Subterrene Nuclear "Idabi nolovane". Uphuhliso Secret Soviet

Person ixesha elide kwatsala utshona ukuya ezantsi, ngoko thabathela emoyeni, kanye embindini zomhlaba ukuze kufezekiswe. Noko ke, kungenzeka ukuba abanye kude kuphela ezincwadini zamabali ezenzululwazi iintsomi. Kule mihla subterrene - ayisendim nje njengephupha. uphuhliso ngempumelelo kunye nokuvavanywa kule ndawo bathwalwa phandle. Emva kokufunda inqaku lethu, uya kufunda izinto ezininzi ezinomdla kulo matshini nje subterrene.

iphenyane komhlaba kule ncwadi

Yonke le nto yaqala kunye ukuphapha ingako. Ngowe-1864, Zhyul Vern wapapasha incwadi osihloko sithi "Journey ukuya kumbindi womhlaba". abalinganiswa bakhe babeye phantsi kumbindi umhlaba wethu ngomlomo mlilo. Ngowe-1883 wapapasha incwadi ethi "umlilo engaphantsi" Shuzi. Kuyo abalinganiswa, ukusebenza nangezisizilo, kwavula sam kwiziko yasemhlabeni. Noko ke, kule ncwadi ikhankanywe ukuba undoqo planethi shushu ngakumbi. Alexei Tolstoy, umbhali Russian, wenza ngcono. Ngowe-1927 wabhala: "Le hyperboloid of Engineer Garin". Hero isebenza indlela yakhe phantse ngokupheleleyo, ewatyhutyhile amacala asentla zehlabathi, kunye humdrum kunye nabanye ukugxeka.

Zonke ezi ababhali bakholelwa ukuba kwakungenakwenzeka ukuzithethelela. Ingongoma ukuba abaqambi kunye iinjineli, iinkcuba zezopolitiko yabantu eli-19 - nasekuqaleni kweyama-20. Noko ke, eyapapashwa ngowe-1937 "ongaphantsi Amanqanaba 'Grigoriy Adamov wathumela phantsi le ngxaki eliqhelekileyo eziyimpumelelo abasemagunyeni USSR ukuhlasela ngaphakathi komhlaba. Uyilo, leyo kwincwadi yakhe subterrene ngathi wabekwa ngemizobo CB mfihlakalo. Ngaba oku kwenzeka ngengozi?

Uphuhliso lokuqala

Ngoku akukho mntu uya kuba nako ukuphendula umbuzo yenza isiseko conjectures ngqindilili Grigoriya Adamova. Noko ke, ukugweba idata ekhoyo, izizathu kubo isekhona. Injineli yokuqala, okuthiwa wadala imizobo yenkqubo komhlaba, waba Pet Rasskazov. Le njengoononjineli xa 1918, owabulawa agents ubukrelekrele waseJamani, ngubani weba kuye onke amaxwebhu. BaseMelika akholelwa ukuba uphuhliso lokuqala baqalisa , uThomas Edison. Noko ke, ngokuphawulekayo ngakumbi ukuba kwenziwa ekupheleni kwe-imi- 20-30 kwinkulungwane yama-20, iinjineli evela USSR A. treble, A. and A. Baskin Kirilov. Baye basungula isakhiwo yokuqala komhlaba emkhombeni.

Noko ke, lona kuphela iinjongo ngevangeli, ezinxulumene nemveliso oyile, ukuze ukuququzelela le nkqubo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno lorhulumente wenkqubo yobuSoshali. Njengesiseko, abanalo eli adla okanye uphuhliso ngaphambili kule ndawo kunye iinjineli Russian Foreign - kunzima ukutsho. Noko ke, kwakusazeka ukuba emigodini phambene ibekwe phantsi kwentaba lubabalo, wenziwe kwetyala "ebanjwe" umkhonjana. Kakade ke, lo isampuli lwaviwa ikopi kunokuba ezincinane, kunokuba umatshini desktop yinxalenye. Kuyabonakala ukuba, kufana abavuni kamva wamalahle. Ukubakho iziphene, injini oluthembekileyo, izinga kade elalana kwazenzekela ukuba imodeli yokuqala. Kwagqitywa ukuba bayeke podzemohodu yayo.

