Plates Lithospheric: imfundiso amacwecwe lithospheric

Imfundiso amacwecwe lithospheric - omnye kakhulu umdla kwinzululwazi eendawo. Hypothesis mobilism (ngenye indlela - kokushenxa lizwekazi), xa ulibele, ngoku waphila kwakhona, enkosi ukufunyanwa mgceni izibonda otsalayo ngemiqondiso alternating, leyo macala nakummango yee-Ocean (zabo nezamazembe), lo magnetization zaseprayimari, kwakunye utshintsho phezu ngexesha kwipali position ngemagnethi.

Ukuphinda isiqinisekiso yokuba ukwandiswa komgangatho wolwandle ecaleni nezamazembe nasentshonalanga yee-yolwandle kwiindawo peripheral sele ifunyenwe kule khosi iminyaka emininzi yophando, kwakunye ngenxa zokomba anzulu-manzi. negalelo elibonakalayo nophando nophuhliso ingcamango yezwekazi ukuphaphatheka (mobilism) wenza wezazi. Ngenxa yophando lwabo, kwaba lula ukucacisa inkqubo ukwabiwa imimandla wenyikima kumphezulu komhlaba. Kwacaca ukuba ezi ndawo ebanzi, kodwa kakhulu elimxinwa; asuka aba kufutshane arc eziphambili, kunye bangenazimvo amazwekazi emikhulu yee-olwandle.

zomhlaba plate

Le mobilism hypothesis ngokuba "zomhlaba Plate". They are kakhulu - ezingama zabantu ezisibhozo ezinkulu nesiqingatha kweshumi ezincinane. Le yokugqibela ibizwa nayo microplates. I plate inkulu ibekwe ngaphakathi Pacific, loo nto ibhityile, uqweqwe ngokulula akubonakali yolwandle. In the Indo-Australian, Antarctic, Afrika, South American, North American, neepleyiti eYurophu uqweqwe lizwekazi. iipleyiti Lithospheric imida ezahlukeneyo (intsente) ngokucotha ningashukunyiswa umphezulu-langa liphela. Xa amacwecwe lithospheric diverge, imiphetho zezi eziphambukileyo: mabasasazwe, ummandla ingxabano ifomu ipleyiti (sihlwahlwaz), apho ufumana kweziyobisi yokwaleka. Phezu ezantsi, iqina kwaye yolwandle uqweqwe ukugcwala kwenzeka. Yonke into ezintsha kunye nezinto ezintsha ingubo kufakwa kummandla elalikhona, yandise kwaye yenza amacwecwe ukuhambisa Apho zihamba ngaphandle, uMenzi ulwandle, kwaye imilinganiso yalo ikhula rhoqo. Olu hlobo imida namhlanje apho ecaleni nezamazembe yoo-yolwandle nasentshonalanga kunye ingxabano esisigxina neentanda.

imida Convergent bayazibhijabhija xa zomhlaba ezingu livuma. Xa besondela omnye kwimimandla kwenzakala iinkqubo ngendlela entsonkothileyo, ekukhoyo kuzo izazinzulu ezimbini ezisisiseko eyabelwe. Eyokuqala kwezi kukuba le ngozi ka amacwecwe elizwekazi yolwandle omnye wabo wayetshona yokwaleka, yaye oko kukhatshwa ngokungekho mthethweni kunye warping. Xa ummandla yokungqubana ka iinyikima ezinzulu-focus kwenzeka. Emva contact imbasa kulo yokwaleka, kuba inxenye Inyibilikile: izakhi yayo kakhulu ukukhanya emva ukunyibilika kwakhona ivuke kumphezulu, abe mlilo. A amacandelo luthe ngokuthe wayetshona yokwaleka, zivunyelwe phantsi kwimida ezingundoqo kulo. Ngaloo wabumba Pacific isangqa somlilo.

Xa iipleyiti ezimbini lizwekazi ridging kwenzeka. Oku yabonakala icing, umkhenkce floes, kwaye phambili ezijongeneyo, razdrablivayutsya. Xa amacwecwe ezingu zingqubane, ukuba zixinaniswe, kunye nezakhiwo yentaba zakheka emiphethweni.

Imfundiso amacwecwe lithospheric

Ukutyhubela iminyaka kunye imigqaliselo amaninzi, Geophysics yasekwa isantya avareji ye intshukumo amacwecwe lithospheric. Indawo eqalisiweyo yokungqubana Hindustan neepleyiti Afrika kunye kwipleyiti yaseYurophu Alpine-zeHimalaya ibhanti ucinezelo izinga Ukuhlangabezana phakathi 0.6 cm / yr kwi malayas kunye Pamir kunye 0.5 cm / nyaka e Gibraltar.

Imfundiso amacwecwe lithospheric bafumanisa ukuba iYurophu enambuzelayo kude North America ngesantya malunga 5 cm / ngonyaka. Kodwa "iseyile 'ka-Antarctica Australia malunga-14 cm / ngonyaka. Isantya eliphezulu amacwecwe yolwandle - ukuba amaxesha 4-7 ngaphezu ngezantya zwekazi. Ngokukhawuleza - nembasa Pacific kunye icotha - yaseYurophu.