UFrieda Calo (Frida Kahlo). Artist Frida Kahlo. Imifanekiso, Biography

Le artist, ngubani ushiye, azafunyanelwa ndawo eliqaqambileyo kwimbali kweemeko ezingavumiyo, impikiswano, eqaqambileyo, Ityhwatyhwa phandle kunye namahlwempu, nabaphethwe ngexesha elifanayo zonke nto. feminists Icon esichengeni ngokwesini. Frida Kahlo.

kwiminyaka yokuqala

Kahlo wazalwa ngoJulayi 6, 1907 kwisiXeko Mexico. Njengoko umntwana yesithathu "Jewish" isiJamani kunye Mexican Indian nomntwana, yena wakhulela ngaphandle care kwada kwayiminyaka 6 hayi ipoliyo.
sinyangeke ngokupheleleyo ayiphumelelanga esi sifo kuba baba umlenze wakhe wasekunene, ibangela ekuqhwaleleni ukuba Frida de ngemihla yokugqibela ezimele ngoncedo nebhulukhwe neziketi elide ilokhwe yesizwe. Frida Kahlo (imbali ebonisa) wobulali kuphela ezi iinkxwaleko, nangona iminyaka yakhe. Ngokwahlukileyo kuzo zonke igcisa elizayo bagqiba ukuqhuba ubomi kakhulu esebenzayo, ukutyelela amaqela ezemidlalo kunye nokulungiselela ukuba gqirha. Okuzibonela bathi babengenako ukukholwa iingxaki ngonyawo lwakhe, njengokuba Kahlo "behamba wendlela kunye swiftness ye ngokwenkonjane." Ibiya kuthetha ukuba iingxaki wababuleweyo, phambi elizayo kunye esisibona zemisebenzi, kodwa kwekamva wacinga ngenye indlela.

ingozi

Xa wayeneminyaka eli-18, Frida Kahlo wafumana ingozi yemoto - ibhasi apho eyayihamba kunye nomhlobo, tram ingene. Companion babaleka iingozi ezincinane, lo gama igcisa ngokwakhe yonakele phantse konke oko kunokwenzeka, phakathi zokonzakala ezinkulu baba umqolo ziye kwiindawo ezintathu, isinqe phantse nakhandiweyo iinyawo nezandla, iimbambo ngaso. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngentonga yentsimbi proporol esiswini sakhe, sinciphise amathuba lokuba ngumama ukuya ubuncinane. Ngokwahlukileyo kuzo zonke iingqikelelo, Frida waphinda wabonisa namandla komoya yaye wasinda. Iminyaka emininzi asebenzise imisebenzi ngaphezu mathathu, nokuphakama ebhedini, eyayifakwe kwi corset amathambo kunye gypsum. Yokugxeka kwaye ibuhlungu kukuba kungenxa yale ntlekele, yena kuqala Ndathatha ibrashi. Going crazy unesizungu kwaneengcinga wazikrazula ingqondo yakhe, waqala ukuba ukupeyinta self-eni. Ubuxoki kwakungelula ukuyenza, kodwa isakhelo ekhethekileyo isipili ibekwe ngaphezu ebhedini, wancedisa kule nkalo. Kwixesha elizayo, igcisa Frida Kahlo uninzi wayekhala kunye umnqweno ukulicacisa kwi self-eni, wonke umsebenzi wakhe esekelwe phezu kwazo. Loo move ibiqhutywa kukha umxakatho. Ngumgwebi ngokwakho: kwimizuzu engaphele ndawo, iiyure, iintsuku, yena wasala kwakuyo, ukumba, ukufunda, ukufunda. Zonke neemvakalelo, iinzame nokuxakaniseka, ngalo apho Uyabubona ihlabathi, uya kuyibona loo nto efanayo. Ubuso kwi ngelaphu njengomthetheli phakathi lwangaphandle nangaphakathi. Feisty, fun-bothando, engqwabalala yaye sisiphango ecacileyo, embindini uvuyo kunye nobomi - ngoko ubonwe, kodwa yokwenene Frida Kahlo (imizobo, iifoto, iiblogu akaxoki) beziluma ngokwayo ngaphakathi, ukuzama nokuze ukusuka isiphelo yintoni eso sikolo.

