Hans Albert Einstein - unyana wokuqala Alberta Eynshteyna and Mileva Maric: biography

Hans Albert Einstein - ke, unyana wesibini ka-kwenye yemvelo kakhulu kwisiqingatha sokuqala kule nkulungwane yamashumi amabini - Alberta Eynshteyna, nto leyo eye ezozinto awuyitshintshanga le ntetho emalunga nenzululwazi iphela.

uyise

Albert Einstein wazalwa ngo 15.03.1879, kwintsapho yamaYuda, owayephila ngelo xesha kwidolophu encinane waseJamani of Ulm. Kwakhe uyise German inkampani ephethwe, ukuba kwentloko elakho oomatrasi kunye nento ephakathi. Unina Albert yaba intombi umthengisi odumileyo kwidolophu lombona.

Ngowe-1880 intsapho Einstein wabangela ukuba eMunich. Apha, uyise ka-Albert kunye umninawa wakhe uYakobi wavula inkampani encinane evula izixhobo zombane. E Munich, udade-Albert Maria wazalwa. Xa isixeko efanayo okokuqala le nkwenkwe waya esikolweni. abantwana bakhe ukuya yamaKatolika. Ngokutsho bucala iinkumbulo le sisazinzulu, phakathi kweminyaka eli-13, wasuka iinkolelo zonqulo yaye yaqaliswa kwinzululwazi. Konke oko kuthethwa yiBhayibhile, oko wayeka sengathi kuhle. Waqalisa ukuba imilo njengomntu sokuthandabuza ngayo yonke into, kuquka abasemagunyeni.

Uluvo njengeyona ebuntwaneni, leyo ubomi wahlala e Alberta - kongqameko olujikeleze kunye nomsebenzi "Elements" Euclid kaThixo.

Umama wathi, ukuba elizayo Nobel Prize wafunda umculo. Albert waqala ukudlala ivayolin waza waba nomdla kuyo. Banxanelwe umculo bahlala naye ubomi. Nkqu kwiminyaka kamva, lo gama i-US, nkqu inzululwazi wanikela besiba kwikonsathi owayevela eJamani. Wayedlala ivayolin Mozart nokwakheka.

Ngowe-1894 intsapho Einstein xa wafudukela kwidolophu encinane Pavia, kufuphi Milan. Oku naye yasuka eMunich kunye nemveliso yayo.

Ngowe-1895, i-nzulu elizayo bafika e-Switzerland. Kweli lizwe, wayefuna ukuya ekholejini ukuze abe ngumfundisi physics. Kodwa Albert akazange akwazi ukupasa iimvavanyo kwi Botany. Ke genius oselula waya kufunda kwidolophu lwesikolo Aarau. Apha waba nomdla ekufundeni ingcamango magnetic Maxwell kaThixo.

Indawo elandelayo ukufunda kaNobel elizayo yaba Polytechnic Zurich. Apho wadibana yezibalo Grossman. Kwakhona wadibana umfazi wakhe elizayo - Mileva Maric.

Diploma Polytechnic Albert Einstein zazifumanayo ngo-1900, kodwa waqhubeka ukufumana imisebenzi entsimini zabo nako. Ukuze ziphile kwaye ukondla iintsapho zabo, le kaNobel elizayo baba umqeshwa arhente patent. Ekuhambeni kwexesha yakhe nanceba, akazange ayeke ukuba nenxaxheba iingxaki zenzululwazi.

Ngowe-1903, uyise ka-Albert wafa. Kulo nyaka mnye, wabhalisa ulwalamano lwakhe Mileva Maric.

Ukufika uHitler ukuba amandla e Alberta kwanyanzeleka ukuba ushiye eJamani. Wafudukela eMelika, apho waba unjingalwazi kwiYunivesithi yasePrinceton. Wafa ke naturalist enkulu ngo-1955 I-unobangela wokufa kwakhe yaba kwemithambo aortic.

unina

Mileva Maric - umfazi wokuqala Alberta Eynshteyna. Yena waye nomSerb obuzwe, wazalelwa Hungary. Yeyona intombazana kuphela wafundiswa Zurich Polytechnic School.

