Uhlanga yoncwadi: Idrama, amaqhawe, lyric

uhlanga yoncwadi - iseti imisebenzi yobugcisa, umanyaniswe indlela eqhelekileyo ntetho, nokubhaleka ekuso. Rhode umsebenzi wokubhala - oko amazwi, epics okanye idrama. Malunga imizekelo edume ngamnye kubo ichazwe kweli nqaku.

idrama

Iguqulwe evela ulwimi lesiGrike , eli gama lithetha "isenzo". In Russian gama zale mihla linentsingiselo eyahlukileyo. Kodwa oku kuya kuxoxwa ngezantsi. Drama - uhlanga yoncwadi eyaqala kudala. Yaba nababhali yamaGrike yamandulo Aeschylus, Sophocles kunye UEuripides zezikaYe- imisebenzi yokuqala ezinkulu. Olu hlobo lwemisebenzi yoncwadi esihlanganisa imisebenzi kweentlobo ezimbini: Comedy, yintlekele.

Lo mdlalo ifikelele inzaliseko yalo kwinkulungwane yeshumi. Ababhali French zigcinwe ngqongqo imiqathango ethile ebekwe amaGrike amandulo. Ezizezi: umanyano ixesha nendawo, ubude mcimbi iiyure ngaphezu ezingamashumi amabini anesine.

imizekelo imidlalo

Xa weqonga Sophocles 'Oedipus uKumkani, "sithetha ngendoda kwaoko ngengozi wabulala uyise, waza ke, okuhlekisayo, watshata unina wakhe. Abaphulaphuli wayesazi ibali ukusebenza yokuqala. Kodwa ukuba bayalazi ibali Oedipus, babeya baye bafunda ngobomi yakhe emfutshane. Noko ke, idrama yakhiwe ngendlela yokuba isenzo yayo esigquma imini yonke. Zonke iziganeko ezenzeka ebhotweni lokumkani.

Moliere, Racine kunye Corneille wathabatha phezu isithethe bemidlalo yamandulo. indalo yazo bamlandela isikhokelo ngasentla. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, kufuneka unikeze umzekelo umsebenzi, licebo apho eziqhelekileyo yonke yesikolo, - "Yeha evela Wit". Chatsky uza endlwini Famusov. Lowo ufunda ukuba USophia uthandana nomntu kufutshane yaye bayazingca. Griboyedov hero ukhokela incoko kunye nabanye abalinganiswa comedy. Ubonisa indlela yokucinga engaqhelekanga. Ngenxa yoko, Famusov bume ugqiba ukuba Chatsky kancinane crazy. Loo nto, amagqabi indlu isizalwane, esithi: "Karet kum, umqeqeshi!". Konke oku kwenzeka ebudeni bemini.

Ndawo ngaphandle Pomakazi Famusov namnye abalinganiswa akayi. Ngenxa idrama - uhlobo lwemisebenzi yoncwadi yobugcisa, apho yonke into eyenzekayo kufezeke emini. Kufuneka uthini malunga onjalo Ukuqamba ethile. Leyo - abanayo amazwi umbhali. dialogue kuphela. Kungakhathaliseki nokuba comedy okanye yintlekele.

Epos

Eli binzana kunokubonwa njengesibizo, isichazi-magama ubudoda kwiincwadi. Kwaye kule shicilelo Encyclopedic baya kuthi ukuba lo amaqhawe - nto, njengoko imveliso, osixelela iziganeko ezenzeka kwixesha elidluleyo.

izibonelo Epos

Umzekelo okuphawuleka edume "Ulysses". Xa umsebenzi wakhe ubude kunye Homer ikuchaza ngokweenkcukacha iziganeko ezenzeka kanye. Uxoxa uhambo uTshawe, ungakhohlwa ukukhankanya abanye abalinganiswa bachaze ubomi babo kwezinye ngokweenkcukacha, ubomi. Lo amaqhawe yahlukile ukusuka umdlalo? Kuqala kwinto zonke, isibakala sokuba eli bali egameni yombhali. Enye mahluko - namkhethe.