Diego

Umbilini ongaphakathi, buguqulwe ubungwanyalala umona kunye titanium, akazange alidanisi, yaye eli xesha - Frida efika kweenyawo zakhe, kodwa draw zange ayeke. Yonke into, yonke umoya ngoku ikhatshwe ubuhlungu, kodwa zange Akukhathaliseki - wahlukana phantsi kwaye ukulungele ukuhamba. Calo wazifumana brush, kodwa musa ukuba ngokwaneleyo ukuzithemba, ngoko ndagqiba kwelokuba bacele icebiso ukuba sele eyaziwa ngexesha ngumzobi Diego Rivera. Kwakhona, isigqebelo eyenzeka - koko waya ukufumana womelele kwaye ufumane ukuzithemba, bamfumana obukhulu kunabo bonke ubomi bakhe. Diego wachukunyiswa zombini imizobo kunye igcisa ngokwakhe, yaye emva kwethuba Wabuza kuyise wayo esandleni sakhe UFrieda. Zonke uthando njengaye kunye namava mzuzu wendele Diary of Frida Kahlo, leyo yena kwakhokelela de kwasekupheleni kobomi. Nditsho amathuba obo buhlobo esi sibini Kahlo wafumana ecaphuka, embiza ngokuba "umtshato indlovu kunye nehobe," yaye ibingelilo ubaxo - Rivera wayephethe kwamashumi amabini, quintal nganye nzima yaye ngokubanzi eyayingathi Ogre elungileyo-natured. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa charisma engakholelekiyo, kwetalente uburharha, yayibizwa ngokuba umnqobi iintliziyo ababhinqileyo, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba "ndoda-wowadlayo" sele phantse igama lakhe yesibini - wambhinqisa ethintela abasetyhini ezintle abanetalente. Emva kwenye incoko serious neentanda ukwamkela ngokusesikweni kwaye siyayibona into yokuba Frida wayeza kuba impilo nezima de isiphelo sobomi yaye akasoze yena nabantwana bakhe, "olidla" kwaba yintsikelelo emtshatweni. Okuzibonela bathi umtshato ngokwayo yaba quintessence ubomi babo elizayo - makoti ethe enxibe yesizwe, ngokobutyebi ihonjiswe njengoko izivatho zayo ozithandayo kunye neentyatyambo, kunye nomyeni elephantine lamalela iholide kunye nomfazi owayesakuba Rivera, ukuze xa bonke waphakamisa isondo lengubo yakhe Kahlo, wathi: "Khangela, into uhambisana Diego wasebenza zam iinyawo ogqibeleleyo! ". Le apotheosis yaba ngomnwe omnye weendwendwe, umyeni othe ofanele ekruqukile ngempazamo shot off. Eneneni, njengoko kubiza isikhephe, ngoko ke kuya abhabhe.

abahlala ndawonye

Yaba mlilo, ngaphandle ubaxo. Frida Kahlo, abanothando, nomdla, phantse kunqulwa indoda yakhe, eqonda italente yakhe, kodwa kwangaxeshanye uvumela wena ukuba ukwalatha iziphako emsebenzini. Diego waba nomsindo, yonke into efumanekayo naphi, washiya indlu, njalo akabuyi. Kubulungisa kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba umfazi wakhe, akazange aphakamise isandla sakhe, nangona zazidlala isenzo esinjalo phambi - omnye izithandane bakhe, wazala intombi yakhe, ukuba phantse wabulawa. Oku mhlawumbi kungenxa yokuba wakufumanisa ukuba - kokubini ngomoya kwetalente. Noko ke, oku akuthethi imthintele ngokwemba isondo bafazi adibana endleleni. Frida Kahlo, ifoto apho ubona ngezantsi, liwuthuthumbisa, ukuhlupheka, kodwa abazange bayeke ukuthanda.

