Ulwazi okwe - olu lwazi ... Iimpawu

Ulwazi - le yenye nto ibalulekileyo ngumntu. Bekuya kuba nzima ukuba nomfanekiso inkcubeko yethu, kunye nabantu abaninzi, ukuba kwakungenjalo. Yintoni ekuthiwa ulwazi? Ntoni na iimpawu? Ziziphi iintlobo isabelo sayo? Kuthetha ukuthini iinkqubo zolwazi? Njani kwenzeka? Le mibuzo neminye emininzi umbhali uzama ukunika impendulo ngaphakathi nqaku.

Yintoni ekuthiwa ulwazi: iintlobo yayo

Phantsi ulwazi ekujongwe intsingiselo, nto leyo iqulethwe ngokoqobo lokusingqongileyo. Kokuba kujongwe oscillation isandi okanye reflection evela iindawo bezinto. Ngokusekelwe kwi sicelo, loo amanqanaba ekwanti ulwazi:

• kwezentlalo nezopolitiko;
• ukusebenza komzimba;
• nezentlalo yoqoqosho;
• isayensi nobuchwepheshe;
• iikhemikhali kunye eziphilayo.

Kwakhona kuyenzeka ukuba bayenze ukwahlulwa ngeentlobo, kuxhomekeke indlela yayo yomelo:

• ulwazi umbhalo;
• graphics;
• ubuntu;
• umsindo.

Kukho kwakhona qheke yeendidi inkcazelo kuxhomekeka umlinganiswa yayo yangaphakathi.

1. Constant (emile) okanye umahluko (onamandla).
2. Front (Primary), esiphakathi (ithe) kunye lokugqibela (output).
3. Ulawulo ubuza.
4. Luluvo kunye nenjongo.

Ngokutsho umthwalo kwisemantiki ziyahluka ulwazi lutho okanye luncedo.

Ukuba ufuna ukuqonda bokuqonda, apho kukho ilungiselelo lolwazi, uncedo ikhompyutha nangakumbi kubudlelwane ezikhoyo phakathi kwe data ezahlukeneyo. Kulo mzekelo, kuya kuba kuhle ukuba uwazi cybernetics, leyo ufunda amathuba ukuphembelela ulwazi ukuze kufikelelwe isiphumo ezinqwenelekayo. Kodwa eli nqaku uthi nje ukunika isiseko theoretical component.

ulwazi kwempahla

Xa umntu efumana naziphi na iinkcukacha, iqwalasela ngenxa kulandelayo:

• ukugcwala;
• ixabiso;
• ukuthembeka;
• ukufaneleka;
• ukucaciselwa;
• ukukholisa;
• nabubufutshane.

Ngoku cinga ngendlela data zibonwa ukusuka kwindawo engaphandle.

umbono ulwazi

Akukho nzima ukubona ukuba isebenzisa izivamvo ezintlanu: ukuva, ukubona, ivumba, bangcamle yaye baphathe. Apho ezimbini zokuqala pripadaet malunga-90% yazo zonke data.

Ulwazi ubonakala ngumntu kwifomu ebhaliweyo okanye yomlomo kuthiwa umqondiso okanye uphawu. Ngoko, xa siqwalasela ulwimi Russian, itekisi yethu wabumba oonobumba, amanani, amaxesha, iikoma, izibiyeli kunye namagama afanayo. Kodwa le miqondiso zithathwa na kwathiwa, kunye nesandi. Iingcali ngeelwimi zibhekisela kuwo phonemes. Zakha amagama uze izivakalisi. Kwaye le meko akukho nto iphosakeleyo kuba wafika kuqala, yaye kuphela emva koko nokubhala.

Yintoni na ulwazi imilo?

Oku ethile uhlobo lwe data, leyo ukuba bayeke ukuba ulandelelwano ethile amazwi, Awukwazi ukumelwa kokubhaliweyo, kumzobo okanye into elolo hlobo.

ulwazi okwe - le into ayifuni ubukho amajelo onxibelelwano lenkundla. Kuba kwanele enye amorphous. Ngamanye amazwi, oku akuthethi ukuba physical isakhiwo esithile othwala kunye imida ecacileyo ecacileyo.