Owoyika liyaqala projekthi

Emva kwexesha elithile, ixesha ngokunxunguphala abaninzi. Iingcali ezininzi shot, abo bathatha inxaxheba kule projekthi. Kodwa olwandulela imfazwe wakhumbula "Steel nolovane". Abameli abasemagunyeni kwakhona subterrene abanomdla. I yesicelo kwathiwa P. I. Strahov, ingcali ephambili kule nkalo. Ngelo xesha wasebenza umgcini kwi ulwakhiwo komhlaba eMoscow. Isazinzulu kwincoko ne D. F. Ustinovym, ngubani wabubhekisa izixhobo Commissariat, yaqinisekisa Ngenxa yokulwa ukusetyenziswa podzemohoda. Wayalelwa ukuba ukuphuhlisa imizobo eliseleyo eziphuculweyo imodeli zovavanyo.

Umsebenzi impi wamngena

abantu angxamisekileyo kuthetha kuyimfuneko izixhobo sele inikezelwe. subterrene Russian bekufanele ukuba ulunge xesha lifutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, i Patriotic IMfazwe Enkulu, kuyabonakala ukuba baphazamise umsebenzi. Ngoko ke, lo ikhomishini karhulumente njengento imodeli Esalingwayo ukuba zamkelwe. Anayo azigcinele bayahlelwa kwezinye iiprojekthi ezininzi - isampulu uthe wagawulwa kwi metal. Lizwe ngeli xesha ukuziphendulela kufuneka ngaphezu moya, amatanki ngwenya. Ukoyikeka ungambuyiseli ngakumbi umkhonjana ngokufihlakeleyo. Lowo wathunyelwa ukwakha komhlaba.

ngwenya German

lwakhiwo lunokuthi, Kakade ke, benza eJamani. Nayiphi superweapon ukuba wayeza kuba nako ukuzisa Wesithathu ukubusa umhlaba, oko kuyimfuneko ukuze zobunkokeli. E Germany yamaNazi, njengoko ingcaciso efunyenweyo emva kokuphela kwemfazwe, kwaba uphuhliso izithuthi komhlaba emkhosini. Igama ikhowudi yokuqala kubo - Subterrine (Trebeletskogo project R. H. von Verna). Hi ndlela leyi, abanye abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba R. Trebeletsky - yi A. treble, injineli, owayebaleke eSoviet Union. Uphuhliso yesibini - Midgardschlange, Oko kuthetha "Midgard Inyoka". It project Ritter.

Emva kokugqitywa War Patriotic Omkhulu abasemagunyeni eSoviet bafumanisa kufutshane Königsberg imvelaphi unknown igalari, ecaleni leyo iintsalela ngesakhiwo liqhuma. Kuye Kucetyiswa ukuba lo amathambo "Inyoka of Midgard".

Akukho ephawulekayo kangako yaba iprojekthi "Sea Lion" (elinye igama layo - Subterrine). Nokuba ngo 1933, Horner von Werner, injineli waseJamani, uye wakhupha igunya lokwenza oko. Ngokwesi sicwangciso, le yunithi unako ukufikelela ngesantya 7 m / h. On ibhodi ingaba abantu-5, kunye ubunzima warhead ukuya kg 300. Le apparatus, koko, akwazi ukuhamba ngokufihlakeleyo nje kuphela, kodwa ngaphantsi kwamanzi. Le inkwili komhlaba iye nangoko eMelika. Le projekthi ezindaweni zayo emkhosini.

Ngaye, mhlawumbi akukho mntu ubuya ayikhumbule ukuba zange uqale imfazwe. Ezaziphethe iiprojekthi zomkhosi Graf von Stauffenberg walirhola ukusuka kwindawo yokugcina. Wacela ukusebenzisa uHitler ayehlasela kuneZiqithi zaseBritane xa zizonke ngwenya. Wayefanele ukuba ukuwela IsiNgesi Channel ngokuzolileyo ngasese uye ngaphantsi komhlaba kwindawo oyifunayo.