Works kaHomer wadala ngohlobo kwimibongo. Ngenkulungwane elinesibhozo, uncwadi waqala ukuphuhlisa iintsingiselo ezintsha: kwakukho uhlobo iprozi ukuba unalo iimpawu ibonwe. Ngokomzekelo ezixabisa ucaphula inoveli zikaTolstoy "War Noxolo". Iziganeko zifikelela ixesha span entle iyamangalisa. Xa inoveli, kukho inani elikhulu loonobumba.

Omnye umzekelo we iprozi yeqhawe - Roman Golsuorsi "I Forsyte Saga". Kule ncwadi sancokola malunga abameli izizukulwana ezininzi yentsapho enkulu.

lyrics

Yeyiphi uhlobo zoncwadi kuquka nayiphi na imibongo Ann, Fet, Tiutchev? Kakade ke, amazwi. lwemisebenzi yoncwadi yale hlobo ubuhule semvelo, nesithukuthezi. Mu kuya kwa nshita hero uyindumasi banoluvo kudlule eqaqambileyo kakhulu, kwaye ezikhathazayo ngakumbi.

Imizekelo iimveliso lyrical

EGrisi yamandulo, oko wazalwa kuphela ubugcisa okumangalisayo. Kudala - le zebhola kunye nezinye iindawo kule ncwadi. Ababhali Okokuqala lyric are Terpander. Imbongi yamandulo Greek sele ufunde imisebenzi yabo isandi umtya isiginci. Ehamba imibongo ngokufunda kunye Alcaeus - umbhali, ukuba zincede zikhethe imixholo ezopolitiko. Ukuze baye basinda njengoko kwisihobe Sappho.

KumaXesha Aphakathi, ekuthiwa "mnyama" wadalwa iibhaladi ezininzi romantic, oxhaswa troubadours yaseFransi. izifundo zabo kamva ababekhe asetyenziswa ngababhali kamva. Tubidy, njengokuba uhlobo soncwadi, lifumene uphuhliso ekhethekileyo Renaissance. Ngenkulungwane weshumi, uhlobo olutsha troubadours. Asinto isiFrentshi, yaye Italian. Ngapha koko, kwabakho nokugqama izibongo lyric e-Italy.

Xa lyricism kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba yayibalaseliswa zonke ntlobo zoncwadi. iimpawu zayo ezisegumbini imisebenzi uShelley, Byron, Coleridge. lyricism Inspired kwaye Russian iimbongi - Pushkin, Zhukovsky, Ryleeva njl koko umdla amazwi kangangexesha elithile bafa phantsi: .. indawo yakhe yathathwa yi-iprozi enkulukazi. Ke ekugqibeleni, ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini eRashiya yabalasela ukuvela Galaxy iphela lacelwa abanetalente. Phakathi kwabo, Pasternak, Blok, Akhmatova, Tsvetaeva, Esenin.

Kwincoko yemihla ngemihla

uhlanga nokubhala, njengoko sibonile, yingqokelela imisebenzi yobugcisa ukuba iimpawu isici. Oku kunokuba amazwi womculo, epics okanye idrama. Kwintetho yanamhlanje, ngalinye kula magama linentsingiselo eyahlukileyo kancinane.

Drama kwi filimu - uhlobo esibonakala yi ntlekele. Phantsi uthando lyric isihobe ngokuqhelekileyo yakuqonda. Ngokwamanani boncwadi, la magama linentsingiselo eyahlukileyo. Zeziphi nokubhala uhlobo abayinqobo ebuhlungu, ziimvakalelo? Idrama okanye lyric. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye umsebenzi omkhulu inokuba i comedy. A umsebenzi umbhali, amazwi - oku akunyanzelekanga ukuba ibali uthando lwakhe ezingabuyekezekiyo okanye ekhaya.