Ukufunda kuqala - yokufumana njani ixesha pendulum oscillation elula

Iindidi lweenkqubo oscillatory ukuba asirhawule, kangangokuba loo nto ayimangalisi - yaye kukho into engeyiyo hexi? Neze, ekubeni nokuba into kakhulu engashukumiyo, bathi ilitye, apho amawaka eminyaka usaqhubeka nangoku oscillates iinkqubo - hlale kumo ngexesha lasemini, ukwanda, yaye ebusuku buyehla kwaye unciphe. Kwaye ke mzekelo ekufutshane - imithi kunye namasebe - ukusuka ubusuku bonke ubomi bakhe. Kodwa ke - ilitye, umthi. Kwaye ukuba ngumoya nje onyukele kumaqondo kwengcinezelo 100 isakhiwo bali? Yaziwa, umzekelo, ukuba phezulu Ostankinskaya kwinqaba ukuba baphambuke emva naphambili kwi neemitha 5-12, kakuhle ngaphezu akukho kuqala 500 m ukuphakama. Kwaye kangangoko ukunyuka ngobukhulu zokwakha efanayo umahluko obushushu? Apha kunokwenzeka ukuba lokuhlela kunye Intshukumo oomatshini kunye neendlela ezinde. Khawucinge nje, lo moya apho ubhabha ngokuqhubekayo iyahluka. Musa ukutshintsha ingqondo yakho ukubhabha? Asinto kuyimfuneko, kuba ukuhla - Lowo ngumongo yehlabathi elisingqongileyo, asinakukwazi balahle kubo - zingakotshwa kuthathelwa kuphela ingqalelo kwaye asebenzise "ezilungileyo".

Njengesiqhelo, ukufundisisa kwiindawo ezininzi entsonkothileyo (kwaye nje ukuba azenzeki) luqala intshayelelo kwimodeli elula. Kwaye kukho elula neqondakalayo ngakumbi imodeli kwimbono yenkqubo oscillatory, ngaphezu kuqala. Kulapha, kwisifundo yemvelo, siqala ukuva eli binzana twisisaka - ". Isithuba oscillation ye pendulum elula" Pendulum - lo wentambo umthwalo. Kwaye yintoni na le pendulum ezikhethekileyo ezifana - Mathematics? Ufundo olulula kakhulu, oku kuqala Kulindeleke ukuba umsonto akanawo ubunzima non-andisiweyo, kunye nezinto indawo eshukuma phantsi kwempembelelo womxhuzulane. Inyaniso kukuba ngokuqhelekileyo, kuqwalaselwa ngenkqubo, umzekelo, intlokoma akanakuba akhawunti ngokupheleleyo ngokupheleleyo iimpawu zomzimba ezifana ubunzima, luthambe, njl Bonke abathathi-nxaxheba nokuhlola. Kwangaxeshanye, impembelelo abanye babo kule nkqubo ayinamsebenzi. Umzekelo, a priori kucingwa ukuba ubunzima pendulum kunye luthambe vulu phantsi kwemiqathango ethile kuba nafuthe wayo phezu ixesha oscillation ye kuqala ngokwezibalo li negligibly ezincinane, ngoko impembelelo yabo ngaphandle ingqalelo.

Ukumiselwa kwexesha oscillation ngayo kuqala, ukuba kungekhona elula eyaziwa ngokulambisa yile: xesha - ixesha apho ukwenzeka oscillation enye epheleleyo. Masenze uphawu kwenye yezi ngongoma kakhulu intshukumo imithwalo. Ke kaloku, ngalo lonke ixesha ingongoma ivaliwe, okwenza ubala inani oscillations epheleleyo kwaye qaphela ixesha, yithini, intlokoma 100. Ukumisela ixesha xesha omnye snap. Sifeza lo experiment ukuze jinga kwenye moya lwe kuqala kwezi meko zilandelayo:

- awo ezahlukeneyo kuqala;

- ubunzima umthwalo ezahlukeneyo.

Siza ukufumana iziphumo mihle xa uqala: kuzo zonke iimeko, ixesha pendulum oscillation elula kuhlala ingatshintshanga. Ngamanye amazwi, le awo yaye ingqimba yokuqala kwindawo izinto malunga lonke ixesha musa sizibhokoxe impembelelo. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi yenye kuphela zisasuka - ngenxa umthwalo ukuphakama xa uqhuba utshintsho, ngoko ke amandla nokubuyisela ecaleni umahluko endleleni, oko kungelula izibalo. Kancinci bakopele - Push pendulum kwakhona kwicala ezinqamlezayo - iqala ukuchaza kumphezulu etsobhileyo, ixesha T of ujikelezo ihlala enye, isantya intshukumo ecaleni achazwe apha V - rhoqo achazwe apha, kunye leyo isa impahla S = 2πr, nomkhosi nokubuyisela ngqo ecaleni kwalo mgama.

Emva koko ukubala ixesha oscillation ye pendulum elula:

T = S / V = 2πr / V

Ukuba ubude l umsonto kakhulu ngakumbi ubungakanani impahla (ubuncinane 15-20 amaxesha), nemisonto engile utyekelo lincinane (awo amancinci), kuthathwa ukuba ukubuyisela mandla P lilingana centripetal amandla F:
P = F = m * V * V / r

Kwelinye icala, ixesha amandla nokubuyisela kunye mzuzu inertia ye umthwalo uyalingana, kwaye ke

P * l = r * (m * g), nto leyo ithetha kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba P = F, inxaki zilandelayo: r * m * g / l = m * v * v / r

Akukho nzima ukufumana uqina lwe kuqala: v = r * √g / l.

Kwaye ngoku khumbula ibinzana yokuqala ithuba kwaye endaweni ngexabiso Velocity:

T = 2πr / r * √g / l

Emva kwethuba ifomula inguqu ingenamsebenzi pendulum zemathematika oscillation ngendlela yokugqibela ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

T = 2 π √ l / g

Ngoku iziphumo ngaphambili ngokomfuniselo ndizuze ukuzimela kwexesha oscillation ke umlinganiso umthwalo kunye namandla awo ziye kuqinisekiswe ngohlobo olusebenzisa inethiwekhi kwaye akubonakali kuba njalo "Iyamangalisa", njengoko besithi, njengoko kuyimfuneko.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuphatha ibinzana yokugqibela ngethuba oscillation ye kuqala zemathematika, ungabona ithuba elihle ukulinganisa kukukhawuleziswa womxhuzulane. Kwanele ukuba bahlanganise pendulum reference nangaliphi na indawo yomhlaba ukulinganisa ithuba oscillations yayo. Kwaye kunjalo, kakhulu kungalindelekanga, pendulum elula tye usinike ithuba elihle ukufunda nokwabiwa lexinene uqweqwe koMhlaba, phezulu ukukhangela emhlabeni zezimbiwa. Kodwa elo lelinye ibali.