Iingoma ezipholileyo zandi. isicelo Practical. Impembelelo abantu

Ukuphila kweli hlabathi kwamaza ezahlukeneyo, omnye rhoqo uba impembelelo yesandi. Iingoma ezipholileyo Sound - ayikho nje yinkolelo abehamba naye kuyo yonke indawo, kodwa ngumthombo iziyolo, kodwa sisixhobo ulwazi esinamandla. Ukwenza iintlobo ngeentlobo zemisebenzi, isandi uyakwazi lokulumkisa ngengozi, ulonwabo, abe yindlela yonxibelelwano. Kuyasivuyisa ukuphulaphula iintaka zicula, umculo ethambileyo, angene incoko kunye nabanye abantu.

zibalulekile nje kuphela abantu, kodwa kwanangenxa izilwanyana esebenzisa isandi ukuze basinde intlokoma zandi.

Ngobume bayo, isandi ke amaza zoomatshini ilastiki, ezinako ukukulumkisela basasaze e eziqinileyo, ezilulwelo, yande. omsindo intlokoma zeSandi kunokubangela lokungcangcazela (oscillations mechanical), nto leyo ngokufuthi iliso ongabonakaliyo. Yi isandi imithombo singabandakanya imizimba obonisa ngomzuzwana (namanwele okanye lokungcangcazela) ngamnye kunye rhoqo kanye 16-20000. Iingoma ezipholileyo Sound kunokubangela imizimba eziqinileyo (umtya uqweqwe), sukube (umoya jet), engamanzi (amaza elwandle).

Phakathi iimpawu isandi ukwahlula parameters ezimbini: ilizwi - intlokoma sound frequency; umthamo - a sonic wave awo. Iyunithi ye mqulu uthathwa ukuba abe 1 Bel (it yathiywa emva omnye Umsunguli ngomnxeba - Aleksandra Grehema Bell). Phantse omnye UBhele ayisetyenziswa, kulula kakhulu ukuba ukusebenzisa decibels, lingana omnye-lweshumi Bel. Ukuze ube nomfanekiso ocace gca nenkalo lo mqulu ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ukuba-10 dB - ababetha ngayo; 20-30 dB ezihambelana nengxolo njengesiqhelo kwigumbi lokuhlala; 50 dB - oku ikhwelo umthamo avareji; amandla wengxolo 80 dB truck injini aphilileyo; ukusebenza komzimba umbundu ubuhlungu abantu kwenzeka 130 dB; 180 dB kunokukhokelela komsipha le indlebe.

Ukuqwalasela amaza isandi ezitsho ezahlukeneyo, a amaza aphezulu rhoqo ziquka ecula yeentaka, izandi ephantsi ziquka isandi injini elorini. Kuzo zonke iindidi zeepropati kunye neempawu ukuba kwahluka amaza zemvelo ezahlukeneyo, amaza omsindo sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Iipropati fluid baba isandi eli asetyenziswe Ukuhlolwa yolwandle. Zonke ezo ntlokoma aziwayo, umzekelo, alusetyenziselwa kuqaphela ukuba amabanga amaza. Umzekelo abagwayimbileyo banokuthi kuchazwe Amalulwane sonar yendalo.

A Uhlobo ekhethekileyo ultrasound intlokoma ive indlela ephumelelayo kakhulu ezandleni oogqirha kunye nezinye abaphandi. Ezi intlokoma ke amaza kunye ezitsho ka-20 000 Hz. Le imo oscillation lineqela iipropati ezizodwa. Watyhutyha ilizwe amanzi, i-ultrasound ukubila kwayo (cavitation) luye lubandakanywe ngayo isando amanzi. Ukusebenzisa izinto ultrasound nga ukhipha ukusuka kumphezulu intsimbi yokumisa eziqinileyo. Ultrasound ivumela Ukuxutywa iziselo ezo ezingadibaniyo phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, umzekelo, emulsions nesinqe ioli. Ultrasound uvumela saponification kwamafutha. Lo mgaqo amanga ukuhlanjwa koomatshini isixhobo. Impahla ultrasound ukuvelisa isiphumo atsho iye yasetyenziswa kwi cuke ngelotha yentsimbi.

A hlobo elikhethekileyo intlokoma ukuya ku-16 Hz kuthiwa infrasound. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba intlokoma kule qho kungaba nesiphumo buhlungu emzimbeni womntu. Xa amaza ka 4-8 Hz ziviwa Intshukumo enyama yangaphakathi, phinda ngo 12 Hz ichukumisa i eHamburg.

Le mithombo ukuze oomatshini infrasound kunye nomphezulu ezinkulu, ezenza intlokoma mechanical zobungakanani ephantsi (imvelaphi ngoomatshini) okanye ulwelo kunye neegesi elibaleka iipropati anzima (hydrodynamic okanye imvelaphi ashukimisayo).