Nangona kunjalo, ezi zicwangciso azizange zimiselwe ukuza yinyaniso. UHermann yambulala waqiniseka uHitler ukuba eNgilani ukunyanzela emuva sitshiphu kwaye ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu zokuqhushumbisa eziqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke, lo msebenzi zange kuthwalelwa phandle, nangona Goering yaye angakwazi ukuzalisekisa isithembiso sakhe.

Isifundo yeprojekthi "Ulwandle Lion"

Emva kokuba oyise eJamani ngowe-1945 kwi kummandla kweli lizwe laqalisa ngeziqu azithethwa. Owayesakuba sizana baqala bacombulule omnye nomnye ukuba ilifa iimfihlelo zomkhosi eJamani. Phakathi kwezinye, abekomnye umkhombe ngokufihlakeleyo iprojekthi yophuhliso German ebizwa ngokuba "uLwandle Lion" waba ezandleni Abakumov, Jikelele SMERSH. Eli qela, ukhokelwa uNjingalwazi GI Pokrovskii kunye G. I. Babata, benza ukufunda ezinokwenzeka kule fowuni. Ngenxa yoko, uphando siwisiwe emva isigwebo - podzemohod Russian zisetyenziselwa iinjongo zomkhosi.

Development M. Tsiferova

enomjukujelwa yayo komhlaba ngexesha elifanayo (ngo-1948) wadala injineli M. Cífer. Wade likhuphe isiqinisekiso copyright ye-USSR ukuphuhlisa torpedoes komhlaba. Le yunithi uyakwazi ukususa ngokuzimeleyo kwigumbi langaphakathi zomhlaba, ngelixa bephuhlisa isantya-1 m / s!

Ukwakhiwa kwe-mveliso eyimfihlo

ESoviet Union, elingumthombo, wangumlawuli, Khrushchev. Kwakufuneka kwi kokuqhambuka Cold War trumps, yomkhosi kunye nezopolitiko. Iinjineli kunye izazinzulu, kubani ezifakwa le ngxaki, siye ecetywayo isicombululo phambili ukuya kwinqanaba entsha yophuhliso kwiprojekthi udale i isikhephe komhlaba. Obekumele ukwenza nge injini zenyukliya, uhlobo lweenqanawa ezintywilayo yokuqala reactor yenyukliya. esinye isityalo ngasese kwafuneka eziza kwakhiwa xesha lifutshane kangangoko ukwenzela imveliso ililinge. Ngokwemiyalelo Khrushchev ngelo ekuqaleni kuka-1962 kule lali Hromovka (Ukraine) uqale ekwakhiweni kwayo. Kungekudala Khrushchev bavakalisa esidlangalaleni ukuba impiriyali kufuneka ifumane kuphela evela emajukujukwini kodwa ukusuka emhlabeni.

Development of the "Battle of nolovane"

Emva kweminyaka 2 Eli shishini mveliso livelisa iphenyane yokuqala Soviet komhlaba. Yena waye reactor yenyukliya. inkwili yenyukliya komhlaba kwathiwa igama "Idabi nolovane". Uyilo waba ityala titanium. Ukondla impumlo kwavezwa. Subterrene "Battle nolovane" ubukhulu ukuya ku 3.8 m, kwaye ubude bayo obeziimitha ezili-35. Abantu ezintlanu nqanawa. Ukongeza, subterrene "Idabi nolovane" wakwazi ukuba kwibhodi Ndiziva neziqhushumbisi, kwakunye nezinye paratroopers 15. reactor yenyukliya iphenyane "Ukulwa nolovane" bavunyelwe ikhawulezisa ku 7 m / h.

Kutheni subterrene lwenyukliya "Idabi nolovane" ibiya?

