ULieutenant Colonel eliyi Petrov: indoda ukuyiphepha kwimfazwe yehlabathi

Ukhululwe ezinkundleni ngo-2014 umboniso ngqo ngu Danish Peter Anthony Indoda wasindisa ihlabathi kunye inxaxheba seenkwenkwezi Hollywood: Kevin Costner, uRobert De Niro, Ashton Kutcher kwaye Matt Damon, uye waxelela uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe malunga iziganeko eRashiya ngobusuku September 26, 1983. ULieutenant Colonel eliyi Petrov, igosa umsebenzi "Serpukhov - 15", isithuba umyalelo ezilikhulu ambalwa ukusuka eMoscow, wenza isigqibo, apho ubukhulu becala kwakuxhomekeke ukugcinwa koxolo on Earth. Kwenzeka ntoni ngobo busuku, yaye kuthetha ntoni oku eluntwini?

impi ebandayo

USSR kunye USA, imibuso ezimbini, emva yeSibini kweMfazwe Yehlabathi baba angi kumzabalazo nempembelelo kwihlabathi kwemfazwe. eziphikisanayo ezingenakunyibilika iimodeli ezimbini nohlelo lwezentlalo kunye namatshamba ngcinga yeenkokeli noloyiso amazwe kunye nokungabikho utshaba wokwenene kwakhokelela ekubeni abonane ithuba elide, nto leyo wehla waya imbali Cold War. Ngexesha lonke eli lizwe bazibona endhawini kokuqhambuka yeHlabathi yesiThathu.

Ukoyisa lo Cuba Missile Crisis of 1962 kwenzeke kuphela nje ngenxa yezopolitiko, imigudu abongameli mazwe mabini: Nikity Hruschova kunye Dzhona Kennedi, wabonakaliswa ekuhambeni kwencoko zabucala. Imfazwe Cold lalikhatshwa iingalo uhlanga nanto, apho ekuqaleni yee- eSoviet Union waqalisa ukuba badlale.

Eliyi Petrov, wonyuselwa isikhundla uLieutenant Colonel ngo-1983 ukuya emoyeni ukuziphendulela USSR Ministry of Defence, wafumana meko ingasetyenziswa kwithuba elilkunyeelayo lokuba ngxabano kwamagunya kuba vvyazyvaniya USSR ukuya imfazwe e Afghanistan. izikhali ballistic eUnited States zifumaneka kumazwe aseYurophu, eSoviet Union ngoko nangoko ephuma iintetho Geneva on izikhali.

Waphu- "747"

Abo ngamandla, uRonald Reagan (USA) kunye uYuri Andropov (Novemba 1982 - February 1984) iintlobano phakathi kwamazwe amabini kwindawo eliphezulu ngxabano ukususela nokuqeqeshwa Missile Crisis. Kukudla komlilo ngokugalelwa imeko phantsi kwe-1 Septemba 1983 airliner South Korean ephethe abakhweli flight eNew York. Baphambuka indlela yi km 500, "iBoeing" yadutyulwa phantsi phezu eSoviet Union interceptor "Su-15" Captain Gennadi Osipovich. Ngaloo mini, oko kulindeleke uvavanyo nje enomjukujelwa wokuhlolwa, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekubeni ibe ukubhideka ebuhlungu, nto leyo neziphumo airliner nabantu 269 ababekhwele babusamkelwa moya sokuhlola.

Enoba lwalunjani, kunzima ukukholelwa ukuba isigqibo atshabalalise iithagethi ezithathwe kwinqanaba kwisahlulo umphathi, wonyuselwa ngokubhekele umthetheli Air Force and Air Defense. I yesicelo wabonakala imbambano ngalo mbande-, kuba ababekhwele kweso airliner waphu- wajika umgqatswa kamongameli Larry McDonald. Kuphela yi-7 Septemba USSR wabona uxanduva ukufa moya umkhweli. ICAO uphando waqinisekisa ukuba ukuphambuka moya ukusuka kwindlela, kodwa akukho bungqina amanyathelo othintelo yiSoviet Air Force ifunyenweyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.

Akubuzwa, ubudlelwane namazwe sibhuqiwe kakhulu ngalo mzuzu xa esemsebenzini kwakhona apho asithethelela khona eliyi Petrov. 1983rd - kulo nyaka xa le nkqubo yokuqala isilumkiso (inkqubo enomjukujelwa isilumkiso) i-USSR yaba kwimo ukuqapha rhoqo.

umsebenzi ebusuku

Inkcazelo eneenkcukacha iziganeko phantsi "iBoeing" oyena uyakwazi Ngokomzekelo: xa kuthe yeemeko ebezingaziwa, abakwazi ukuba isandla uNobhala Jikelele Andropov kaThixo lanyikima ihlabathi, ngokucinezela shutter iqhosha lokukhulula ukuze ekuziphindezeleni xa kuthe ngenxa yesifo yenyukliya lutshaba.

