Semantics - inzululwazi, ngaphandle apho kuchulumancisa kunzima ukufunda ulwimi

Ngokwengqiqo ebanzi ye semantics ilizwi - nesebe Ezolimi, leyo lifunda ubudlelwane phakathi langoku ubunyani virtual kunye amabinzana iilwimi ezisetyenziswa kwezi zinto. Ngamanye amazwi, le semantics zolwimi asetyenziswa ukukhangela imithetho jikelele xa ukubonisa nezivelayo izinto kolu lwimi. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ziboniswe njengezinto okanye nokuhlalisana iindidi abstract, iinkqubo, akukho sicelo ezenziwayo okanye mateiralnoy iqokobhe.

Indima semantics kulwimi

In semantics Greek - uphawu into (ukusuka semanticos iingcambu Greek -. "Elithetha"). Semantics e Ngokwengcamango kweelwimi isetyenziselwa ukufunda unxibelelwano phakathi iziganeko kweelwimi zemveli kunye kummandla isicelo sayo, nokuba ihlabathi okanye ecingelwayo.

Esi sifundo sibonisa indlela umntu eqhelekileyo nenkqubo zegrama ulwimi kunye iseti syntactic basic,, iiyunithi lungelelanisa morphological, nako wabambesa iingcinga zabo zibe amazwi ukuqonda inkcazelo engenayo evela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, kuquka nalo athe ehlaselwa okokuqala.

Semantics - yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye candelo enjalo Ezolimi, igrama. Kuphuhliso naluphi semantics kulwimi eli gama ivavanywa utshintsho ezininzi nokufika iingcamango ezintsha izikhundla Ezolimi. Umzekelo, imigaqo esisiseko kusetyenziswa xa kusakhiwa icandelo kwisemantiki, ziye zaphuhliswa zizazinzulu American J .. Katz kunye J .. Fodor.

Semantics kwizichazi: siseko kunye neempawu

Ngexesha kwisemantiki uhlalutyo magama intsingiselo yamagama busisigxina nge inkcazelo ekhethekileyo okanye iinkcazo kuphuhliswa kulwimi ezikhethekileyo. ulwimi lwesemantiki ithetha ocace kakhulu (ezifakwe), kodwa kwangaxeshanye ngakumbi inkcazo olungqongqo yenjongosenzi okanye ngumkhuba kunokuba ngokwemigaqo ngolwimi ngemihla. Umzekelo, unako ukufumana inkcazelo amaphepha-magama yesemantiki "NOSINF = INFO, UBUBANZI." Isetyenziswa ukubhekisela losasazo amafutshane kunye semantics of kwizikhundla elilingana into oluqulathe ulwazi.

Ekutolikeni amagama ngolimi lwemvelo Izazinzulu ubhale amacandelo kunye nembonakalo sebenzisa ucaphulo single. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela awusebenzi kwizichazi njengoko inkqubo ngokwayo isigama yemodeli isixhobo umthombo ucebisa ukuba umntu ubeka "ilizwi - incazelo", ie inkcazelo, njengoko umthetho, ilungelo igama elichaziweyo. Ekutolikeni izazi ziphakamiso kuchaphulo olu phindwe kabini. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ubuchule nayo semantics, musa idibana kunye ehambisana nazo ngolwimi yendalo. Umzekelo, ukwakhiwa "Dibanisa-In-Umtshato" kwi semantics akayi kubonwa indibaniselwano amagama amathathu, kwaye njengento olunye phando.

Semantics - isayensi ekhethekileyo ukuba umsebenzi wabo isebenzisa udidi meta-language. Eli binzana kuyimfuneko ukuba amisele ngolwimi elichaza olunye ulwimi. Natural, umzekelo senze ngokunxulumene meta-language yakhe. Iziqalelo ingase ziquka iitshati sabulwimi lomzobo, iitheyibhile, imifanekiso, okanye imizobo, badla wadibana kwi izichazi-magama ezinemifanekiso.