusika" iphulwe ngumlobi kwiinqanaba ezinhlanu zemizila emithandathu (i-sextin), nganye leyo ibonisa umfanekiso ohlukileyo, izaliswe iinkcukacha ezicacileyo:

• Ukumenywa kwelanga lokusasa kwentsimbi kunye nomnqweno wokuwabelana nomhlobo olele.
• Izikhumbuzo zeblizzard zangezolo.
• Inkcazo yobuhle bemvelo ngaphandle kwefestile.
• Ukumelwa kwezinto zangaphakathi kwigumbi.
• Ukukhuthaza intsikelelo enhle ngokuthanda.

Isixhobo esona sikhulu sobuciko kunye neso sixhobo, ukudibanisa iinxalenye ndawonye, bekuyi-antithesis (inkcaso). Kukho kumgca wokuqala: "iqhwa nelanga", kwaye emva kokungafani kwezolo ("Vechor") kunye nokusa kusasa ("ngoku ngoku") kuyingqongqo yombongo.

Iqhawe lelizwi,

Ngomsebenzi weenkondlo kubakho iqhawe elivakalayo. "Ekuseni kweHlabathi" - ngulo mbhali kunye nentombazana (umncedisi), apho i-monologue yakhe iqondiswa khona. Iqhawe libhekisela kwintombazana enamazwi: "Umhlobo othandekayo," "omhle," "umhlobo othandekayo," obonisa indlela awajonga ngayo. Kukubonakaliswa kwentando, uthando kunye nokunyamekela. Uhlalutyo lombongo oyingqungquthela, umzekelo wokuba uqwalaselwe kwinqaku, ulungiselela ukuchongwa komsebenzi jikelele.

Ukusuka kumigca yokuqala kukho ukukhanya kunye novuyo kuyo, nangona kwisigcaziso sesibini kukho iinkumbulo zesantlungu sangaphambili. Kodwa oku kwahlukileyo kwomeleza isimo sengqondo esifanelekileyo, simkhombe ekutyeni kunye nefowuni yokwabelana ngolonwabo kunye nomgca-mbonisi.

Isigama sesibongo

Uninzi lwamagama lulula kwaye luqondakala, nangona umbhali esebenzisa imimiselo nemibonakude engapheliyo, intsingiselo yalo ichazwe kumfanekiso ongentla. Phakathi kweelwimi ezibhekiselele kuyo, indawo ekhethekileyo ihlala iindawo eziphambili. Ngomsebenzi omncinci, zenzeka ngezihlandlo ezili-18, zinika umfanekiso, sibonga ukuba ubani unokucinga engqondweni yakhe indawo ebusika enobusika, kunye ne-blizzard yangezolo, kunye nokuthula okuzinzileyo kokuhlobisa kwangaphakathi kwendlu. Umzekelo wokuhlalutya umbongo ungenakwenzeka ngaphandle kokubala zonke izixhobo zolwimi ezisetyenziswe ngumlobi. Phakathi kwabo: ukuthelekisa, iziqulatho kunye nezinto ezichaziweyo.

Iqhawe lifanisa intombi yakhe kwi "nkwenkwezi yasenyakatho", kunye nenyanga - kunye "nebala". Kodwa ezona nto zinomdla kakhulu ukuthelekiswa ngomqondo ongokomfuziselo - izifuzo. Ngoko, igumbi likhanyisa "ukukhanya kwe-amber", okuphucula ukuvakalelwa kwelanga. Ukuveliswa kukunikela ngezinto ezingapheliyo kwiipropati zabantu. Ku-A.S. Pushkin, i-blizzard iyakwazi "ukuthukuthela", kwaye ihavu "ligugile" esibhakabhakeni esinesibhakabhaka, esenza imibala eqaqambileyo kumsebenzi wobugcisa.

I-Pictorial ithetha

Iindlela zendlela ezisetyenziswa ngumbhali zinomdla. Uvuyo oluqala ekuqaleni komsebenzi luhambisa iimfesane eziba yintetho xa ithetha ngokufudumala kwekhaya. Imvakalelo ethile ibonisa imibuzo, kubandakanywa neengcali. Umbongo ulawulwa zizivakalisi ezilula kunye nentetho echanekileyo, ukunika ukukhanya nokugxininisa umoya wokuvuya.

