Kuphakathi, akukho: ukusetyenziswa imithetho, imizekelo imithambo

izihloko ezininzi zegrama ifuna ingqalelo eneenkcukacha ngakumbi, njengoko izithuba ulwazi ngokuzimiseleyo ziyimiqobo eqhwalelisa nje inkqubo ukudluliselwa kolwazi kulwimi ekujoliswe kulo, kodwa ke nokuqonda eendaba intetho.

Overview

Enye imixholo ebalulekileyo - amagama mhlawumbi, akukho. Ukusetyenziswa kwezi yunithi lungelelanisa iye awohluke ezithile, ngenxa yokuba kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, ukuba asebenze izihlomelo, izimelabizo, okanye umbutho. Kananjalo kusetyenziswa uqeqesho kwezoyilo ezahlukeneyo.

Njengoko ukubiza kungabi / mhlawumbi, ngokuqhelekileyo nefonetiki ivumela iinketho ezimbini. Lo mahluko ubangelwa kuphela awohluke of neziyelelane. Le uxinezeleko iwela yegama lokuqala.

• Kwi-UK, bathi ubukhulu becala [aɪðə], [naɪðə].
• EUnited States ezinye kwiindawo ezisemantla yaseNgilani kwasasazwa inguqulelo [i: ðə], [ni: ðə].

nezahlulo Ezinye ne kwezinye iimeko amagama nokuba / okanye, sebenzisa iinxalenye obahlukileyo zentetho, ngokunjalo kuhlanganiselo amabinzana athile ezisisigxina.

Iimpawu ukusetyenziswa Ukrainian lunee ntlobo ezahlukeneyo translation "kakhulu" kunye "nabo"

Inguqulelo uqhelekileyo nguqulelo elithi "nathi", "kunye" na ezilingana IsiNgesi naye, naye. Nangona kunjalo, kukho yoyilo apho ukusetyenziswa la mazwi ebengayi kuba yimpazamo.

Njengoko eliguqulelwe ibinzana Russian "Ndenze ntoni '? Yonke into ixhomekeke kwindlela esiphendula ngayo ingxelo ukuba i binzana. Ukuba isindululo naye waba affirmative, ngoko ufuna uthi "nam", ke isetyenziswa kakhulu. Ukuba ufuna ukuthi "Ndiya kwenza" ukuphendula ingxelo embi, ngoko kufuneka usebenzise ibinzana ukundinika. Xa kunjalo, xa uphendula ibinzana yakhe interlocutor kwaye usebenzise kwisuntswana hayi, kufuneka abulawe noba.

Qwalasela le mizekelo ilandelayo:

• Ndiyayithanda juice. - Me kakhulu. (I ndiyamthanda incindi -. Kum, nathi.)
• Andiyithandi juice. - Me akukho. (I Andiyithandi incindi -. Kum, nathi.)
• Andiyithandi iti. - Andiyithandi iti noba. (I Andiyithandi iti -. Andiyithandi iti). Okanye nokuba ngaba I. (nam andizithandi.)

Amatyala ezimbini zokuqala kakhulu elula ukuqonda. Ukuba ibinzana "mna" uyimpendulo yengqinisekiso ingxelo ye interlocutor, usebenzisa ibinzana nam. Ukuba uyavumelana ngesindululo ezimbi, ndiphendule ukundinika. Ityala lesithathu kubandakanya indibanisela amasuntswana kunye nezihlomelo hayi nokuba isivakalisi esinye.

Nam / nokuba: ngokuqhelekileyo owakha "okanye ... okanye ..." "Akukho ... akukho ..."

Xa la magama la mazwi angasentla zisebenza nemibutho yabasebenzi. izakhiwo esilingana Russian "okanye ... okanye ..." i Formula British mhlawumbi ... okanye. Leyo yokuqala "okanye" bubonakala zombini, kwaye eyesibini - njengoko okanye. Lalisebenzisa ibinzana kwezo meko xa kukho umbuzo ngokukhetha phakathi iiyunithi ezimbini, kodwa ke ungakhetha into enye kuphela.

imizekelo:

• Kuphakathi wenza uxolo ngoku okanye Ngohamba ukuxelela umama wakho. - Kuphakathi uxolisa khona ngoku, okanye ndiza ukuxelela umama wakho.
• Bafuna ukuya mhlawumbi kwi Argentina okanye ku Venezuela for holide zobusika. - In ebusika ekhefini, bafuna ukuya, okanye Argentina, okanye Venezuela.

Xa kufuneka ukuguqulela isivakalisi equlathe la mazwi, "Akukho ... okanye", wasebenzisa uyilo yaseBritani okanye ... okanye.

imizekelo:

• Nam uMariya okanye Ann lolu ncwadi. - Akukho uMariya okanye Anne akazange wazise le ncwadi.
• Unokuba n mhlawumbi icecream n okanye cake phambi kwesidlo. - Awukwazi ningadli cream ice okanye cake phambi kokuba adle.

liphawule

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba, ngokungafaniyo ifomula Russian, apho ukongeza "okanye" ukusetyenziswa "hayi" yamasuntswana ngaphezulu (akayi ningadli intlanzi okanye iintaka), inguqulelo IsiNgesi ye kwisuntswana ezimbi iwela: Yena _ udla okanye intlanzi okanye inyama . Kwiimeko ezinjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukusebenzisa kunye nesakhiwo iseti. ifomula British yaye ucebisa ukuba isigwebo negative. Le yenye yeempazamo wabaqalayo zixhaphakileyo.