Ukulwa mission, eyathi yabekwa phambi kwakhe, - ukutshatyalaliswa zefula enomjukujelwa komhlaba umyalelo le ndlu kotshaba. I-General Abasebenzi wayecebe makanikelwe onjalo "subteriny" kwi US, esebenzisa lweenqanawa ezintywilayo atom eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukulungiselela le njongo. E California, apho kwakukho ngenxa iinyikima rhoqo umsebenzi ophezulu wenyikima ukhethiwe xa kuyiwa khona. Akakwazi kudanjiswe intshukumo podzemohoda Russian. Underground Boat USSR, koko, ukuba iseke warhead yenyukliya nokujongela phantsi kude, ukuba le ndlela yinyikima ngumntu. iziphumo zakhe zinakho kunganxulunyaniswa kwintlekele yesiqhelo. Bekuya kuba nako ukujongela amandla baseMerika ngokwemigqaliselo yemali kunye eziphathekayo.

Iimvavanyo umkhonjana entsha komhlaba

Ngowe-1964, kokwindla, zahlolwa "Battle of nolovane." Iziphumo ezincumisayo kwabonisa podzemohod. Wakwazi ukoyisa umhlaba owahlukeneyo kwaye qeda komhlaba umyalelo le ndlu, ebeyinalo utshaba enemiqathango. izihlandlo eziliqela kwase eboniswa amalungu yeMisebenzi kaRhulumente kummandla Rostov, kwi Urals kunye ipoma Nakhabino. Waza waqala iziganeko twisiseka. Ngexesha uvavanyo icebreaker routine kuthiwa liqhuma i phambene kwiiNtaba. Wafa ngesibindi ngelixa abasebenzi likhokelwa Colonel Semyon Budnikov (mhlawumbi oko kukuthi igama lakhe lokwenyani). Isizathu soku - ukusilela ekuthiwa ngesiquphe, nto leyo ekhokelele "igala" ematyeni batyumke. Ngokutsho kwezinye iinguqulelo, kwakukho ukuphambukisa arhente zengqiqo langaphandle okanye bangene isixhobo kwindawo anomalous.

iinkqubo usonge

Emva Khrushchev yasuswa kwizikhundla zobunkokeli, ziye iphele iinkqubo ezininzi, kuquka le projekthi. amandla Subterrene akasenamdla kwakhona. uqoqosho eSoviet Union kaThixo ngokuhlaziya kwi ezivuzayo. Ngoko ke, le projekthi, kwakunye nezinye izinto ezininzi, ezifana ehlotyeni kwi-imi- 60-70 komhlaba eSoviet ashukimisayo oLwandle lweCaspian, yayekwa. ESoviet Union emfazweni yembono ukuba akhuphisane i-US, kodwa walahlekelwa kakhulu ezingalweni uhlanga. kwafuneka ukuba asindise ngayo yonke into. Kucingwa ngabantu abaqhelekileyo kwaye saluqonda Brezhnev. ubukho uhulumeni busemngciphekweni, ngoko ayegcinwe eyimfihlo ixesha elide hayi sulivshie liqengqiwe noludumileyo quick phambili ngemizobo ngqindilili.

Nokuba ukuqhubeka ukusebenza?

Ngowe-1976, loo matshini avuza ulwazi malunga fleet komhlaba wenyukliya eSoviet Union. Oku kwenziwa ukuze okungamanga emkhosini kunye nezopolitiko. AmaMelika kuwa ngenxa waza waqalisa ukuba ukwakhiwa izixhobo ezinjalo. Kunzima ukutsho ukuba ngoku kuqhutywa kwi Ntshona kwi US uphuhliso koomatshini ezinjalo. Ngaba umntu kufuneka namhlanje subterrene? Amafoto uchazwe apha ngasentla, kwakunye amanqaku ngembali - iimpikiswano ukuba ayikho nje njengephupha, kodwa eyenzekayo ngokwenene. Sazi njani ukuba umazi kangakanani ehlabathini namhlanje? Mhlawumbi ngoku ulima emhlabeni ethile isikhephe komhlaba. Uphuhliso ofihlakeleyo eRashiya, kuba loo nto, kunye namanye amazwe, akukho namnye uya lokubhengeza.