ulwazi okwe - na ukungcangcazela, ukukhanya kunye ezifanayo kuzo iziqalelo. Ngoko ke, ilanga likhupha imitha kuwo onke amacala. Kuyinto umthombo wokukhanya, kodwa abazilungiseleli bona ngokwabo. Yazisa yenethiwekhi kule meko yinto engenakwenzeka. Kakade ke, siyazi ukuba kukho amasuntswana ezifana ziluhlaza, kwaye ukukhanya, kodwa ukubonisa nabo ngendlela ecacileyo nencwadi okanye eprintiweyo kwifayile yombhalo, thina asikwazi.

ulwazi okwe - nyewe leyo, nangona nakwenzeka yokubonisa eziqhelekileyo, ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukuba uthe wavuka kwabanye mlilo kunye liyafukuka ihlabathi (okanye kukho amathuba eliphezulu yenkqubo efana), ukuba nangona kungekho zinto zifuneka kuqala esithile, wonke umntu uyazi ukuba indlu kule ndawo kungcono ukuba ukwakha - amathuba eliphezulu kakhulu ukusilela.

Yintoni na ulwazi yokomfuziselo?

Sayina ulwazi yidata na enkhowudwa yi kulandelelwano ezithile zeesimboli. Basenokuba ishwankathelwe kokubhaliweyo, neefomyula, iitshathi, kwaye ngaphezulu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-ulwazi zoqobo, nto leyo ke into yokufunda of cybernetics kwaye lisebenza njengesiseko ubugcisa bolwazi mihla.

Idatha yale hlobo encedisa ziguqulelwa ngolandelelwano ziikhowudi enokusasazwa phezu ijelo lonxibelelwano. Ngaphezu koko kukho khowudi yasiwa kumbhalo elandelayo kunye familiarization ngemixholo. Njengoko ubona, ziboniswa apho iimpawu lolwazi ukuba enokusasazwa ngaphandle ilahleko, okanye uhlaba kancane intsingiselo.

transfer data

Ulwazi phakathi kwabantu yosulela ileta okanye intetho. Zonke iinketho zinokwenzeka njengolwimi lonxibelelwano. ifomu yokomfuziselo nabo usebenza nabo. Yahlulahlulwe yaba ezi ndidi zilandelayo:

1. iilwimi Natural. Oku kuquka nantoni na yomlomo kunye nefom ebhaliweyo Belarusian, Ukrainian, Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovenian kunye nabanye.
2. Olusesikweni iilwimi (ngumntu). Xa Imizekelo iquka zemathematika, emzimbeni, nomculo orekhodiweyo, kwakunye ikhowudi program.

Nganye kwezi lwimi ibonelelwe oonobumba wayo, nto leyo eqingqiweyo zeesimboli emele iimpawu ezithile. Ukuba sithetha iilwimi ezisemthethweni, inkqubo wendalo zisebenzise kulula, enkosi izakhono ze-data kwi intsingiselo ocacile.

iinkqubo

Le nkcazelo kusetyenzwa, zigcinwe yaye idluliselwe. Ukuze wenze oku, enze izenzo ezithile ekuthiwa iinkqubo.

Ukugcinwa ingasetyenziselwa sangaphandle: yeengcongolo, izikhumba, iphepha, ifilim, iiCD, flash drives, kwaye ngaphezulu. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba ukhangela ngokusondeleyo, umntu ngokwakhe yokugcina ulwazi: oko ebuchotsheni kanye zofuzo.

Ukudluliselwa yinkqubo endlela-mbini apho kukho kusoloko kukho umthombo (samaza) kunye ngumamkeli (receiver). Njengoko ijelo lonxibelelwano zonxibelelwano eendaba (unomathotholo, umabonakude, inethiwekhi esuka kwikhompyutha), okanye umoya leyo ohambisa zingasetyenziswa amaza omsindo. Akukho / vusa izinto inokufana imvelaphi nendawo yesiphelo data.

indawo yokubeka

Abantu nokugcina ulwazi okanye kwimemori yangaphakathi, okanye kwimidiya yangaphandle. Yintoni esimele siyikhumbule, sisoloko ziyafumaneka. Ngokomzekelo, idilesi yasekhaya, inombolo yakho yomnxeba. Kodwa ukubiza umntu lowo unxibelelwano alukho rhoqo, kuya kuba yimfuneko sele ukusebenzisa incwadi yokubhalela.

Ukuzoba isifaniso ngekhompyutha, memory umntu kuthiwe ukusebenza, ngamanye ezinjalo kweso idlala umva ulwazi olugcinwe. Yaye kuthekani ezi iintyilalwazi, iincwadi, adume ngazo? Aba imemori yangaphandle yomntu.

