Umthwalo wemfanelo wabasebenzi kumqeshi: iintlobo, imida. Umthwalo wemfanelo womqeshwa ngomonakalo obangelwa kumqeshi

Inyaniso yokuba elinye iqela, liyingxenye yobudlelwane bezengqesho, liyahlwaywa ngenye inxaxheba, icacisiwe kwi-Code Code. Umthetho uchaza ukuba xa kukho uxanduva lomsebenzi kumqeshi, umenzi wobubi kufuneka ahlawule umonakalo obangelwe ngenxa yale nto.

Ulwazi jikelele

Kwimvumelwano yengqesho ngokwayo okanye isivumelwano esenziwe ngokwongeziweyo, imiphumo ethile ichazwe kwiimeko ezithile. Ngelo xesha, umxholo oyintloko kukuba, ngokwenene, i-Code Code. Ngoko ke, uxanduva lwemali lomqeshwa kumqeshi alukwazi ukusekwa ngasentla, kwaye uxanduva lomqeshi luphantsi kunokuba lunikwe lo mthetho kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo.

Nangona xa isivumelwano sekhontrakthi siphelile, amaqela akhululwa kuwo. Uxanduva lwabaqeshwa kumqeshi luza xa kukho imimiselo emininzi, enye yezo zinto ezingekho mthethweni zomsebenzi. Ngexesha elifanayo, eli lilandelayo libonisa umonakalo othile owenziweyo.

Izifundo kunye neemfanelo zabo

Ingaba ngumthwalo wembopheleleko womqeshwa kumqeshi. Iintlobo zezifundo zincinci kula maqela athe angena kwisivumelwano somsebenzi.

Umbopheleleko wokuhlawula umonakalo kumqeshi ulawulwa yiSiqendu 238 se-LC RF. Ngokutsho kwakhe, umqeshwa uhlawula umonakalo obangelwayo, okwenene kunye ngqo. Umonakalo olunjalo ukunciphisa ngokwenene kwipropati, ukungonakaliswa kwayo okanye imfuno yomqeshi ukusebenzisa imali ukuhlawula umonakalo ngenxa yezenzo ezibangelwa ngumqeshwa.

Xa kungekho mfuneko yokuhlawula umonakalo

Nangona kunjalo, uxanduva lwabaqeshwa kumqeshi alufiki ukuba kukho ubungqina obungenakubuyiswa, ubuncipheko kwezoqoqosho, ukukhusela, ukubaluleka okukhulu okanye ukungaphumeleli ukuzalisekisa izibophelelo zabo zabaqeshi ngokulungiselela izimo eziqhelekileyo zokugcina ezi zinto. Ukongeza, umqeshi unelungelo lokunqaba ukufumana imali evela kumqeshwa yomonakalo obangelwe. Oku kuchazwe kwiSiqendu 240 seKhowudi. Kodwa ukuba umnini wepropati ephangiweyo akayena umqeshi, ngoko unako ukukhawulela eli lungelo ngokuhambelana nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yomthetho kokubaluleka komthetho kunye nenqanaba lamaziko achaphazelekayo eRussian Federation, kunye ne-MLA kunye ngqo namaxwebhu enkonzo ethile.

Umthwalo ongezantsi kunye nolawulo olupheleleyo lwemali yomqeshwa kumqeshi

Inqaku elilandelayo elimiselwe kumthetho ngumda. Kuhambelana nabo ukuba uxanduva lwabasebenzi kumqeshi luya kufika. Oku kuchazwe kwinqaku 241. Ngokwalo, isijeziso singenakuphakama kunomyinge wesilinganiso semvuzo wenyanga. Kodwa iziganeko zoxanduva olupheleleyo lwemali lomqeshwa kumqeshi ziboniswa ngokwahlukileyo (Isiqendu 243):

• Xa uxanduva olupheleleyo lubekwa kuqala ngumthetho.
• Ukuba kukho ukunqongophala kwezinto ezixabisekileyo eziphathisiwe phantsi kwesivumelwano esikhethekileyo.
• Ngocalulo lwendalo.
• Ngenxa yomonakalo obangelwa utywala okanye utywala.
• Ngenxa yesiphulo-mthetho (emva kwesigwebo senkundla).
• Ngenxa yecala lolawulo.
• Ukuba iimbopheleleko phantsi kwesivumelwano asizalisekanga.
• Ngenxa yokubhengezwa kweemfihlelo, ezenziwa ngumthetho unoburhwebo, isisemthethweni okanye isimo sombuso.

