Geography unxibelelwano ahlukeneyo kunye nezinye izifundo zesayensi. Unxibelelwano Geography ne physics, chemistry, imathematika, ibhayoloji, imvelo

Akukho single bodwa ngokupheleleyo kwabanye ulwazi yenzululwazi. Bonke bephela ibhijelene ngokusondeleyo kunye nabanye. Umsebenzi nawuphi na utitshala okanye ngutitshala - kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze aveze ulwalamano ahlukeneyo. Kweli nqaku siza kuqwalasela ubuhlobo yejografi kunye nezinye izifundo zesayensi.

Interscience unxibelelwano - ntoni na?

Interscience (okanye intersubject) uqhagamshelwano - ulwalamano phakathi izifundo ngamnye. Njengoko kufuneka abekwe ngutitshala (teacher) kunye nabafundi ngethuba kwinkqubo yokufunda. Ukufanisa lobudlelwane inika nokwenziwa ngcono ulwazi kwaye unegalelo ukusetyenziswa ngobuchule kubo practice. Ngoko ke, utitshala kufuneka bajolise ingqalelo kulo mba xa nokufundiswa kwayo nayiphi na inzululwazi.

Ukukhangelwa uxhulumaniso ezixuba - inkalo ebalulekileyo ekwakheni inkqubo obunentsingiselo kunye nomgangatho wemfundo. Ngapha koko, ulwazi lwabo umfundi ivumela kuye ukuqonda wesifundo kunye nemingeni ethile kwinzululwazi.

Isayensi izifundo imvelo

System Sciences, ukufunda indalo, kuquka physics, ibhayoloji, ngeenkwenkwezi, ngezinto eziphilayo, ngokwemimandla nangeendlela chemistry. Zibizwa kwakhona iinkalo zezifundo zenzululwazi zendalo. Mhlawumbi loo ndawo ibalulekileyo phakathi kwabo bobabo physics (enyanisweni, nkqu eli gama lithetha "indalo").

Ubudlelwane kwendawo kwezinye iisayensi ukufunda indalo Kucacile, ngokuba bonke bephela - yinto eqhelekileyo yesifundo. Kodwa kutheni olufundwa iinkalo ezahlukeneyo?

Eyona nto kukuba ulwazi imvelo ezininzi kakhulu, oko kuquka amacala ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kunye nemiba. Wathi omnye ngesayensi ukuyiqonda nokuchaza nje akakwazi. Kungenxa yoko le nto ngokwembali kwasekwa iinkalo eziliqela abahlola iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, izinto ezinzulu kweli hlabathi abasingqongileyo.

IJografi kunye nezinye izifundo zesayensi

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba ukuya kwinkulungwane XVII, inzululwazi ye-Earth esimanyeneyo esisiso. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, nokwanda kolwazi olutsha, into uba ezinokuntsonkotha yenza isifundo yayo. Kungekudala bayishiya eyayimi ngayo eziphilayo, yokwakheka kamva. Kamva, abambalwa inzululwazi bomhlaba baba elizimeleyo. Ngeli xesha, ngokusekelwe ekufundweni amacandelo ahlukeneyo emvulophini eendawo endiyibumbileyo, waqinisa amaqhina yejografi kunye nezinye izifundo zesayensi.

Namhlanje kwi isakhiwo yejografi kuthetha ukuba uyala ngaphantsi kwe amahlanu ezahlukeneyo. Ngamnye kubo iindlela zophando lakhe. Ngokubanzi, ukuma yahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini amakhulu:

1. geography Physical.
2. geography Socio-noqoqosho.

Uphando lokuqala iinkqubo zendalo izinto, kwaye yesibini - le ngezenzeko ezenzeka ekuhlaleni kunye noqoqosho. Ngokufuthi uqhagamshelwano phakathi iinkalo ezimbini elimxinwa ezivela kumacandelo ahlukeneyo nemfundiso akafumaneki.

Kwelinye icala, ngenxa eyayimi ngayo nezinye izinto zenzululwazi ikufutshane kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, lamakholwane kakhulu "Ekhaya" kuba zezi:

• physics;
• eziphilayo;
• nemvelo;
• Math (geometry ethile);
• imbali;
• koqoqosho;
• chemistry;
• cartography;
• imithi;
• kwabantu;
• inguqu kunye nabanye.

Yaye ekudibaneni yejografi kunye nezinye izifundo zesayensi badla ngokukwazi ukwakha uqeqesho entsha ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, Geophysics apho, geochemistry okanye geography zonyango.

Physics kunye nokwakheka kwaso: ubudlelwane phakathi Sciences

Physics - enyanisweni, usulungekile nenzululwazi yendalo. Eli gama ifumaneka imisebenzi uRhazes yamaGrike uAristotle owayehlala nkqu kwimizobo IV-III. BC. Yiloo nto uqhagamshelwano yejografi yemvelo close kakhulu.