Ngenxa unreliability lweentlobo wezasekhaya kwaye zisetyenziswe zombini. Ukongeza, ngoncedo lwe memory bangaphandle angathumela ulwazi phakathi izizukulwana, lo gama kugcinwe ukuchaneka zazo eziphakamileyo. Kwaye ndawonye ke - zigcinwa ulwazi ngokubanzi ekhoyo emntwini.

ukudluliselwa

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngokufuthi kufuneka ukuthatha inxaxheba kule nqubo yokuchaza data. Enye yeendima emibini ebalulekileyo ukudluliselwa kolwazi. Oko kwenziwe ngexesha lencoko ngqo, ngembalelwano okanye ukusetyenziswa iindlela zobugcisa zokunxibelelana: kamabonakude, unomathotholo, ngomnxeba. Umntu ngamnye yanjalo litshintsha indima imvelaphi kunye receiver, kuxhomekeka umsebenzi.

Kwinkqubo yokosulela kwe data kusenokwenzeka igqwethekile okanye yalahleka, ukuba umgangatho imijelo inkcazelo ulihlwempu. Cinga nonxibelelwano ngomnxeba, xa kwakukho uxhulumaniso embi.

Kukho iindidi ezahlukeneyo gciwane. Umzekelo, ulwazi okubhaliweyo lwenziwa kumajelo ethile: yeengcongolo, izikhumba, iphepha. Kodwa oku kuphela ukhetho kunokwenzeka. iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo zingenziwa ezidluliselwa kuzo zonke kuyo nayiphi na into: tablets, ezibukhali, disks nzima, kunye nezinye izinto.

processing

Olu hlobo yokugqibela lweenkqubo zolwazi. Masiqalise kunye umzekelo aqhelekileyo - ngesisombululo ingxaki zezibalo. Masithi kufuneka amaxabiso emacaleni uxande, kwaye kufuneka ukufumana indawo yayo. Ukusombulula le ngxaki, ukongeza ezithile data, kufuneka sazi ulawulo lweMathematika ngakumbi ngayo ukuphumeza le njongo. Kulo mzekelo, processing kuphothulwe ukuba ulwazi olutsha sifumana ngoncedo izibalo izakwenziwa yokuqala.

Kodwa kuphela njengenye yeenketho kunokwenzeka. Ayizizo zonke inkqubo unyango a izibalo. Khumbula imixholo iincwadi Artura Konan Doyle kaThixo Sherlock Holmes. Ophambili njengoko ingcaciso wokuqala ubungqina kuphela ubhideke abantu (rhoqo yaye iphikisana) kunye ubungqina. Kodwa ngoncedo ingqiqo Holmes wakwazi ukucacisa iziganeko kunye nokuveza mthetho. Izenzo ezinjalo ingabonwa kwaye ngomsebenzi le wamacala mihla.

Ngoko ke, logic yabantu kwakhona inkqubo lwemithetho ngawo iinkcukacha kusetyenzwa kwaye ulwazi omnye ifunyenwe ngokwesiseko enye. Kodwa loo nto bonke. Inkqubo unyango akufuneki ukuba kubopheleleka ukuba avelise ubungqina omtsha okanye ulwazi.

Thatha ujongo kwi ootitshala ulwimi khangela imisebenzi "Ndifuna ntoni ukuba xa ukhule phezulu" okanye "adventure yam ehlotyeni." Abawenza zokusombulula, ukulungisa kwabo waza wabeka zokuhlola ezifanelekileyo. Oku kwakhona njengenye yeenketho data kunokwenzeka. Kwaye le nkqubo yenziwe ngaphandle naluphi na utshintsho imixholo yazo. Ngapha koko, Kunzima ukucinga imeko apho utitshala aya ebalelwa ukwakhiwa izibakala ezintsha okanye izimvo. Ukutshintsha kuphela ifomu kwaye hayi umxholo.

Omnye umzekelo - test uguqulelo kolunye ulwimi. Kwakhona, utshintsho kwimilo kwenziwa, kodwa hayi umxholo. Kwaye umzekelo lokugqibela processing ulwazi - na ikhowudi yayo, apho ufumana olu hlobo, nto leyo nzima kakhulu ukufunda bonke abo ngabo ayenzelwanga.