Umthwalo wemfanelo yomqeshwa umonakalo obangelwa kumqeshi, omele uhlawulwe ngokugcwele, unokwenziwa ngesivumelwano somsebenzi esenziwa phakathi kwamaqela, apho i-akhawunti yomphathi okanye i-deputy intloko isebenza njengomqeshwa. Oku kulawulwa yiCandelo le-242. Ngokutsho kwalo, kwimeko yolawulo olupheleleyo lwemali kumqeshwa kumqeshi, yokuqala ibuyisela umonakalo othile (osebenzayo) ngokugcwele. Kodwa lo mgaqo usebenza kuphela xa kukho uphawu olucacileyo lomthetho.

Ngaloo ndlela, kuvela ukuba imida yomthwalo wemfanelo yomqeshwa kumqeshi ugcwele kwaye uyancinci. Uhlobo lokuqala esilucacile ngalo, ngoku siza kumisa okwesibini. Uxanduva, oluza kwifom encinane, alulwanga ngokuthe ngqo ngumthetho. Nangona kunjalo, ngokwenziwa kwezi zilandelayo ziimeko:

• Ukulimala okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kwepropati ngenxa yokunganakwa;
• Ukungaphumeleli kwemali, ukulahleka okanye ukuphazamiseka kwanoma yimaphi amaxwebhu, okanye intlawulo ngenxa yezenzo zesigwebo.

Ubudala kunye noxanduva

Xa uqikelele umthwalo wemfanelo yomqeshwa ngomonakalo obangelwa kumqeshi, ubudala bomqeshwa kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo. Ngaloo ndlela, abantu abangeneminyaka engama-18 ubudala baya kuthwala ngokugcwele kuphela xa ubungozi bezenzo kubangelwe ngenxa yokuxiliswa kotywala okanye iziyobisi kunye ngenxa yokuthunyelwa kwesenzo esingekho mthethweni esinikezela isijeziso sobugebengu okanye solawulo. Izivumelwano malunga noxanduva olupheleleyo zigqitywa kuphela ngabantu abadala abasebenzisa nokukhonza izixabiso: imali, impahla okanye enye. Imisebenzi kunye neendidi zalabo abawela phantsi kohlobo loxanduva bayavunyelwa nguRhulumente waseRussia Federation.

Umthwalo kunye kunye nomntu ngamnye

Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko, umthwalo wemfanelo yomqeshwa kumqeshi uhlukile. Iintlobo: ezidibeneyo (i-brigade) kunye nomntu ngamnye. Amacala okuqala ayenzeka xa kungekho nangoko ukuhambisa imida yomonakalo obangelwa ngumqeshwa ngamnye. Emva koko isivumelwano sagqitywa malunga nalo mqeshi kunye neqela lonke. Xa kufika imiphumo, umqeshwa kufuneka abonise ubungqina bakhe bokungabamsulwa kunye nokungabi namacala.

Xa umonakalo uhlawulelwa ngokuzithandela, ngoko ubukhulu bayo bunqunywe kwisivumelwano esahlukileyo, esicwangcisa iphoso ngalinye ngalunye. Ukuba umonakalo uqokelelwa ngokulandelelana kwenkqubo yokugweba, iphoso kunye nokubandakanyeka kwabasebenzi zichongiwe ngqo yinkantolo.

Ngaphambi kokuqokelela umonakalo, umqeshi unyanzelekile ukuseka ukuba yintoni umonakalo obangelwayo. Kule nto uboshwe yiCandelo le-247 leKhowudi. Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukufumana inkcazo yale nyaniso ngokubhaliweyo evela kumqeshwa. Ukuba akazange avume ukuchazela okanye aphephe loo mbopheleleko, ngoko kwenziwa isenzo esahlukileyo malunga nale nto.

Kuzo zonke izinto zokuqinisekisa, ukuba zifunwa, umqeshwa angazifunda kwaye azibhenxe ukuba ubona kuyimfuneko.

Uxanduva lomntu ngamnye kumqeshi luphelile. Ukuba kukho isivumelwano esinjalo sigqitywa ngokwemimiselo eqhelekileyo esekelwe isigqibo seSebe lezeMisebenzi ngo-2002.

Umonakalo uhlawulwa njani?

Umonakalo oqokelelwe kumqeshwa ufunyaniswe netyala? Oku kuchazwe kwiSiqendu 248. Ukuba umqeshi uye wasuka kwinkqubo eseleyo, umqeshwa unelungelo lokumangalela malunga nalokhu.

