Eyona misebenzi iphambili nokuxubana yamandulo

Iiklasi ziqingwa awohluke ye nokuxubana bamandulo kunye neemeko zendalo zemozulu yommandla apho ayehlala. East European Plain, nto leyo eye yaba ulihlathi ookhokho bethu, lilawulwe iimeko ezithile zokulima, nokusinda lonke. Xa siyithobela, i nokuxubana yamandulo ngcembe kakuhle zonke izibonelelo ezikhoyo onazo lwabo yaye ngaloo ndlela bakha urhulumente omkhulu nowomeleleyo.

The main umsebenzi

Lonke ulwazi malunga ubomi koobawo bethu, izazinzulu lungafumaneka data zakudala, kwakunye evela kwimithombo kubhaliweyo. Lichaza bafumana zindala nokuxubana kwakucingwa ukuba V-IV kwiinkulungwane BC. amaxwebhu abhaliweyo sele zikho ixesha kamva - ukususela phakathi AD I leminyaka. Yonke imithombo kubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba lo msebenzi ungundoqo nokuxubana yamandulo ezolimo. Ngexesha ngabembi sele kufunyenwe inani elikhulu iimbewu zezityalo ezahlukeneyo: irye, buckwheat, amazimba, nerhasi, iflakisi hemp.

Ngegunya nobungakanani kummandla ahlala kuyo ookhokho bethu, ezolimo kumaziko alo ahlukeneyo ethile awohluke. Ukwahlula uhlobo isleshi kunye wokukhusela namanqa.

zone evumayo

Kwimihlaba esemazantsi beba, ngoko izifundo eziphambili nokuxubana yamandulo, ezinxulumene ne ukulinywa kwezityalo, kwabonakala kancinane ngaphambili. Indlela ephambili ukulima lifusi. Inani elikhulu evulekileyo, ezamahala kwiindawo ehlathini kunye nomhlaba ochumileyo lokuhlwayela kwiminyaka embalwa ilandelelana. Baya bakhonza rhoqo abantu kwindawo ethile, uze emva koko ediniwe. Kulo mzekelo, amafama babefuna ukuba isiza esitsha (yayisoloko imiswa) kwaye yonke into liphindwe.

Isixhobo yokuqala, eyasetyenziswa ookhokho bethu kwiinkalo ekumzantsi, yaba ikhuba ngamaplanga. Waza walitshintsha ikhuba wakhe ikhuba yentsimbi. Ukuvela izixhobo ezinjalo liye landa kakhulu inani umhlaba elinywe kunye nomgangatho unyango lwabo.

Isleshi-and-atshise ezolimo

Thile ngokwahlukileyo ngayo umhlaba emantla. Apha, indawo enkulu ilizwe zigqunywe ngamahlathi, kwaye nokuxubana kwafuneka ukuba akhulule intsimi elizayo kwemithi. Uqeqesho wathabatha kuqhubeka ngokwezigaba ezibini. Yonke imithi anqamka phantsi kwindawo ezikhethiweyo kwaye washiywa kunyaka wokuqala. Ngexesha lasebusika ukuba atshe, litshe ithende zabo kwizikhondo atshiswe: umhlaba ayaqhama kakuhle umlotha. Ke ukuba uhlwayela ukhozo. Zilungisiwe elizwe, abezisa isivuno iminyaka emibini okanye emithathu koko zinciphe. Abalimi wathumela inxenye efanelekileyo uphendlo olutsha.

I nomsebenzi iphambili nokuxubana yamandulo ngasentla ibe ngamagaba, zembe, epuluweni, umhlakulo ne-Harrow-sukovatka. Evuna ookhokho bethu ngeerhengqe. Le ingqolowa ukusilwa kunye graters namatye okugaya.

uhlobo ez kwezolimo

Imbonakalo izixhobo zentsimbi enokuchatshazelwa kakhulu zonke iiklasi nokuxubana yamandulo. Kwezolimo iye wanda: ukwandisa indawo kwamasimi olinywayo. Bakha ekuthiwa-mhlaba-amathathu wokutshintshwa kwezityalo dvuhpolnye. Kwimeko yokuqala, ilizwe yahlulwe kabini. Kolunye kuzo ngqo ukukhula ingqolowa. Isiqingatha sesibini waba phantsi umphunga, ngamanye yokuphumla. Intsimi yokuqala eyaziwa ngokuba ebusika, kuba yodaka ebusika.