Mileva Maric wayemdala iminyaka Alberta Eynshteyna emithathu enesiqingatha. Noko ke, oku akuzange ayeke uthando lwabo. Kungekudala emva kokudibana i baqalisa ukuhlala umtshato yoluntu. Kuba abantu ababekunye nabo obo buhlobo kwabonakala kungaqhelekanga. Ngapha koko, i-Einstein oselula hlukile esimangalisayo umtsalane, isibheno kunye lula unxibelelwano. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, Mileva waba ndimbi. Its unomzimba bafole figure amaxhoba kunye ekuqhwaleleni, ezivele emva yokuhlaselwa sisifo sephepha ithambo. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, Mileva yaba yezibalo nesiphiwo, yaba okrelekrele kakhulu. Ukungabikho sobuntu yakhe imbeko obungafanelekanga abasemagunyeni ezahlukeneyo ekugqibeleni ukutsala kunye naye Albert.

Ukongezelela, abantu abaselula zombini wayemthanda umculo nokutya okumnandi. Kananjalo kubalulekile ukuba Mileva waba iindwendwe obalaseleyo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba Einstein engaqondanga wafuna lo mfazi wayeza kukwazi ukuba umntu athathe umthwalo wakhe ngayo iingxaki zasekhaya. Ngapha koko, ngokutsho bucala iinkumbulo abahlobo, njengomfundi, uAlbert ayikwazanga ukunikel 'ingqalelo imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Mileva, ngokuchaseneyo, wayeyindoda practical kwe Einstein wakhangela njengonina.

Wedding Abazali Hans

umtshato lwazo lwembambano, Einstein akazange azifihle. Thina siyazi ngaye kunye nabazali bakhe. Kodwa abazange ukunika imvume ngenxa lomtshato unyana wakhe. Mother Alberta Milev ingqalelo nokungafunekiyo, emabi, kunye notata wam wayefuna ukubona intombi yakhe intombi yomYuda kuphela.

Yonke into yatshintsha emva German Eynshteyn abagulela ukufa. Esithi ndlela-ntle kubo unyana wakhe, wenza kusikelela umtshato wakhe. Kwaye 06/01/1903, lo mfana waba indoda nomfazi, ukuba semthethweni ubuhlobo babo Bern.

umntwana wokuqala

Hans Albert Einstein zange ndabona udade wabo. Yena wazalwa ngo-1902, xa abazali bam ligosa likarhulumente. Mntwana wesihlahla akwazi ezonakalisa lomsebenzi kwezemfundo buchopho abatsha. Ke ngoko, ukuba ukhulelwe, Mileva waya kubazali bakhe. Apha e Hungary, waza wazala intombi Lizerl. Ukuze kungabikho bani owaziyo malunga usana ongumgqakhwe, intombazana nangoko anikwe ukukhuthaza ukhathalelo.

Mileva ufunge singaze ukukhangela ukuba intombi yakhe yaye akazange adibane naye. Ngokutsho kwezinye iingxelo, le ntombazana babephila ixesha elide. Njengoko usana, yena wangenwa yicesina obubomvu, wafa idlule. Intombi yakhe Einstein akazange wabona kwaye zange ndaxelela mntu ngalo.

indodana leyo

14.05.1904 wazalwa Hans Albert Einstein. Biography inkwenkwe yaqalisa e Bern. Ezitratweni zomzi wathi ngqee uyise abanekratshi, owafunda ngokuzalwa, unyana wakhe, bonke ukubaleka ndibange umfazi wakhe nomntwana.

Unyana yokuqala Einstein kaThixo wayethandwa kakhulu ngabazali bakhe. Ngokutsho abahlobo yakhe sisazinzulu enkulu, badla kubonwa Albert, ngubani ukuyibamba ngesandla esinye abhaliwe kunye nakuyo yonke sheets kunye nomsebenzi, kwaye eyesibini iziphithiphithi pram kunye usana yokulala.

Ziyahlelwa unyana wesibini

Ngowe-1910, Einstein wazalwa usapho kwenye inkwenkwe - Edward. Yena waba somculo enkulu. Noko ke, unyana wesibini ka ISAZINZULU Kwakubuhlungu gqitha, yaye xa wayeneminyaka engama-20, emva kokuba engqondweni, kwafunyaniswa "schizophrenia." Eduard Einstein ngaxesha lithile phantsi unina wakhe. Kodwa kamva Mileva wabeka unyana wakhe kwisibhedlele sabagula ngengqondo.

Alberta Eynshteyna, ngubani ngeli xesha ahlukane umfazi wakhe, ayizange Ndamangaliswa sisifo unyana wakhe, lowo kuthiwa ngothando "Tetelo" okanye "Tete". Inyaniso kukuba ngesifo ubunzima udade Mileva. Eduard Einstein kwakhona rhoqo uphila ngendlela ebonisa ngokucacileyo ubukho sifo, yaye naye. Noko ke, embalwa eyahlukileyo uluvo ngqo unyana omdala ka-nzulu enkulu. Hans Albert Einstein wayekholelwa ukuba intshabalalo yokugqibela umzalwana psyche yaba ngenxa popular ngexesha unyango kunye nokusetyenziswa electroshock.

