Ufuna ukwazi oko ilanga?

Star Wabiza Sun - kuphela kwinkqubo yethu. Around kuyo phendula kwezinye izinto, iphakathi apho uMhlaba, apho siza kuphila. Kwaye banikwe ukubaluleka kulo mzimba saa yasezulwini ngobukho zonke izinto eziphilayo, kuquka abantu Emhlabeni, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba uyazi ukuba yintoni na elangeni kwaye zingaphi iminyaka iya kuba nako kukhanya.

Sun unqulo nesifundo

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo abantu baye baqaphela ukuba indima ephambili edlalwa yi inkwenkwezi kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo. ezininzi mandulo ndamnqula ilanga, kwakukho ihlelo lonqulo kuye. Oku wayesoyikwa njengothixo eYiputa yamandulo, ngaphambi-Columbian America. Ke eminye imisebenzi ezinkulu uluntu kuzinikela Sun: Stonehenge eNgilani, Chichen Itza e Mexico, umzekelo. Indawo banikwa elanga, wakha iiphiramidi. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, loo izazi zamandulo zamaGrike bakholwa ilanga iplanethi, kunye Umhlaba. Kakade ke, ngaloo mihla kungekho namnye unako ukuqashisela ukuba yintoni na elangeni. Umzekelo, i-Greek sobulumko Anaxagoras wayecinga ukuba wadalwa ngentsimbi (apho, ngokuzenzekelayo, waphoswa entolongweni waza wagwetyelwa ukufa). Kwaye ke ingcamango yokuba zonke izijikelezi-langa zijikeleza ngeenxa kweli ziko, nto leyo le nkwenkwezi wavuswa zizazinzulu of India yamandulo (kwaye phantse ngaxeshanye - Greece), yaye waphila yaphuhliswa Copernicus ngenkulungwane ye-16.

bezenzululwazi

isayensi Modern ngokuqinisekileyo uye kude phambili. Izazinzulu ziqikelela ubunzima zikwamzimba yasezulwini, kunye nemali yakhe presumptive, yaye umgama uMhlaba. Imigqaliselo wenziwe abangaboniyo ngoncedo ngezibonakude zinamandla zale mihla ezinokwenza kungandisa ukuze sonke ukuba kuyabonakala shazi. Ukusebenzisa iisathelayithi ezenziwe laqaliswa komzila ahambelanayo, atsalwa izinto gqitha ukulungiselela isifundo eneenkcukacha. Ngoku yaziwa ngokuchanileyo, yintoni na elangeni. kwakhona yaye yacaca ukuba solntsevedam izazinzulu ' "nokubunjwa kwayo qualitative uqwalaselo.

isakhiwo yangaphakathi

inkwenkwezi wethu isakhiwo sekhombuya. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngaphezu kwe-99 ubunzima% yabo ubunzima lilonke yonke inkqubo elanga (ukulinganisa, kuba amaxesha 330.000 mkhulu ubunzima zehlabathi). Ngokutsho yokuhlela ecacicleyo lwe Sun kukho uhlobo ', nenomlanga yellow ". Oluphambili - umbindi, apho iinkqubo yenyukliya (radius ngaphezu 150 ophosa). Kukho lobushushu eliphezulu kakhulu - ngaphezu kweqondo lama-14 lezigidi, kwaye into ifikelela ezixineneyo enkulu. Amandla nobushushu ekuveliseni core ngenxa indlela, yaye indawo eseleyo ilanga kumo kubo. Yintoni ingundoqo kwelanga? Ukususela embindini kwenkwenkwezi fusion reaction kwenzeka, yaye hydrogen, emi inxenye likhulu ekwakhiweni, ukutsha, izazinzulu zikholelwa kukho ngaphezu helium (64%) kunye ngaphantsi yehayidrojini (ukuya kwi-36%).

Yintoni Sun

Kulungile, kukuba malunga kernel. A ilanga ngokwayo iqulathe ncakasana hydrogen. 92% yayo umthamo ngokobunzima - 73%. Into elandelayo - helium (7% unyuse ivolyum). Kwakhona, kukho ezinye izinto: yentsimbi, nickel, ioksijini, initrogen, isalfure, nemagnesium, calcium kunye chromium, nabanye abathile - entlantlu nayiphi ilanga izinto.

iileya ezimbini eziphambili

oomaleko ezimbini eziphambili zezi: ngaphakathi kunye esesibhakabhakeni. Inner iqulathe ezintathu: undoqo kommandla transfer amandla, ummandla පිළිතුරු iimpendulo. emoyeni Sun libunjwa amalungu amathathu: photosphere, lo chromosphere kunye corona.