Xa kwezolimo endle-ezintathu ukongeza kwezi nkalo zimbini ema kwenye. It Iinkozo luhlwayelwa entwasahlobo, yaye ngenxa yoko kwathiwa ihlobo. Loo nkqubo liye lasetyenziswa kakhulu apha emzantsi. Kule ngasentla, ixesha ebalulekileyo yembali ayizange ibe umhlaba ngokwaneleyo.

Isikali zezifundo eziphambili nokuxubana yamandulo, kuba zonke izixhobo bakudala kuyamangalisa. Abembi bezinto zakudala bhuma eziliqela banzi zifunyenweyo. Inxenye ke kubo lula ukungena ukuya kwiitoni ezingama-5 yesityalo.

ukufuya iinkomo

Iiklasi yamandulo nokuxubana (imizobo kunye nemizobo ebonisa ubomi koobawo bethu, ibonisa ngokucacileyo oku) ezingaphelelanga ukuba ezolimo. Ngoko ngokusondeleyo ehlangene kwakunjalo iinkomo. Abancedi kwiindawo emantla kwezolimo amahashe, nakumazantsi - iinkomo. Nokuxubana yamandulo sajika iigusha, iinkomo, iibhokhwe kunye neehagu. Lo gama kuvunyelwa ubushushu emoyeni, iinkomo ezaziphila phezu emadlelweni. Ebusika, wabekwa eshedini, apho ehlotyeni eninzi ukutya wavuna. Iigusha, iibhokhwe kunye neemazi ukunika ubisi. Scott ibe ngumthombo izikhumba kunye nenyama.

Le nokuxubana bamandulo Sizibandakanye ekuzingeleni. Oboya ukusuka kudaladala kuthengiswe ngokwezizwe ezikufuphi okanye kwaneso kwezinye izinto ezixabisekileyo. Noko ke, iinkomo njengomthombo wokutya kunye nezinye izibonelelo baba oluthembekileyo. izilwanyana zasendle akazange avume ukuba yena nje akwazi bafuduka. Ukufuya izilwanyana ayesoloko. Iinkomo nokuzalela, ngaloo ndlela, yenye imiqathango eziyimfuneko ukuze basinde ngempumelelo kwiimeko ezivame ukuba zimbi elidlulileyo.

Fish ezinkulu nezincinci

Stocks ezidliwayo kwakhona hayi kuphela amasimi kunye namahlathi. Amadama kwakhona engaka sasiyinikile nokuxubana amalungiselelo yamandulo. Fishing yaphuhliswa eRashiya kungekho ngaphantsi kwe ukufuya iinkomo. Kulula ukuba kuzingela kwaye yenza kube lula ukufumana ukutya kufutshane nasekhaya, kunokuba ekushenxeni kude kuyo kwi umgama umxhelo, njengoko kwakunjalo ngexesha tracking of a werhamncwa. Intlanzi sidliwe oontanga njengenkosana, wayibeka phezu commoner etafileni. Naphi na ukuba aphume ndawo. Ngoko mayidityaniswe izifundo ezingundoqo lokuloba yamandulo nokuxubana. uphuhliso kwayo kukhuthazwe kwaye inani elikhulu imilambo namachibi kummandla karhulumente abatsha. Abalobi wambamba Pike, tench, Intlanzi, zakhele kunye sisinkantazi. Le nokuxubana bamandulo benobuchule enkulu ekudaleni nezixhobo. Yemihla chaza oud, uthungelwano, seines, trammel.

Imke Fishing

Amachibi, apho original eli ekuphuhliseni okuloba kwakukho Chud, Ladoga kunye Ilmen nechibi. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, kumaziko okuloba baba Pskov kunye Novgorod. Njengomgaqo, ngeli xesha kwindawo emanxwemeni ichibi senkosi. Noko ke, amabala okuloba kutshintshelwa kwamanye abantu ngaphandle komhlaba. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yentengiso, imiyolelo nokurekhodwa donative.

Isikhulu izizathu zakhe zeentlanzi wambamba amakhoboka wayesazi ubulumko ityala kwaye linoxanduva lokunikezela ukuya etafileni umlinganiselo othile zaveliswa. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ndawonye abazingeli baza bafumana amalungelo athile - umsebenzi njengento ebekekileyo.

izakhiwo

Njengoko kumaxesha amandulo bamaXesha Aphakathi, intlanzi ebanjiswe ezininzi kunene. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba esi sixhobo, ifana nentonga lokuloba, loo nto ithathwa efanelekileyo kuphela zokuzonwabisa nolonwabo. Ngaloo mihla, abantu abaninzi ithuba lokuba akhe aphole enjalo, kwaye ke ngoko kusetyenziswe iindlela ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo. River wayedla ingxolo ezom - udonga okanye ucingo. Iintlanzi yande endaweni enye kwaye wabanjwa. Es ezifakwe entwasahlobo, kwaye lungasuswa kuphela ebusika. fish Skopje ubanjwe ngokusebenzisa Seine. ezidliwayo Inani bayibhalayo yayintle ngokwaneleyo.

Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, umnatha yayisetyenziswa kuqala nokuxubana yamandulo, yaye kuphela emva koko wabonakala eYurophu. Basebenzisa abantu ukunqakula iintlanzi kwimilambo emikhulu kunye namachibi. Ngaphandle kwakhe, imizimba amanzi amancinci wasebenzisa ezahlukahlukeneyo izabatha, ephothiweyo evela amasetyana.

Seine, Noko ke, zisetyenziswa ngaphezu kwezinye izixhobo. ubude bayo ungakwazi ukufikelela ukuya kwiimitha eziliqela. Fishing usebenzisa iminatha ayenziwa nexesha elongezelelweyo kwisithuba Kievan Rus. Ngenxa lula kwaye kalula yale ndlela kungekudala zaye zasasazeka kakhulu kumazwe angabamelwane.

ukufuywa

Xa highlights kokuqhubekileyo kule nokuxubana yamandulo, imizobo ezikhapha itekisi, ngokufuthi zibonisa urhwebo. Yonke imifanekiso ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kubakho umphanda okanye umphanda ezinobusi. Ukufuywa ookhokho bethu sele ziphuhlisiwe kwakunye nezityalo zikhula kunye lokuloba. Kumaxesha feudal Russia uhlobo lusetyenziswa kakhulu lomthi kuthembeke kuyo. IBhodi - umgongxo yendalo (kamva kwakhona yaziwa neyenziweyo), nto leyo endlwini yazo. Isikali kweenyosi eRashiya ukumangaliswa abahambi, kodwa ngenxa yokuba iingxelo ezininzi ingafumaneka wakukhankanya kuyo.

ngezizathu

iindawo Forest, leyo eyathatyathiswa toiler emnyama naziiperile, ebizwa umthi ukusishiya vuphukuphuku. ukubaluleka kwawo kubomi ziintsapho kunye lonke uhlanga luphela ubonisa ekuthiwa-honey-irhafu yayikhona kwinkulungwane yeshumi. Akukho abanye babevunyelwa ukuba ukuyihlawula.

Nokuxubana kusetyenziswa ezibuhlazarha abunjwe kuphela ngendlela yemvelo. Ehlathini, imithi baye baqaphele ukuba efanelekileyo gouging "ngoboya", bayilungisa, yaye kungekudala baye kuhlala ziinyosi. Kakuhle abanembeko umthi umgongxo esetyenziswa ngokubonakalayo de ngenkulungwane XVII, xa endaweni kuye kwafunyanwa. Ukufuywa iye yaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kurhwebo lwangaphandle kunye emakhaya, yaye ukongezelela, negalelo ukugcinwa kwiindawo enkulu yendalo ngendlela yabo yokuqala. Forest, leyo kwaku umthi kakuhle abanembeko ezibuhlazarha, Linganqunyulwa phantsi.

Njengoko ubona, ke, yintoni le nokuxubana yamandulo, amadoda kunye nabafazi, ngokuyintloko ejolise ekuqinisekiseni usapho, isizwe, kwaye seLizwe ukondliwa. ekukhetheni kwaKhe imithombo lilawulwe ngokwemvelo. Sinokuthi ukuba ookhokho bethu Lucky kule ingqiqo: imilambo enzulu wazolula ngenxa leekhilomitha ezininzi zehlathi bahlale bekulungele ukwabelana ukutya. Kwaye izifundo eziphambili nokuxubana yamandulo, lushwankathelwe apha ngoko, ezahlukahlukeneyo njalo. Kwezolimo, ukufuya iinkomo, ukuzingela, ukuloba kunye ukufuywa nazo zincediswe yezandla ezenzeka phantse ngaxeshanye kunye nabo. Ezi iindidi nokuxubana endulo zomdongwe, nangokukrola amatye kunye nemithi, ukusetyenzwa yesinyithi, kuphuhliswa ngaxeshanye kunye namanye. Kunye zenza inkcubeko eyodwa karhulumente abatsha.