Umonakalo unokuhlawulelwa ngokuzithandela. Ukongezelela, isivumelwano esongezelelweyo singagqitywa, zeziphi izitolimenti ezinikezelwa kule njongo. Emva koko umqeshwa uzama ukubuyisela umonakalo kwishedyuli ethile, kwaye le nyaniso ibhalwe ngokubhaliweyo. Ngethuba elifanayo, xa eyeka kwaye enqaba ukuhlawula imali efunyenweyo, ngoko kukho ukuqhubeka kwixesha elizayo, ngenxa yoko ityala liya kufunyanwa ngokuya kwisigqibo senkundla.

Ukuba umqeshi uyavuma, imbuyekezo yomonakalo inokwenzeka ngokudluliselwa kwepropati efanayo. Ukongeza, ipropati esele ichithiwe ingagqitywa ngumqeshwa. Kule meko, umqeshi udlulisela le propati kwiqela elinegunya, kwaye lo mva wenza umsebenzi awathembisayo ngaye.

Ukuba umqeshwa ushiya

Imbuyekezo iyafumaneka ngokubhekiselele kwinqaku le-249. Ukuba umqeshwa unqatshelwe ngaphambi kwexesha elipheleleyo lokuhlawulela ngokupheleleyo, kungekho sizathu esilungileyo, kufuneka ahlawule umqeshi ngeendleko ezenzelwe nguye ukuqeqeshwa, kubalwa ngokulinganayo nokusebenza kwangethuba emva koqeqesho.

Igunya eligunyazisiweyo lokuqhuba iingxabano zabasebenzi linganciphisa inani lokuhlawula. Isigqibo senziwa xa kuqwalasela ifom kunye nesantya setyala, kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo kunye nemeko yomqeshwa. Kodwa isigqibo esinjalo kungasetyenziswanga ukuba umonakalo ufunyenwe ngenxa yokuthunyelwa kwesenzo esisohlwayo ngumqeshwa ngeenjongo zobugovu.

Ukulungiswa kweenkqubo zomthetho

Ngamanye amaxesha umqeshi kufuneka ahambe enkundleni. Emva koko unikela ngolwazi olulandelayo ukwenzela ukuba umthwalo wemfanelo yomqeshwa kumqeshi eze:

1. Umqeshwa ukhulula ngokuzithandela isivumelwano.
2. Ukuphunyezwa akunakwenzeka ngumyalelo.
3. Isixa semonakalo sikhulu kunomvuzo wenyanga.
4. Umqeshi akahlawulwanga ngeendleko zokuqeqesha ezenziwa ngumqeshwa.
5. Kwakudingeka ahlawule umonakalo obangelwa ngumqeshwa.

Ilungelo lokufaka isicelo enkundleni lihlala kungakapheli unyaka ukususela kwimeko apho ingozi yafunyanwa.

Ukulungisa isigqibo enkundleni

NgoNovemba 16, 2006, iPlenum yeNkundla ePhakamileyo ikhuphe isigqibo esingu-52. Ilawula indlela umthwalo wemali yomqeshwa kumqeshi ifakwa ngayo. Ikhonkco yesampula iboniswa ngezantsi. Ummiselo, ngokukodwa, uchaza ukuba ukuze kusombulule ityala lokulimala, kubakho ubungqina obufunekayo, umthwalo owela kumqeshi. Ngokukodwa, kufuneka anikezele inkundla ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Ulwazi malunga nokungabikho kwezi meko apho umthwalo ongenamkhawulo okanye ogcweleyo womqeshwa kumqeshi ungabandakanywa.
2. Ukungalunganga komqeshwa.
3. Iphuso lakhe ekufikeleleni kwimiphumo eyingozi.
4. Ukuqhagamshelana phakathi komonakalo obangelwe kunye nezenzo zomqeshwa, ezingekho mthethweni.
5. Ubuninzi bomonakalo, obunjani kwimvelo kunye nobukhulu bayo obukhulu.
6. Ubungqina bokuba inkontileka ("Umxanduva lomqeshwa kumqeshi"), isampuli ephantsi, yahlonishwa ngokupheleleyo.

Ngaloo xesha umqeshwa unyanzelekile ukubonakalisa ukungabikho kwetyala kwinto yokuba umonakalo wabangelwa. Ukuba ityala liye labonakaliswa, umthwalo wokubuyisela uwele kuye, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ulawulo, ulwalathiso okanye ulwaphulo-mthetho lwenzeka okanye cha.