"Nayiphi" yaye "hayi"

translation Russian elithi "bonke" kuxhomekeke kumongo. Ukuze siqonde le ezincinane kulula kwimizekelo eziphathekayo:

• Sesiphi incwadi I ukufunda? - Unako ukuthatha nayiphi na kuzo. (Luni ncwadi I ukufunda - Unako ukuthatha nayiphi na kuzo.)

Lo mzekelo ubonisa imeko apho kukho iindlela ezininzi (ngaphezu kwama amabini). Ukuba kufuneka ukhethe enye yezinto ezimbini, impendulo kuya kuba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Unako ukufunda noba (enye / of kuzo). - Ungafunda naliphi (na ezimbini). Okanye kananjalo, elithetha "none" (ezimbini).

Qaphela: Kwiimeko apho ufuna ukusebenzisa igama elithi "zombini", wasebenzisa zombini. Umzekelo:

• Ndiyayithanda zombini iincwadi. - Ndiyayithanda zombini iincwadi.

Thelekisa le mizekelo ilandelayo:

• Ndiyayithanda akukho iincwadi. - Akukho namnye (ababini) iincwadi Andiyithandi.
• Ndiyakwazi ukufunda noba ncwadi. - Ndiyakwazi ukufunda naziphi na iincwadi (zimbini).
• Ndiyakwazi ukufunda nayiphi na incwadi. - Ndiyakwazi ukufunda nayiphi na incwadi (ngokubanzi).

Kuphakathi, akukho: ukusetyenziswa kwezinye amabinzana

Phantse wonke igama ungakwazi ukukhangela iqela elithile amabinzana ezisisigxina, kufuneka ukwazi. Oku kuya kwenza intetho yakho bala ngakumbi novakalelo.

nokuba:

• ~ Way - ngokungathi / naliphi na izinga;
• ukusuka ~ ngakulo - nokuba nangapha;
• kwi ~ kwimeko / isiganeko - nangayiphi / indlela kwimeko ethile;
• kwi ~ ngesandla / ecaleni - kumacala omabini;
• ukunika inyanga okanye ~ indlela - kunye unxaxho kunokwenzeka ngenyanga nganye kwicala elinye okanye elinye.

Nam:

• Mna ~ off okanye kwi - andikwazi isigqibo, kufa-;
• ~ Fish okanye basesenyameni- akukho intlanzi okanye iintaka;
• ~ Apha okanye apho - ngaphandle ndawo, akuyonto ibalulekileyo, akunamsebenzi;
• ~ Ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwe - kuphela, kuphela, akukho wumbi;
• ~ Way - nayiphi na indlela okanye ngaloo ndlela, akukho enye okanye enye;
• kwi ~ kwicala - nangapha.

Zama ukutyebisa isigama sabo esebenzayo amabinzana ezongezelelweyo, ngokuthe ngcembe unkqaya amabinzana amatsha.

Uqheliso lomsebenzi iimpendulo

Ukulufunda ngempumelelo nayiphi na isihloko, nokuba uluhlu lwemithetho zegrama okanye isigama ukuba isetyenziswe xa kusenziwa into entsha. Ukongezelela ekwenzeni izindululo, oko kwakhona kuluncedo ukwenza imisebenzi. Ukuba wayesebenzela imali eyaneleyo imithambo kuba endaweni yamagama nokuba / okanye, izindululo kuya kuba lula kakhulu. Ungasebenzisa ngesisa kwintetho yemihla ngemihla kunye nezithethi IsiNgesi. Naluphi na ulwazi ekufuneka ngoko nangoko, kungenjalo baya kulityalwa.

Faka amagama angekhoyo nokuba / okanye. Umzimba:

1. Akasakwazi ukukhwela ihashe. - Andikwazi akanakuhamba kubo ... (Ayikakwazi ukukhwela ihashe -. Kwakhona andinako ukuya kuwo.)
2. Zange khe ndiye China. - Me ... (I abangazange baye e-China -.. Me, kakhulu)
3. Andikwazi kuqonda ukuba lwimi. - I kunzima ukuziqonda ... (andikwazi ukuqonda ulwimi - .. nam)
4. Ndithetha ... isiFrentshi okanye Spanish. (I musa ukuthetha isiFrentshi okanye iSpanish.)
5. Ungaya ... eJapan okanye Vietnam. (Ungaya mhlawumbi eJapan okanye Vietnam.)
6. Ann uya ukuya esikolweni ngomso. - Umntakwabo abayi kulahleka kuyo ... (Ana ayenzi ukuya esikolweni ngomso kakhulu Umnakwabo ayikho.).
7. Sesiphi ipensile I ukuthatha? - ... kubo. (Yintoni ukuthatha ipensile -?. Namnye kubo)

uyaphendula:

1, 3, 5, 6 - mhlawumbi;
2, 4, 7 - akukho.

Kubalulekile ukuba siqwalasele ngenyameko umongo, esebenzisa inguqulelo ulwimi oluthile, kuquka nokuba / okanye. Ukusetyenziswa kwamagama athile kulwimi IsiNgesi uneempawu zawo, kuvamile ukuba Russian.