Ukuvuselelwa ubhaliso lomenzi: uluhlu lwamaxwebhu. Patent on zeemvume zokuphangela zabantu bamazwe angaphandle

Namhlanje uya kubona ukuba ukwenza umsebenzi onjalo kuyimfuneko, njengoko ukwandiswa kobhaliso le patent. Iyintoni na yonke loo nkqubo? Xa yaye kutheni na efunekayo? Ngawaphi amaxwebhu kufuneka azinike kwimeko ethile? Iimpendulo kuyo yonke le mibuzo ziya kunikwa ngezantsi. Wonke ummi amazwe liceba ukuba baphile baze basebenze eRashiya, kufuneka bazazi nkqubo yathi.

Ngoko nangoku

Okokuqala, kancinci ngokufaneleka kwalo msebenzi. Ingaba Kufuneka yokuhlaziywa lomenzi eRashiya?

Ngaphambili, inkqubo lowo awufuni. Bonke abemi amazwe uhlawule irhafu irhafu yengeniso, nto leyo uvumelekile ukuba asebenze kwi-patent. Ngaba lo mgaqo "ahlawule irhafu - unako ukusebenza." Zonke Kwakufuneka ukuba ngummi - ukuba azise Federal Imfuduko Service kwiintlawulo.

Kodwa ngoku eziye zenzeka eRashiya. Nabo beza imfuneko sokuhlaziya ubhaliso le patent. Yintoni ngale nkqubo, wonke umntu kufuneka azi?

uxwebhu Kungakanani niyolule

Umzekelo, ixesha ukwandiswa iphepha zifundonzulu. Eli lixesha ebalulekileyo. Ukuvuselelwa ubhaliso lomenzi zabantu bamazwe angaphandle unika ubhaliso kwamaxwebhu ixesha apho irhafu ihlawulwe. Kuthetha ukuthini?

Yinto elula! Ukuba owasemzini uhlawule irhafu eyi 1, ngoko ke ilungelo lomenzi, uya kuba nako ukwandisa le nyanga enye kuphela. Ukuba, ke, ukuba ndihlawule iinyanga ezintandathu ezilandelayo, ubeko loxwebhu ibe iinyanga ezi-6.

Oku kulandela ukuba imida ngqo kwi ukwandiswa patent no. U nga tshinela uxwebhu kunye nonyaka ozayo, kwaye inyanga. Konke kuxhomekeke irhafu kuhlawulwa.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba advance ummi kwandiswa lomenzi, waza emva koko washiya Russian Federation, emva kokubuyela lizwe kuya kufuneka uphinde-ukuphumeza ilungelo ukwenza umsebenzi. Enyanisweni, intlawulo kwangaphambili liya kuzitshisa ngomlilo.

kutheni na kufuneka

Kutheni ufuna ukwenza ukuvuselelwa nokubhaliswa patent? Olu xwebhu lunika ngumbharbhari ilungelo ukusebenza ngaphakathi Russian Federation. Ngamanye amazwi, abantu usinika ngokuzenzekelayo semthethweni ukuhlala kwabo kweli lizwe.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuba ukuvuselelwa okanye ukongezwa lomenzi kuyimfuneko ukwazisa abasemagunyeni zoluntu ezi misebenzi. Le mfuneko lilawulwa Ndiwise likaRhulumente №9 ngoJanuwari 15, 2007.

ubude ukubhalisa

Patent umsebenzi evumela ukuba abemi amazwe - olu xwebhu enyanzelekileyo. Kufuneka kufumaneka kubo bonke abafuna ukuhlala kwaye basebenze ngokusemthethweni kummandla we-Russian Federation. Abantu abaninzi bayazibuza indlela yenziweyo ulwandiso patent.

Times ziyahluka. Kodwa namhlanje, ulwandiso yenziwa zingadlulanga ngaphandle ngaphezu kweentsuku ezi-3 emva kokuhlawula irhafu. Yiyo lo mgaqo usebenza ngo-2017.

kuphi ukuba babhalise

Kwaye apho kukho le nkqubo? Apho ukuya ukuze ngokusesikweni ukwandiswa kobhaliso le patent?

abemi bamazwe angaphandle Ungakhetha indlela yokuguqulela iingcinga zibe amanyathelo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ulwandiso uya kukhutshwa:

• kwindawo kanye yokuhlala (registration);
• umqeshi.

Ngenxa yoko, iqela abafumana kufuneka izicelo kwabasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo kunye iphakheji amaxwebhu kwaye yandisa nokubhaliswa yabasemzini. Yenza le ingaba:

• i-Federal Ukufudukela Service of the Russian Federation;
• kwiiNkonzo Ukufudukela kwenye MIA;
• 'S MFC (kwezinye iingingqi).

Eneneni, akukho nto kunzima okanye ezizodwa. Wonke ummi angaphandle ukumelana msebenzi. Okulandelayo iya kuchazwa ngokubanzi kwi ukwandiswa patent ngumqeshi kunye nendawo yokuhlala.

ngokusebenzisa abaphathi

Yintoni ekufuneka ukwandisa ubhaliso lomenzi? Ukuze wenze oku:

• ahlawule irhafu (NGOBUCHULE) kangangexesha elithile;
• azise umqeshi malunga intlawulo;
• ukudlulisela intloko iipakeji amaxwebhu ulinde.

