Uhlobo alukona nje i-ore okanye inja, kodwa enye into

Uhlobo luyincamango ebanzi. Iintlobo zithetha zonke izinto zendawo ethile, iindidi, kokubili eziphilayo kunye nabangewona abaphilayo.

Kuthetha ntoni oku

Uhlobo lukwahlulo lwezinto ezininzi eziphilayo neziphilileyo. Unokwahlula:

1. Izilwanyana ezahlukileyo kwindawo yazo okanye kwenye indawo. Ngokomzekelo, uhlanga lwezilwanyana ezinokuhlala kuphela kumntla okanye kumzantsi. Inokudityaniswa ngumntu (iintlobo zeenja, iinkati, njl). Zonke izilwanyana ezihlala ehlathini, kwii-steppes, kwiifama zasefama zasemakhaya zizala.
2. Izityalo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, imithi yonyulwe, umzekelo, i-conifers.
3. Amaminerali, izinto zokumbiwa kwemigodi.
4. Ngamanye amaxesha igama elithi "ukuzaliswa" lithetha abantu, uhlobo lwabo, imvelaphi.

Ilitye libe yinto elula okanye enzima, umzekelo umthi.

Umthi

Iliwa eliqinileyo liqokelela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto eziqulunqwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ukucacisa ubunzima bokhuni, indlela kaBrell isetyenziswa rhoqo . Iquka ukulinganisa ubunzulu bokudandatheka kwizinkuni. Ngenxa yoko, phantsi kwengcinezelo, ibhola yensimbi ixinzezelwe. Emva koko icatshulwa kwaye ubunzulu bomzila osalayo bubalwa ngokwemigudu yobunzima (HB).

Ngamanye amaxesha ubunzima bukulinganiswa ngendlela ye-Rockwell. Umgaqo wokulinganisa ufana neyokudlulileyo, kodwa iiyunithi zokulinganisa kule meko zizezinye - i-HRC okanye i-HRA, i-HRB.

Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zezifundo, ukwahlukana kwemithi yemithi ngokubhekisele kobunzima. Eyokuqala yiJatoba enobunzima be-7 HB. Indawo yesibini i-sucupyra, ubunzima obuyi-5.6 NV.

Yonke imithi enobunzima obungaphantsi kwe-4 HB ibhekiselwa kuyo.

Ngxondorha

Udwala oluqinileyo limizimba eqinile yemvelaphi yemvelo, eyahlula ngamaqela amathathu athile: i-sedimentary, metamorphic and magmatic.

Impahla eqhelekileyo yemvelaphi yemigmati yile granite. Kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwakhiweni.

Eyona nxalenye ephezulu yomhlaba uqubude kunamadwala enqabileyo. Ziyimiphumo yomsebenzi obalulekileyo wezinto eziphilayo okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kwezinye iintlobo. Idwala leSedimentary - iiprospecies ezimbalwa, eziquka ii-classic, chemical and various types.

I-Metamorphic idlalwa rhoqo yi-shale, i-marble ne-quartz. Ezi zinto zenziwa phantsi kweempembelelo eziphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu.

Izilwanyana

Imfuyo yezilwanyana iindidi ezininzi zabameli bezinye iintlobo, kunye nembali eyodwa yophuhliso. Ngokuqhelekileyo uhlanga lunemihlaba ethile ezuze ilifa kwaye ibeke kwiijethi. Kwaye kubalulekile ukuba inzala nabazali banezinto ezifanayo, umzimba, imibala. Xa uwela iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo, i-hybrids or mestizos ziyafumaneka.

Ukuzaliswa kohlobo olutsha, usebenze umsebenzi omkhulu uye wenziwa iminyaka emininzi. Ngenxa yoko, izizukulwana ezininzi zezilwanyana zifunyenwe, apho iimpawu zangaphandle ezibonakalisiweyo zibonakalisiwe, kwaye iziganeko zobunjani bomzimba zibekiwe.

Ngokukhawuleza ukuba abafuyi beenkomo bafezekise iziphumo ezifunwayo (izizukulwana eziliqela zinempawu ezifanayo, ezingaguqukiyo), oku kuthiwa yimilinganiselo yohlobo. Izilwanyana ezinjalo zifumana inzala enobungakanani obuninzi kangangokuthi kwakungenako ukugcina ubungqina bobuhlanga. Emva kokufikelela kwisiphumo esifunileyo, uhlanga lubhaliswe ngokulufaka kwelinye ilizwe.

Izityalo

Kwakhona imithombo emitsha yemithi ye-coniferous isuswe. Zifumaneka ngokudlula iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, iintlobo zeepini, i-tuja, i-junipers. Ngenxa yoko, abafuyi bakwazi ukufumana izityalo ezizinzileyo ezinempahla engavamile. Ngokomzekelo, iipineyini ezinqabileyo, iintlobo ze-coniferous, ezinokukwazi ukuthwala amaqabunga anqabileyo, ama-conifers anemibala engaqhelekanga yombala, iinaliti.

Naluphi na uhlobo luyiphumo lomsebenzi oye wenziwa ixesha elide. Kwaye akunandaba nokuba yenziwe ngendalo okanye umntu.