Kakuhle eli womoya, ukuvela yomoya okanye iinkalo ukuyilwa komhlaba glacial - ukutyhila zonke ezi mixholo kunzima kakhulu, hayi abhenele ulwazi abazifumene kwizifundo physics. Kwezinye izikolo i-umkhuba yokuqhuba izifundo ezihlangeneyo, ezo ngokulungelelanisiweyo ephothiweyo physics kunye nokwakheka kwaso.

Umdibaniso phakathi kwezi iisayensi ezimbini esikolweni kunceda abafundi ulwazi olunzulu ngezinto khosi kunye concretise ulwazi lwabo. Ukongeza, kodwa ekuhambeni njengesixhobo ukubunjwa umdla efundisayo kwi besikole kwinzululwazi "ezikufutshane". Ngokomzekelo, omnye umfundi lowo ngokwenene bavane physics, ngokukhawuleza ukuyithanda naye kwesinye tidyondzo lwesifundo. Le yenye inkalo ebalulekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa uxhulumaniso ahlukeneyo.

Biology kunye nokwakheka kwaso

geography Unxibelelwano eziphilayo, mhlawumbi yeyona ezicacileyo. Zombini inzululwazi ukufunda indalo. Loo nto nje eziphilayo lujolise eziphilayo (izityalo, izilwanyana, umngundo kunye ezincinci izinto), kunye nokwakheka kwaso - on amabakala alo abiotic (amatye, imilambo, amachweba, imozulu, njl ...). Kodwa ngenxa ubudlelwane phakathi kumacandelo eziphilayo nezingaphiliyo i yendalo close kakhulu, nto leyo ithetha iinkcukacha kunye nenzululwazi priori enxulumene.

Ekudibaneni kwe eziphilayo kunye nokwakheka kwaso ebumba uqeqesho entsha ngokupheleleyo - biogeography. Eyona into ukufunda kwakhe - biogeocoenoses, leyo basebenzisane amacandelo kunye zasemanzini kunye abiotic yokusingqongileyo.

Ezi izifundo zenzululwazi ezimbini nayo ikwafaka umba kulawulo lokusingqongileyo. Ukufumana impendulo ilungelo kulo geography eziphilayo ukuhlanganisa zonke iinzame zabo.

Ecology kunye neJografi

Ezi nkalo zimbini zihlobene ngokusondeleyo ukuze ngamanye amaxesha sifundo lezifundo zabo ezichongiweyo. Ewiliko nayiphi na ingxaki yokusingqongileyo nje akunakwenzeka ngaphandle ngokubhekiselele kwimiba lwesifundo.

Eyona onamandla uxhulumaniso geography lokusingqongileyo emzimbeni. Oku kwabangela ukuba kusekwe i nenzululwazi entsha ngokupheleleyo - Geoscience Environmental. Kuba okokuqala kule kota wazisa Carl badla kule minyaka 1930. It is a uqeqesho isicelo esibanzi ukuba ufunda isakhiwo, iimpawu kunye neenkqubo ezenzeka kwindawo yabantu, kwakunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo.

Omnye wemisebenzi engundoqo kukuba ukufuna geo-imvelo kunye nokuphuhliswa kweendlela zolawulo lwendalo esingqongileyo, ngokunjalo nohlolo ithemba kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo kwimimandla okanye imimandla ethile.

Chemistry kunye neJografi

Enye ingqeqesho eklasini iinzululwazi zendalo, nto leyo eye ulwalamano olusondeleyo kwendawo - ukuba chemistry. Ngokukodwa, oko esinxibelelana esimi yemihlaba kunye nenzululwazi lomhlaba.

Ngokusekelwe kwezi ubudlelwane zivelile kwaye nokuphuhlisa intsimi lwenzululwazi olutsha. Ngoko ke, kuqala kwiinto zonke, geochemistry, hydrochemistry, chemistry esesibhakabhakeni kunye geochemistry-mhlaba. Uhlolisiso ezinye izihloko yejografi nje akunakwenzeka ngaphandle ulwazi olufanelekileyo chemistry. Okokuqala sithetha ngale miba ilandelayo:

• ukwabiwa imichiza kwi kuqweqwe lomhlaba;
• isakhiwo lwemichiza yentlabathi;
• asidi zomhlaba;
• umchiza ukubunjwa wamanzi;
• etyuwa amanzi olwandle;
• ulwelo emoyeni nemvelaphi yabo;
• ukufuduka kwezinto kwi lithosfere kunye kwehayidrosfere.

Le nokwenziwa kwezinto abafundi baya kuba kakuhle ngokwemiqathango izifundo ezihlangeneyo, ngokusekelwe iilebhu okanye amagumbi chemistry.