Albert Einstein wafudukela eUnited States emva konyaka, emva kokuba uDabawo lakhe kwisibhedlele sabagula ngengqondo. Kwaye ukusukela ngoko ukuxoxa noonyana bakhe kuphela ukuba iileta. uyise Edward kaThixo wathumela umyalezo ezabanjwa, kodwa ngokunyanisekileyo kakhulu. Kolunye kuzo, umzekelo, i-nzulu kuthelekiswa nabantu kunye ulwandle, ngaphandle yokuba angaba nobubele kwaye uyangeneka, kwaye entsonkothileyo yawo.

Emva kokufa kwakhe ngowe-1948, unina wakhe Eduard Eynshteyn waba kwilali kufuphi Zurich, apho wathabatha unonophelo Dr. Henry Tyga. Akwenza Tete umfundisi ekuhlaleni, waqalisa ngcembe ukwenza ukuqhagamshelana nabantu Eduard wada waqalisa ukufundela ukubhala iidilesi kwi iimvulophu, phezu imiyalelo kwinkampani yasekuhlaleni.

Noko ke, emva kwexesha elithile ungumgcini-beewadi yafuduselwa umhlolokazi igqwetha, owayehlala ekwimimandla emelene Zurich. Oku sibi isimo sengqondo Edward. Ngowe-1954, i-nzulu omkhulu walile zonke ukunxibelelana unyana wakhe omncinane yedwa. Wachaza yakhe intembelo inyathelo imbalelwano lubuhlungu zombini.

Ngowe-1965, Edward wafa. Ngokutsho komnye abaphandi, sabulala uthando kummelwane, lo bekuthiwa kuye onzima.

noqhawulo-mtshato lwabazali

Ukususela ngowe-1912 phakathi Albert kunye nobudlelwane Mileva waba ngaphezu bumuncu. Isizathu sokuba leyo angathabatheki ISAZINZULU umzala wakhe Elzoy Levental. Ngowe-1914, Maric wahamba koonyana e Zurich, efunyenwe njengeqabane imbopheleleko kubameli yesondlo wonyaka intsapho kwisixa 5.600 Reichsmarks. Lo mtshato esemthethweni ezimbalwa sikhutshwe 14/02/1919

Phakathi Einstein and Maric benza isivumelwano. Ilungiselelwe ngokutshintshelwa umfazi owayesakuba izazinzulu kwemali kulindeleke i Prize Nobel. Imali eza bafumene Albert Einstein detidolzhny kwafuneka ukuze ithemba lakhe. Maric waye ekufunyanweni umdla.

Ubomi emva abazali komtshato

NgoJuni 1919 sisazinzulu weza Zurich, apho wachitha ixesha kunye nabantwana babo. UNyana Hans Alberta Eynshteyna wayehamba notata wakhe uhambo ukuhamba Lake Constance, kwaye semvelo enkulu Edward watyelela Arosa, apho kwaqhutywa unyango kwisibhedlele lo mfana.

Mileva noonyana bakhe bahlala kwiimeko singaxineki kakhulu. Noko ke, ngo-1922, emva kokuba efumene iqabane owayesakuba Nobel Prize, uye wafumana Zurich izindlu ezintathu. Ngo omnye wabo, Maric waya kuhlala kunye noonyana bakhe, kunye nabanye ababini utyalo-mali lwexesha elide. Noko ke, yonke into yatshintsha emva kokuba kwenziwe Eduardo diagnosis ezoyikekayo. izindlu ezimbini Mileva kwafuneka ukuba athengise. Yonke imali yiya ku ukuhlawulela unyango yonyana wakhe kwiSibhedlele kwiYunivesithi yase Zurich. Ukuze ukuba kuphulukana kwindlu enkulu, umfazi wasiwa amalungelo elifeni lakhe wayesakuba ngumyeni wakhe, owenza imisebenzi yakhe ukutshintshela iimali ezenzelwe ulondolozo usapho lokuqala.