ULieutenant Colonel eliyi Petrov, owazalwa ngo-1939, ekubeni injineli-umhlalutyi, uyihlawulele umsebenzi rhoqo idlule "Serpukhov -15", nto leyo esweni kwasungulwa imijukujelwa. Ngobusuku ka September 26, eli lizwe wayelele ngoxolo, ngenxa yokuba kwakungekho zimpawu ingozi. Xa 0 iiyure nemizuzu 15 siren elikhulu imkhawulela nenkqubo yokulunkisa kwangethuba, ogxininisa elubala kwi igama eloyikekayo "Qala". Kubonakele emva kuye: "Lo rocket yokuqala yaphehlelelwa, ngokuchaneka enyangweni." Wawuthetha ukuhlaselwa ombane ngenye yezi US. Akukho imimiselo ukuba bacinge umphathi, kodwa oko kwakuqhubeka enkqayini yakhe maxesha ezayo, into eyoyikekayo. Kuba protocol, ngoko nangoko linyanzelekile ukuba ingxelo nosungulo mijukujelwa enyukliya yotshaba.

Akukho isiqinisekiso umjelo nokubona, kwakunye nengqondo okuhlalutya igosa waqalisa ukusebenza ngaphandle uguqulelo iziphoso inkqubo yekhompyutha. Wadala imoto ngaphezu kwesinye, kubalulekile ukuba wazi ukuba zonke kunokwenzeka nangona namanqanaba eemvavanyo 30. Ingxelo kuye ukuba imposiso inkqubo akwenzeki, kodwa yena akakholelwa-logic kusungulwa isikhali enye. Kwaye engozini wakho uchola ifowuni ukunika ingxelo kwabasemagunyeni: "ulwazi bobuxoki". Nangona imiyalelo, igosa kuthatha uxanduva. Ukususela ngoko, ihlabathi lonke eliyi Petrov - umntu ukuyiphepha imfazwe yehlabathi.

ingozi lidlulile

Namhlanje, siphila ipoma Fryazino sombutho umhlala isikhulu ebuza imibuzo, enye yazo usoloko malunga indlela wayekholelwa izigqibo zabo, yaye xa waqonda ukuba imbi kakhulu ngaphezu. Eliyi Petrov uphendula ngokunyanisekileyo: "Le amathuba baba amahlanu-amahlanu." Uvavanyo kakhulu - ekuphindwa kuyo uphawu isilumkiso kwangethuba zonke ngomzuzu, wazisa ngokusesikweni elandelayo irula. ziye amahlanu apho. Kodwa yena ngenkani walindela ingcaciso evela kwijelo nokubona, kwakunye radar ayikwazanga ukubona radiation thermal. Akuzange ngaphambili ihlabathi wayesondele kakhulu kwintlekele, kokubini ngo-1983. Events ebusuku ezoyikekayo wabonisa ukuba zibaluleke kangakanani na nemeko yomntu: isigqibo embi, kunye nezinto zingaphendula eluthulini.

imizuzu 23 kuphela Colonel wakwazi ukuphefumla ngokukhululekileyo, ndakuba ndamkele isiqinisekiso ukuchaneka isigqibo. Namhlanje, umbuzo omnye utyiwa kuye: "Kuthekani ukuba ngobo busuku akazange indawo iqabane uyagula kunye nendawo yakhe engineer, umphathi-mkhosi, beqhelene ukuthobela imiyalelo?"

Emva umboniso ubusuku

Ngentsasa elandelayo kwi umyalelo waqalisa komiti ukusebenza. Emva kwexesha, isizathu iya kufunyanwa ubala abenzi yokulumkisa kwangethuba: ngokukhanya ngayo kwelanga kuboniswe zamafu. Inani elikhulu wenzululwazi, kuquka academicians uzukile, ukuphuhlisa inkqubo yekhompyutha. Ukuqwalasela ukuba eliyi Petrov wenza into elungileyo yaye wabonisa ubuqhawe, ngoko ilungise umsebenzi weqela le iingqondo kakhulu kweli lizwe, befuna isohlwayo amahlwempu umsebenzi osemgangathweni. Ngoko ke, umvuzo igosa yokuqala wathembisa, kodwa batshintsha iingqondo zabo. Siye safumanisa ukuba ngokuqala ukucinga nokwenza izigqibo, ubengaphule lo mnqophiso. Kunokuba amabhaso abathethise bamlandela.