transfer amandla ngokusebenzisa radiation kunye පිළිතුරු iimpendulo,

Kule ndawo zilandelayo undoqo, ukutshintshwa amandla fusion eveliswe ngumongo inkwenkwezi umphantsi nomphezulu kweLanga ngakumbi. Iqondo lobushushu uvikivwa ngokuthe ngcembe, kwakunye nokwanda ombala. Esi sigaba kuthatha ukusuka 0.3 ukuya 0.7 oyi zizonke ukusuka kwiziko. Ummandla පිළිතුරු iimpendulo esemva, transfer amandla elizayo ngokusebenzisa inkqubo පිළිතුරු iimpendulo.

Sun ojikeleze

Le photosphere - ubuso obubonakalayo kwelanga. Sithumela emkhathini reyi ecacicleyo. ubudeki balo ngumgama oziikhilomitha 200 kuphela. A umaleko ibekwe ngaphezu kwayo chromosphere ukuba amaxesha esinobukhulu eziliqela mkhulu - up to km-20 000. Kukho ukufukuka ngokuqhubekekayo kwehlisa kunye neegesi, ekwenzeni intshukumo. Xa chromosphere maxa wambi kukho prominences aphumele ukusuka kumphezulu ukuya ku-250 000 km, yayibonakala naxa Earth. Ngamanye amaxesha izinto abayiqokeleleyo ukuvelela solar weyisayo womxhuzulane acazulule kude emajukujukwini. Le corona elanga njengoko ligqibe ukwakha ilanga, ndibathuma ndivuka ayi kwezigidi ezi-2. Crown View ayisoloko kuyafana kwaye ezinxulumene kunye nexesha umsebenzi nkwenkwezi.

umoya solar

Ukususela isithsaba gqolo ilandela ukuhamba ngamasuntswana ukuba insimbi. Oku ikakhulu protons kunye elektroni, ngokuba umoya elanga. Awabonisi ukuba kanye imida umoya elanga. Imitha ifikelela isigidi ngamasuntswana ngomzuzu. ukulahlekelwa kwabo, nenomlanga emthubi iminyaka million ubunzima abaninzi elingana iplanethi, ezifana uMhlaba. izenzakalo ezifana le ezimibalabala Aurora , okanye izaqhwithi geomagnetic emhlabeni ezinxulumene ngqo impembelelo yomoya elanga.

Ilanga kunye nokuphila on Earth

Kuba abantu, izilwanyana kunye nezityalo eziphila eMhlabeni, ilanga nokukhanya ekhutshwa ngazo - into ebaluleke kakhulu. Kwezo ndawo apho imitha kuza ambalwa, wabona kukho iintlobo elincinane ngeendlela zebhayoloji, kuphungulwe sexesha lokukhula izityalo, wazivalela iintlobo. Kwelanga - sisiseko yefotosinthesisi. A yiklorofili plant emagqabini yenye yeemeko esisisiseko ukuvela eziphilayo emhlabeni, ngokutsho Abaphengululi abaninzi. Neentlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana (nabantu) apho, ngenxa ukutya izityalo kunye nokwanda amandla elanga emzimbeni. Enye into ebalulekileyo ukuze ngobukho zonke izinto eziphilayo yemisebe yelanga kwelanga, apho ukuvelisa uVithamin D. Kodwa ngokugqithiseleyo imitha yelanga iplanethi yethu likhusela -ozone, ngaphandle apho, njengokuba abaphengululi bakholelwa, iifom ubomi azikhange zikwazi ukufumana ukuba yome umhlaba ukusuka amanzi World Ocean.

Cacisa ukuba yintoni na elangeni abantwana - akukho nzima. Kodwa ukuqonda iimpawu noshowo iinkwenkwezi omkhulu ezifana nale, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukumela baxabiseke umthamo irhasi buzinze elinye endaweni yenkqubo elanga. Kwaye xa kufika lula, iLanga lolona luninzi, kwaye hydrogen kunye helium. Ezi gesi ke ukukhanya kakhulu, kodwa ke inkwenkwezi ngokwawo - enzima kakhulu kwaye inobunzima njengoko 330 000 izijikelezi-langa twatse Earth. A lobushushu apho esotha ezi kunye nezinye izinto ezakha - up to degrees million 15. Enkulu data kwi nokwakheka kweenkwenkwezi ngabaphengululi mihla zifunyenwe Uhlalutyo kwelanga efikelela Umhlaba, kwaye ichaneke ngokufanelekileyo.