Ngenxa yoko, umqeshi kufuneka kwiintsuku ungadlulanga owe-3 ukuya ingxelo Federal Imfuduko Service ukwandisa patent owayamileyo.

Ngawaphi amaxwebhu afunekayo? Phakathi kwazo kukho ezi iphepha zilandelayo:

• kufunyenwe intlawulo irhafu (copy);
• patent ndingowasemzini (a ikopi);
• indlela yokufika isaziso yomqeshwa langaphandle kaThixo;
• ikopi yokundwendwela ngummi;
• ikhadi imfuduko (copy);
• kwaye ikopi yobhaliso yokuqala;
• iikopi zazo zonke iirisithi yokuhlawula irhafu ixesha ezidlulileyo;
• isivumelwano sengqesho kunye wolunye uhlanga (a ikopi).

Akukho amaxwebhu amaninzi ayikho imfuneko. Lo mqulu yamaphepha, njengokuba kuthiwe, umqeshi luzisa FMS kwaye luqinisekise ubhaliso womsebenzi langaphandle.

ndawo ngokomsebenzi

Kodwa kukho nenye meko. Ukuziqhelisa, ezo ukwandiswa kobhaliso patent kunqabile kakhulu. Amaninzi, yonke imisebenzi eyenzeka kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa umqeshi. Oku ke kuqhelekile.

Ngokubanzi, inkqubo yokuhlaziywa ubhaliso akukho ezahlukeneyo - nomphambukeli uhlawula irhafu, ngokutsho ekupheleni ekufumaneni, esiza lalungisa iphakheji amaxwebhu kunye belinde ukuba iziphumo.

Ziziphi amaphepha kufuneka kwityala enjalo? Amaxwebhu sokuhlaziya ubhaliso lomenzi ekuhlaleni ziyafuneka:

• yokundwendwela abafumana nangapha;
• irisiti obonisa kuhlawulwe patent;
• onke amatyala lamathuba zangaphambili yokuqeshwa uhlanga;
• iintlobo yokufika ngummi kweli lizwe;
• ikopi ikhadi yokufuduka;
• ikhadi ungubani uhlanga (+ ipasipoti);
• igunya lokwenza umsebenzi (ikopi).

Itheko owamkela kufuneka isicelo ngesiqu ngawo Federal Imfuduko Service ukufeza lo msebenzi. Ayikho into enzima okanye ezizodwa ngayo.

malunga ifomu

Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, isaziso yenziwa ngokuzalisa ifom ekhethekileyo FMS ukwandisa patent amazwe. Eli phepha lisetyenziswe onke amaxwebhu adweliswe ngaphambili. Ayikho enye into efunekayo.

ntoni kuba njani isicelo sokuhlaziya ubhaliso lomenzi? Kufuneka nje ukuba ubhale isicelo sokwandisa ixesha lokuba semthethweni yamaxwebhu yoxwebhu ishishini ngokufanelekileyo utshilo. Okubhaliweyo ngokuqinisekileyo uluhlu amaxwebhu aqhotyoshelweyo.

kwisicatshulwa Le ngxelo ke yilo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

"OOO (igama lenkampani) becela ukuba ukulandisa ixesha elisikelwe zobhaliso kwaye sambathe akhawunti efudukayo ukuba (umhla ekupheleni le omtsha patent) ummi (data malunga owasemzini). Ukunyaniseka nokuchaneka ziqinisekisa ulwazi".

Oku kulandelayo luluhlu lwamaxwebhu iqhotyoshelwe kwisicelo. Yilaa zonke intshukumo iphela.

iziphumo

ukuqonda Ngoku njani kunokwenzeka ukuba ukwandisa lobunikazi amaphepha okusebenza kwabo abemi angaphandle. ngokuqhelekileyo Le nkqubo akuthethi ukuba inkathazo. Imithetho esisiseko kunye nemigaqo lokubulawa loxwebhu ngoku eyaziwa. Yonke into efunekayo ukusuka wasemzini - ngendlela ngexesha ukwenza irhafu yengeniso. Kakade ke, itshekhi kunye irisithi yentlawulo kufuneka alondolozwe.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho eziqatha yabemi patent engahlawulwanga. Ukuziqhelisa, amaxesha amaninzi abantu athatha into isilumkiso iinkonzo yokufuduka. Kodwa kwezinye kwimimandla sele ukuba mabohlwaye abasebenzi abanganyanisekanga amazwe. Umzekelo, eMoscow, loo mntu kufuneka utshintshe imemori yokufuduka. Inqanaba elilandelayo isicwangciso ukwazisa isohlwayo ukuya ku-2 500 engange. 2 ummi entle ingaluthintela bangene kummandla Russian Federation. Ubonelela ezinjalo izohlwayo yokuhlaziya kade ukubhalisa i-patent abasemzini.