ULieutenant Colonel kwafuneka yokuzithethelela phambi kwaloo ngqwayi zezulu zokhuselo Yu Votintseva for singena mntu ukulwa log. Akukho mntu wayefuna ukumamkela uxinzelelo ezifunyanwa umsebenzi zokusebenza, emizuzwini embalwa, wazi ubu behlabathi.

Zibalele-out

Eliyi Petrov, umntu ukuyiphepha imfazwe yehlabathi, ligqibe ekubeni kuyeka emkhosini, bashiya. Emva kokuchitha iinyanga ezimbalwa kwizibhedlele, wazinza kwisebe wamajoni efunyenwe kwigumbi encinane ipoma Fryazino, wafumana ufolo yefowuni. Isigqibo kwakunzima, kodwa isizathu esiphambili yaba yokugula umfazi wakhe, nto leyo wasweleka kwiminyaka embalwa, eshiya indoda yakhe unyana kunye nentombi. Yaba ixesha nzima kubomi kwigosa owayesakuba, ukwazi kakuhle oko ubulolo.

Ekupheleni koo-, alimwi owayesakuba umjukujelwa kunye nendawo zokhuselo, uYuri Votintseva ityala kwi P. "Serpukhov - 15" sele declassified kwaye zoluntu, nto leyo yenza uLieutenant Colonel Petrov, umntu odumileyo, hayi kuphela kwilizwe lawo, kodwa phesheya.

Ukunakanwa e West

kanye imeko apho ijoni eSoviet Union anikholwanga kwinkqubo nefuthe uphuhliso ngakumbi ngeziganeko, kothusa ihlabathi Koloni. 'Association of World Abemi "kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo yagqiba ekubeni imbasa liqhawe. NgoJanuwari 2006, Petrovu Stanislavu Evgrafovichu zaboniswa ibhaso - ". Indoda eyanqanda imfazwe yenyukliya" crystal statuette Ngo-2012, i-media waseJamani wamnika ibhaso, yaye kwiminyaka emibini kamva, ikomiti eququzelelayo e Dresden wamnika 25 amawaka. Euro kuthintelo yongquzulwano ngezixhobo.

America ngelixa kudandalaziswa ibhaso lokuqala baqalisa umkhwetha ukudalwa documentary kunye feature film ligosa eSoviet. Kudlala wadubula ngokwakhe eliyi Petrov. Inkqubo iqhube kangangeminyaka ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemali. Lo mfanekiso yapapashwa ngowe-2014, wamqumbisa yokusabela ezahlukeneyo kweli lizwe.

American PR

Nenguqulelo esemthethweni yelogo ye iziganeko karhulumente Russian ngo-1983 yabonakaliswa amaxwebhu angeniswe kwi-UN. Bathi elibonisa ukuba yedwa Colonel CA ihlabathi usindiswe. Kuba P. "Serpukhov -15" - ingengomntu kuphela ukubonisa ulawulo phezu uqala ngezikhali.

Le foram ingxoxo kweziganeko 1983, apho iingcali baye bavakalisa uluvo uhlobo lobudlelwane noluntu, chithi abaseMelika ukuba ulawulo isixhobo senyukliya eli lizwe. Abantu abaninzi baye babuza le mbasa, kugqithiswa ngokoluvo lwabo, Petrovu Stanislavu Evgrafovichu, kufaneleka ngokupheleleyo.

Kodwa kukho abo cinga isenzo uLieutenant Colonel Petrov unrated ilizwe kowabo.

Kwiingxelo Kevin Costner kaThixo

Xa film 2014 Hollywood inkwenkwezi wadibana ne umlinganiswa ophambili kwaye ngoko igcwele Isiphelo sakhe uzibambileyo oko phambi yalila umboniso, apho lowo akanako ukumshiya nabani akanankathalo. Wavuma ukuba edlala kuphela abo ngcono kwaye yomelele ngaphezu kwakhe, kodwa amaqhawe ngokwenene - abantu, abafana uLieutenant Colonel Petrov, owenza isigqibo ezachaphazela ubomi wonke umntu ehlabathini. Ukukhetha abakuthandayo enomjukujelwa sungula okuhambisanayo US ngecala kwenkqubo isigidimi uhlaselo, wasindisa ubomi babantu abaninzi, ngoku nangonaphakade efanisa sigqibo.