Ulwakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi wesikhumba

Ulusu lomntu luyilona lezona zimbumba ezinkulu kakhulu zomzimba, ezinomzimba wazo kunye ne-physiology kwaye zithatha u-5% womzimba. Isakhiwo kunye nemisebenzi yolusu kunzima kakhulu. Iqulethwe ngamacandelwana ambalwa: i-epidermis, i-dermis (isikhumba) kunye nezicubu ezinamafutha, kwaye nganye yazo inezohlulo eziliqela kwisakhiwo sayo.

Ngoko, i-epidermis inezinhlanu zazo:

1. I-main (embryonic) - ivelisa i-melanin, ngenxa yesikhumba esinokufumana iimpawu ezahlukileyo. Kule meko, ngaphezu koko, isikhumba somntu. Ukongezelela, kukho ukuphindaphinda kweeseli.
2. Shilovidny. Ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zeeseli ezenza lo mgca, i-lymph flows, ezondla iiseli kwaye zisuse iimveliso zokubola.
3. Granular - iqukethe keratogialin. Kwiintsika kunye neentendelezo unemiqolo emihlanu yeeseli.
4. Ukungabonakali - iqulethwe ngumsizi kwaye iqulethwe yimigca emithathu yeeseli. Kuphuhliswe kwiindawo zokuhlala kunye neentende, kodwa akukho mlomo.
5. Ngaphandle (i-horny) - iqukethe i-keratin, ekunceda ukugcina umgangatho womswakama wesikhumba, apha iiseli ziyakunqumla kalula. Ukongezelela, olu luhlu lukhulu kakhulu kwaye lukhululekile, lukhusela ulusu kwimpembelelo nemichiza, umzekelo, ukulimala, ubanda, ukutshisa kunye nezinye.

Ukuqwalasela isakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi wesikhumba, akunakwenzeka ukuba ungayiqapheli imbongolo ngokwayo. Unemiqolo emibini:

1. Uluhlu lwama-Papillary - luqukethe iifayili ezintle kwaye zibophekile.
2. Iingxowa-iqukethe iigulane ezikhukhulayo kunye nezikhukuphuku, apha iifayili ziqokelelwe kwiimfumba, ukusuka kwintsebenzo yazo ixhomekeke kwipropati enjenge-elasticity.

Emva koko, cinga ngesakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi wesikhumba, ngokukodwa, i-fat-cutaneous fat.

I-Fat yinqanaba elincinci. Ingumda kunye nama-lobules of adipose tissue, okubonelela ngokutsha komzimba wonke kwaye usebenza njengokhuselo kunye nemivimbo. Kukho iinqanawa ezinkulu kunye neentsholongwane, kunye nezihlunu kunye neengqungquthela ezisezantsi. Ngokuthakazelisayo, kwintombi le ndlela isisitye ngaphezu kweyabantu. Ubuthathaka kakhulu kubonakaliswa emlonyeni nasematyaleni.

Isikhumba, isakhiwo kunye nemisebenzi yazo enzima kakhulu, ineemnatha ezimbini zemithambo yegazi:

1. Inethwekhi esekelwe kumda we-dermis kunye nezicubu ezinamafutha.
2. Intanethi ephakathi kweendwangu kunye neendwangu zamaphepha.

Umbala wesikhumba uxhomekeke kwindawo yeempahla . Ukusondela kwabo bephezulu, kuthethwa ngokugqithiseleyo.

Kufuneka kuthathelwe ukuba isakhiwo sesikhumba kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba siyahluke. Ubunzima kwaye bunzima kumagqabha kunye neentende, emzimbeni u-elastic and elastic. Ikhumba elincinci kunobuso bomntu. Isakhiwo sesikhumba ebusweni siphumelele ekuhambeni phakathi kwezihlunu ezixutywe kuyo, ngoko kuyiselula.

Imisebenzi yekhumba ihluke kakhulu:

1. Umsebenzi wokukhusela - ukukhusela umzimba kwizinto zangaphandle, kubandakanywa umatshini kunye ne-radioactive. Kwakhona enye yeepropati zesikhumba kukukhuselwa kwii-microorganisms. Le mi sebenzi inika i-epidermis (stratum corneum) kunye nezicubu ezinamafutha.
2. Ukunyuselwa kwamanzi kwesikhumba kukukwazi ukufumanisa izinto ezithile ezinobuncwane, ezinamanzi kunye nezamafutha. Lo msebenzi unikezwa ngumgaqo we-corneum we-epidermis.
3. Umsebenzi ogqithiseleyo - uqhutyelwa ngoncedo lweengcambu zengxowanxu kunye ne-sweat ngaphansi kolawulo lwenkqubo yesifo. Ngaba izinto zikhutshwa kakuhle ngesikhumba zixhomekeke kwiminyaka kunye nokutya komntu, kwakunye nempembelelo yendalo.
4. Ukulungiswa komzimba kukukwazi ukugcina ukushisa komzimba okungatshintshiyo. Le nkqubo i-80% ngesikhumba.
5. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zokuxilonga - kwesikhumba kukho utshintsho lwamanzi, kunye nokutshintshiselwa kwamaprotheni, amafutha, i-carbohydrate, iivithamini kunye nosawoti.

Emva kokuqwalasela isakhiwo kunye nemisebenzi yesikhumba, kunokugqitywa ukuba kuyilungu ebalulekileyo lomzimba womntu, inxaxheba ekuphuhliseni kwayo kunye nemisebenzi ebalulekileyo.