Ukuxilongwa kwe-AFP kunye ne-hCG ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Okwangoku, igazi lomfazi okhulelweyo yinto efundisa kakhulu, inokwazi ukunika ulwazi olucacileyo kungekuphela kwimeko yempilo yakhe, kodwa nangendlela umntwana eyenziwa ngayo aze aphuhlise. Ngaphezu koko, iimvavanyo zegazi zingabonisa ukuba kukho izifo kunye nezifo emzimbeni womfazi, odlala indima ebalulekileyo, njengoko inceda ukukhusela ukubonakala kweengxaki ekuphuhlisweni kwezitho zomntwana kunye neenkqubo.

Kwiveki yeshumi nesithandathu yokukhulelwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqhube uvavanyo oluthiwa kathathu. Ukwenza oku, kuyimfuneko ukunikela ngegazi ukuzimisela i-AFP kunye ne-hCG ngexesha lokukhulelwa , okuza kubonakalisa umngcipheko wokuvelisa isifo senhliziyo kumntwana ozayo, kwaye kungabandakanyi ubukho be-Down's syndrome, i-chromosomal and other malformations. Uvavanyo lwesithathu lwenziwe kwisisu esingenalutho, luquka ukufundiswa kwinqanaba le-ACE, oko kukuthi, isifundo se-serum yomntwana okhulayo, kunye ne-HCG, oko kukuthi, iprotheni ye-placenta.

Makhe siqwalasele ngokukodwa ukuba yiyiphi i-AFP kunye ne-hCG ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye nendlela iindleko zabo ezichaphazela ngayo ukuphuhliswa kwexesha elizayo.

I-Alpha-fetoprotein (ACE) yiprotheyini eyenziwa ngumlenze wesisu. Ukufundwa kwale protein kukunceda ukuchonga iziphene ekubunjweni kwiphubhu ye-neural, inkqubo ye-urrogenital kunye nezitho zokugaya isisu, kunye nokuphuhliswa kwayo. Ngoncedo lokuhlolwa kwegazi, ubukho beephene ze-chromosomal, izifo ze-Down, i- Turner okanye i-Edwards, ukungaqhelekanga ekuphuhlisweni kwezitho zangaphakathi, kunye nezifo ze-placenta nazo zizimisele. Nangona kunjalo, utshintsho kwii-indices ze-ACE lunokuba ngumphumo wokungakwazi ukuphazamiseka kwendawo okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kwesisu, kunye nokubonisa ixesha lokukhulelwa okanye ukufumaneka kokukhulelwa okungafanelekanga. Kwezinye iimeko, ii-indices eziphantsi ze-ACE zibonisa ukufa komntwana okanye ukukhulelwa kwamanga. Kukho nawuphi na, kuyimfuneko ukuphinda isifundo, kunye nokudibanisa i-ultrasound, ukufundwa kwentambo ye-umbilical kunye ne-amniotic fluid.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-hCG kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo yi-hormone eveliswa yi-placenta yowesifazane, ngoko, ngokuxhomekeke kwithuba lokukhulelwa, inqanaba layo liyakwazi ukuhluka. Ukuguqulwa kwinqanaba le-HCG lingasetyenziswa ukugweba ukukhulelwa kokuzalwa okuhlukahlukeneyo, isisongelo sokuphuphuma kwesisu kunye nokungazi kakuhle, kwaye kunokubonisa ukusekwa kokungalunganga, ubukho besifo sikashukela kumfazi, isicidosis kunye neentsholongwane ekuphuhlisweni kwembungu.

Kukho itafile ekhethekileyo ye-hCG ngexesha lokukhulelwa, oku kunceda ukuchonga ngokufanelekileyo umgangatho oqhelekileyo we-hormone kuwo onke amanqanaba okukhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo, imigangatho ye-HCG ingahluka ngokuthe ngqo, kuxhomekeke kubini kwibhubhoratri eyenza isifundo, kunye nobudala bomfazi, ubuzwe bakhe, iimpawu zendalo, ubukho bemikhwa emibi. Ngako oko, kucetyiswa ukuba kuthethwe ngutitshala, kuba ngoncedo lokuvavanya igazi, akunakwenzeka ukwenza uvavanyo oluchanekileyo, uviwo olongezelelweyo luyimfuneko.

Ngaloo ndlela, i-AFP kunye ne-hCG ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ezibandakanya ukuvavanywa kathathu, vumela ukufumanisa abafazi abasengozini yokuphuhliswa kwemiphunga yomntwana. Apha ufanele ubeke iliso kwi-hormone kwii-dynamics.

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba namhlanje kukho ezininzi iimpazamo kwi-laboratory yophando. Phantse ama-80% awela kwiziphumo ezingamanga, kwaye ziyabonwa xa ukukhulelwa kungeniswa ngokungafanelekanga, ubunzima kunye nobudala bomfazi, kwaye ukuba unesifo esithile se-system endocrine. Xa uvavanya i-AFP kunye ne-hCG ngexesha lokukhulelwa , ugqirha uyaqwalasela yonke le mibalelwano, kwaye xa kuyimfuneko, unikezela ukuhlolwa kweyesibini.

Okwangoku, uvavanyo oluphindwe kathathu lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukucacisa iqela elijongene nobungozi, olubandakanya abafazi abakhulelweyo abanamava okuvavanya kude nokuqhelekileyo. Kodwa musa ukukhawuleza, ngenxa yokuba ukusetyenziselwa ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kudinga uviwo olongezelelweyo.