Uguquko emali

Uninzi iintsilelo amanyathelo lupheliswe kwinkalo emali, njengoko ukwehla, ukutshintshana imali, ihlelo. Noko ke, onke la manyathelo ungabi sisizekabani uphuculo ixesha elide, musa ukubeka ecaleni izizathu ezibangele ezi okanye ezinye nezingalunganga.

ukususwa olukhulu ngezenzeko ezimbi ke kubuyiselo malini. Le nkqubo ibonelela kutshintsho, iyunithi yemali ezinzileyo kuzinza, nto leyo inegalelo kuphuhliso lobudlelwane kwezoqoqosho kuqoqosho emarikeni. Ngelo xesha linye lenyuka nokubaluleka mali kuqoqosho yesizwe mbutho.

Ukuhlaziywa yemali wenziwe ngokungqinelana nomthetho yangoku. Bona ejolise ekomelezeni inkqubo nemali karhulumente. Ngexesha inguqu kwenzeka nokususwa kakuhle engamaphepha, endaweni yokukhululwa engamaphepha ezintsha. Utshintsho kunye currency (okanye umxholo igolide), wenza utshintsho ukusuka kwenye yenkqubo yemali ukuya kwenye. Kulo mzekelo, utshintsho olwenziwa ngemali eziinkozo kwegazi kunye non-cash kwiintengiselwano.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba yotshintsho lwemali akuqinisekisi uzinzo elizayo kweyunithi zemali. Emva kokuba ukuphunyezwa iinguqu ezifunekayo ukuphumeza rhoqo nezenzo ukomeleza inkqubo entsha. ukubaluleka lo mgaqo-nkqubo yezemali kunye ngetyala. ukusetyenziswa kwayo ivumela ukwenza ummiselo eyimfuneko wezezimali.

Ngokutsho kumava embali notshintsho kwaye kuthathelwa ingqalelo okuqulathwe utshintsho ngokwabo, kukho ezifuneka ezintathu eziphambili kwimpumelelo yokuvuselelwa wemali.

1. Ukugcina unit zemali kukhula yemveliso kakhulu. Yena kunegalelo umthamo yonikezelo nomda amathuba kokunyuka kwamaxabiso.
2. Akukho kusilela kwibhajethi kukutyeka uzisa umba imali kunye yetyala lakho ukuze imelane iindleko. Ngenxa yokuba eli gunya yokuthenga limited yaye amathuba ifuthe layo yokwanda kwamanani.
3. Ukuba kukho ezaneleyo neemali zangaphandle ukugcina izinga lotshintshiselwano ezinzileyo lohlobo lwemali kazwelonke. Ezi zolondolozo zingasetyenziswa ukungenisa iimpahla ukuze lonyuse unikezelo wabo kwimarike, xa kukho imfuneko.

Kakade ke, zonke ezi zinto zibe intsingiselo eyahlukileyo ekuqhubeni iinguqu zemali ezahlukeneyo.

Umzekelo, ukuba uhlaziyo yokuqala yemali eRashiya iminyaka 1895-97 kuthwalelwa phandle ngokuchasene nentsukaphi lokukhula imveliso kunye mali phantse ngokulinganayo. Kodwa ke, ngenxa yokuba lo ukuguqulwa ngexesha wacebisa exchange simahla engamaphepha igolide, zokwanda koovimba begolide iye Ndizuze ukubaluleka ekhethekileyo.

ngokutsha entsha yemali lwaqhutywa kwiminyaka 1922-24 kweli lizwe. Conversion kufuneka baye bayiyeka imiphumela emibi ezithe zabakho kwindlela yolawulo-mali emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I kunye War Civil. Kule meko zifuneka kuqala ukuze kuphunyezwe ngempumelelo utshintsho bebengekho. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko ezithile bayazibhijabhija, befuna Ushintsho ebambe ngoko nangoko. Ezi meko ziquka ekwandiseni ukusebenza imali amazwe ejikelezayo. Ngokuthe ngcembe waqalisa luthathe kungase lwemali kazwelonke. Malunga nalo ukuguqulwa zaqalwa ekupheleni konyaka-22 mba lo tenner. Oku kubangele ukuba kubekho uhlengahlengiso lemali (kungekho iimeko ezithile) nakanye, kodwa kuphela ekuqaleni konyaka 24.

Ezi nguqu zilandelayo kwindlela yolawulo-mali kweli lizwe lwenziwa ngo-1947. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba utshintsho yokuqala bekufanele ukuba ukuqala ngo-1946. Kodwa ngenxa yotshintsho kunyaka lwemali embi kwahlehliselwa kunyaka olandelayo, nto leyo Qhamani negalelo kwimpumelelo yokuziphatha yayo.

Imfuneko ezi utshintshwano elandelayo yenzekile eRashiya kule nkulungwane yama-20 emva kwexesha. Ngelo xesha ixabiso lemali kubomi abemi kunye umsebenzi kwamashishini oko kunokuba ephantsi. Ngenxa yoko, izinga lonaniselwano lwemali kazwelonke laguquka ngo-1998, ibambe ihlelo.