Umzekelo wokuhlaziywa kombongo, ukhankanyiweyo kwinqaku, awukwazi ukugubungela zonke iindlela zokubonisa imifanekiso, kodwa omnye ufanele ahlale kulabo abanika ingqungquthela yombongo weengcamango ezikhethekileyo. Ngoncedo lwe-alliteration (ukuphoqelela ukukhawuleza kunye nezandi zomsindo) kunye ne-assonance (ukuphindaphinda kwee-vowels), umfundi ubonakala eva ukukhutshulwa kwesitofu, ukunyathelwa kwehashe kunye ne-creak yekhephu. Umbhali usebenzisa kwaye aphindaphinda izandi ezibuhlungu (anaphora): "kunye ne-spruce ...", "kunye nomlambo ...". Oku kuphucula impembelelo yomsebenzi we-lyric.

I-Rhyme, Rhyme Techniques

Ukusetyenziswa kwe -iamb ezine eneemilenze ngumlobi kunikeza inkondlo amandla kunye nethemba, ngokuba iamb yenye yezona zikhulu kakhulu ezicacileyo kunye nobukhulu obukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kwisicatshulwa kukho amagama ("gorgeous", "impatient"), ukuphula ubukhulu besigqi (pyrrhic). Umbhali usebenzisa ngobuchule ubuchule bokulibaziseka umfundi kwaye adlulisele ingcamango ebonisa isimo sangaphakathi sesibindi: ukudabuka, ukukhathazeka, umnqweno "lolwandle oluhle". Lo mzekelo wokuhlalutya kwenkondlo evela kwincwadi kuya kuphelelanga ukuba umntu akawuboni ukwakhiwa kwengqungquthela.

Ikhonkco lokupheliswa kwemigca yokuqala, yesibini, yesine neyesibini kwimihlathi nganye yesibini, kunye nesingqungquthela sesithathu kunye nesithandathu (kunye nesigqi). Ngokutsho kwe-syllable ukuxininiswa kweli gama lokugqibela lomgca, iziqulatho zihlukaniswe zibe ngabesifazana nabesilisa. "Ekuseni kweBusika" bahlukile, kodwa besetyhini, apho i-syllable ephambili ibonakala ibe yinto ebalulekileyo. Oku kukuvumela ukuba udibanise ikhefu kunye nokuphela kwemigca, unike inkondlo isigqi ofunayo. Kulo nqanaba lesine kuphela ongabona umgca wendlela kunye nokwakhiwa kwekhefu elongezelelweyo, ukukunceda ukuqonda intsingiselo yembongo yonke.

Intlangano

Ukungafani kwemigca yePushkin kukuba uninzi lweemvumi zibamba ukudibanisa kweempawu kunye nokudala umculo omangalisayo ohambelana nomoya wembongo. Enye yemisebenzi engcono kakhulu yinto yokwakhiwa kweG. Sviridov, eyakhiwe ngokwahlukileyo. I-alliteration ne-assonance esele ikhankanywe kakade ayibambeleli "kwiHlabathi yaseBusika", inika indlela yokudibanisa izandi zemibala eyahlukeneyo yomzwelo. Ezi zandi ngamanye amaxesha zifumaneka kwigama elinye okanye ezimbini ezikufutshane: [n], [p] kunye [n]. Umzekelo wokuhlalutya umbongo uya kuphelelwa ngaphandle kokuqinisekiswa kwitekisi ngombhalo:

• "Ubumba lwe-Amber";
• "Ngomso wosuku";
• "Ihlathi elibala";
• "Ungenayo i-raplet";
• "Unobungqina obunamandla".

Ukwahlukana kunokulandelwa ukutshintshwa kweelwimi ukusuka ekukhanyeni, izandi ezintle [e, n, c, l, m] kunye nomncinci, omnyama [x, x, h, w], apho i-AS Pushkin yayingakhange iqaphele. Ingqiqo yakhe kukuba ngokuphefumlelwa kwakhe wasebenzisa yonke inceba yobutyebi baseRashiya.

Isimo sokufunda

Ungabhala njani uhlalutyo lweenkondlo? Umzekelo ubonisa imfuno yolwazi lwenkcazo yokuqinisekiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamacandelo okufundisa nokuqonda. Nangona kunjalo, uhlalutyo luya kuhlala luphelelanga xa ungagqithisi imbono yobuqu bomsebenzi wobugcisa:

• Ziziphi iimvakalelo ezibangela imbongi yeebongozi?
• Ingaba umxholo kunye neemvakalelo ze-hero hero zifumana impendulo?
• Ziyintoni ukubaluleka kwezi vesi?

"Ngentsasa yasebusika" inelungelo lokuthanda ubomi, ithemba kunye nokunyamekela ubuhle bendalo. Lithwala ngokwalo ifilosofi yokubambisana komntu kunye nehlabathi elikujikelezile, unako ukunika wonke umntu amandla okomoya kunye nokuqinisa umnqweno wokuphila.