Mathematics kunye nokwakheka kwaso

Ubudlelwane phakathi izibalo kunye nokwakheka kwaso, kukho bayavana. Umzekelo, ukuba bafundise umntu asebenzise imephu eendawo okanye isicwangciso endaweni ngaphandle kolwazi ezisisiseko zemathematika kunye nezakhono kunokwenzeka.

Unxibelelwano kwemathematika kunye geography kwabonakala ubukho iinjongo ekuthiwa-geographical. Ngumsebenzi:

• kude elithile kwi mephu;
• Ekuqinisekiseni koluhlu;
• ukubala ezintlomeni zeentaba kwi ukuthambeka ubushushu okanye ukuthambeka uxinzelelo;
• izibalo lwezalathisi yabantu kunye like.

Ukongeza, esimi kuphando lwabo usoloko esebenzisa iindlela zemathematika: statistical, ukuhlanganisa, ukulungelelana, indlela yokubumba (kubandakanywa ikhompyutha), kunye nabanye. Ukuba sithethe geography kwezoqoqosho, izibalo kunye ntoni na ukubizwa kwayo 'isiqingatha-udade ".

Cartography kunye neJografi

Umdibaniso phakathi kwezi iinkalo ezimbini, akukho mntu ufanele ukuba kumpompoze yokuthandabuza. Emva kokuba bonke ikhadi - oku esimi ngayo ulwimi. Ngaphandle inzululwazi cartography lee.

Kukho indlela ekhethekileyo uphando - mapping. Yena ukufumana ulwazi ekunene ukuya sisazinzulu zamakhadi ezahlukeneyo. Ngenxa yoko, imephu yendawo ukusuka kwendawo eqhelekileyo imveliso iguqulelwa njengomthombo ingcaciso ebalulekileyo. Le ndlela uphando ezisetyenziswa umthambo ezininzi: eziphilayo, imbali, uqoqosho, demographics, njalo-njalo.

History kunye nokwakheka kwaso

"Imbali iJografi ixesha kunye nokwakheka kwaso - ibali kwisithuba." Le mbono ichanekile kakhulu wabonakaliswa Jean-Zhak Reklyu.

Imbali ezinxulumene kuphela geography yentlalo (ezentlalo kunye nezoqoqosho). Ngoko ke, kubemi sifundo kunye yezoqoqosho kwilizwe elithile akakwazi ngoyaba icala layo kwimbali. Ngaloo ndlela, a ngokuma oselula, a priori, kufuneka ngokubanzi ukuqonda iinkqubo zembali ukuba kwenzeka kwindawo ethile.

Kutshanje, izazinzulu kukho izimvo ekudibaniseni ngokupheleleyo kwezi nkalo zimbini. Kwaye kwezinye iiyunivesithi kudala kwasekwa kufutshane okukhethekile "Imbali kunye neJografi".

Economics and Geography

IJografi kunye zezoqoqosho nazo esondele kakhulu. Enyanisweni, isiphumo sentsebenziswano phakathi kwale inzululwazi mibini ukuvela isiyalo entsha ngokupheleleyo ngokuba geography kwezoqoqosho.

Ukuba ekonomteorii umbuzo obalulekileyo "ntoni nalowo ukuvelisa", ukuba geography lwezoqoqosho wayeyixhalabele ngento enye: indlela apho zikhutshwa impahla ethile? Kwaye le isayensi ezama ukufumana isizathu sokuba ukuveliswa imveliso lusekiwe kule (ezithile) yinxalenye lizwe okanye ummandla.

geography Economic inzondo nkqu phakathi kwenkulungwane XVIII. Uyise zingathathwa njengesazinzulu mkhulu M. V. Lomonosova, eyaqamba ibinzana elithi ngo 1751. Ekuqaleni, geography soqoqosho kuphela esichazayo. Koko, xa lo umda izilangazelelo zakhe zibandakanya ingxaki yokuhlala imikhosi nemveliso ezidolophini.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, geography zomnotho kubandakanya iinkalo eziliqela shishino. Zezi:

• imboni Geography;
• ezolimo;
• izithuthi;
• iziseko;
• ukhenketho;
• Ukuma kweenkonzo.

Ekuphetheni ...

Bonke ootitshala beeSayensi ezinxulumene omnye komnye ukuya ithile enoba kukancinane okanye. geography Unxibelelwano kunye nezinye izifundo zesayensi nazo esondele kakhulu. Ingakumbi xa kuziwa iinkalo ezifana nembali, physics, chemistry, ibhayoloji, ezoqoqosho okanye eziphilayo.

Omnye wemingeni lukatitshala mihla - ukuchonga ubonise umfundi unxibelelwano ahlukeneyo ngemizekelo ethile. Le yimeko ebaluleke kakhulu ekwakheni inkqubo yemfundo esemgangathweni. Ngenxa yobunzima ulwazi luxhomekeke ngqo kwi ukwanela isicelo zalo zokusombulula iingxaki practical.