Career endala ye-nzulu enkulu

Hans Albert Einstein wagqiba ukulandela ekhondweni abazali babo. Kuba lo nguye wafumana idiploma ye-Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ibekwe Zurich, uqeqesho apho waphumelela ngowe-1926 Kule minyaka mine izayo wasebenza njengomyili iprojekthi phantsi ukwakhiwa e Dortmund kwebhulorho. Sele 1936 Hans Albert wayekhusela ithisisi yakhe zobugqirha, nto leyo samenzela isidanga.

izwe

Emva Albert Einstein, zibalekela isoyikiso anti-Semitic, wemka eJamani, wacebisa ukuba benze okufanayo, kunye nonyana wakhe omdala. Ngowe-1938, Hans Albert Eynshteyn wemka Switzerland yaye safudukela eMzantsi Carolina, Greenville. Apha wasebenza njengomqhubi ngesanti kubunzulu baphantsi kwi-US Department of Agriculture. yemisebenzi yakhe ihlanganisa ukufunda yodaka. Umsebenzi kwiSebe ngangosuku 1938 ukuya 1943.

Ukususela ngo-1947, Hans Albert Einstein - unjingalwazi kwiYunivesithi California eBerkeley hydraulics. Kodwa oku zange iphele umsebenzi wakhe. Kamva kuloo kwiyunivesithi unjingalwazi efanayo yekhethelo.

Ukuba ingcali abaneziqinisekiso kakhulu intsimi yakhe, Hans Albert umgama kulo lonke ihlabathi. Yena rhoqo wathabatha inxaxheba kwiinkomfa hydraulic kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo, kwanasemva-1971, xa kwakhe umhlala-phantsi. Kwenye yezi workshops Woods Hole (Massachusetts), Hans Alber Eynshteyn kwakunjalo ngowe-1973, apho ngoJulayi 26 wafa ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo.

bamxolele

Ngokuba umsebenzi wakhe kwinkalo hydraulics kunye nezifundo intlenga, Hans Albert yanikezelwa:

- Guggenheim Fellowship (1953);

- amabhaso zenzululwazi the American Society of Iinjineli Civil (1959 no-1960);

- isiqinisekiso sokuzimisela evela US Department of Agriculture (ngo-1971);

- ibhaso le University of California (ngo-1971);

- isiqinisekiso ingqalelo iminyaka engaphezu kwe-20 yenkonzo yokuzinikela Labuya ke American Society of Mechanical Iinjineli (1972).

impilo Personal

kubazali Xa umtshato, ubudlelwane Gansa Alberta noyise wakhe waba ngaphezu bumuncu. Nyana icala sisazinzulu omkhulu wayibeka Milev kwimeko enzima kakhulu zemali, ngokunika ngayo ukusetyenziswa pesenti Nobel Prize.

Umahluko phakathi koyise nonyana waba nokuba nzulu emva sisazinzulu enkulu wathetha nxamnye kumtshato Hans uFred Knecht. Wayesele guy omdala iminyaka emithathu. Ukongezelela, ngokutsho Einstein, Omkhulu, nto entle ngayo. Scientist wayiqalekisa ngolo hlobo, etyhola Frida nangokumeneza nokutshutshiswa unyana wakhe. Emva kwempumelelo ukumbandakanya i Albert Einstein oselula ebabongoza ukuba babe nabantwana, khon 'ukuze nzima, ngokwembono yakhe, lo mtshato kunqandwa.

Ungqamaniso phakathi koyise nonyana asifikanga, nkqu xesha ebomini babo kwi-US. Baye belisoloko ngaphandle. Emva kokufa sisazinzulu elikhulu unyana wakhe njengelifa phantse nto iseleyo.

Nangona kukho ingxabano noyise ngo-1927 e-UFrieda Knecht kunjalo watshata Hans Albert Einstein. ubomi Personal yaba ngempumelelo. Nalo mfazi ke ndawonye de kwasa ekufeni kwakhe ngowe-1958 ubhujelweyo, wabuya watshata. uElizabhete umfazi wakhe waba Roboz.

E Hans and UFrieda baba nabantwana abathathu. Noko ke, elinye kuphela basinda abantu abadala. Bernhard Caesar Einstein (10/07/1930 isixeko - 30.09.2008) yaba wenjineli-physics. Yaba intombi noEvelyn esi sibini yamkela. Wafa ngo-2011 ubuhlwempu kakhulu.

Hans Albert yaba matiloshe ukufunda. Amaxesha amaninzi nabo kunye nosapho lwakhe, wahamba kuhambo eSan Francisco. nyana babekuthanda ifoto-nzulu elikhulu. izifundo zabo zenzululwazi yena wayifunda waza wadala besebenzisa izandla zabo umbukiso. Kanye njengoyise, Hans wayemthanda umculo yaye kudlala mbande ipiyano. Oku ekhanknywe ilitye lakhe.