kweminyaka emihlanu odanisayo joint kwi nomgqomo lomgubo yaphela komsipha nengxolo, kodwa ukuba aphile ngokwahlukileyo enye kwenye, abayazi - ngonyaka weza ndawonye kwakhona. waqhubeka ukukrexeza umyeni wakhe, kwakunye iingxingongo ngumfazi wakhe. Ejolise nangayiphi na indlela Impindezelo yeyam, igcisa nayo ezingenanto kungena yokuxhela, ephephethekela emandlalweni wakhe, babhaptizwa amadoda kwanabafazi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, Diego lugcwabevu ngumsindo yaye ziyashukuma, ngenxa yokuba, ngokwembono yakhe, ukuba Jupiter iyafumaneka, ayivumelekanga ukuba yenkomo.

Leon noTrotsky

Frida Kahlo, ogama engobomi lukhulu kakhulu, kunye nomyeni wakhe yaba fan ukufunda kwiimbono Lva Trotskogo. Ngowe-1936, le yokugqibela, esukelwa Stalin wathumela unyawo lwakhe eshushu, esamkela Mexico kwi uphakamiso- Rivera, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ngokugcinwa nokuhlonelwa abalandeli bakhe ebusweni. Noko ke, ekufikeni badibana Frida, ekubeni ngaphambi kokuba umyeni wakhe esibhedlele kunye kidney yokukrala. Wahamba ukuba kakhokho wakhe, yena ekhokelwa ngumnqweno ukuba buhlungu indoda yakhe ngakumbi ebuhlungu, wagqiba ukuzama ngamakhubalo yakhe noTrotsky. Okumangalisayo kukuba, Leo wanikezela, uyaphumelela iimvakalelo fever ukwanelisa olululo. Yongeza iziqholo le meko yandiswa ngumba wokuba ukuba weza kutyelela umfazi wakhe, ukulawula ukutshintsha Calo yakhe phantse ubuso. Ally kulo mbandela yaba isithintelo ulwimi, njengokuba umfazi wathetha Russian kuphela, kodwa ngobunzulu zezulu nokucinga ukuba umyeni wakhe zaphoswa artist, umfazi asikwazanga ngoyaba. Konke oku kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni yokuwa kobudlelwane sibini noTrotsky, emva koko uLwazi wafudukela ekwilifa umhlobo Rivera. Wabhala incwadi emva kokuba incwadi Frida, kokungqubana impendulo njengembi. A ekuguqukeni ngubani nto kodwa eyimfama. Ukwamkela ukuba Frida Kahlo wayengafuni kuye, wacela ukuba abuyele emfazini wakhe. Iindawo ezinika umdla ku eMexico ukuba noTrotsky kaThixo esibulalayo - ngo-1940 ukuba abulawa NKVD.

indalo

Yonke imisebenzi Kahlo ubuntu ezahlukeneyo eqaqambileyo, awukwazi ungakhetha nawuphi na umfanekiso laliphakathi nje ukuba akukho laphu, bempilo. Nakuba kunjalo, kuzo zonke wabhala ngalo ubukrakra lamathemba ukuba kube njalo. Kwafa ke phandle; ethile - ngokulambisa buqapheleke, ziliminxe ode nemvelo kuyo yonke ingxokolo yayo uloyiso yobomi. Iintlungu nangomdla ezifana ngentsimbi zobuciko naye. Enoba umsebenzi, ukuqhama, ubundlobongela, ezigqithisileyo kunye coolants ezifana nobunzulu ukuba uyakwazi ukufunda ibali emilebeni. Oku akuthethi umfanekiso wabhala Frida Kahlo, incwadi, kunoko, ukuba iisilabhili akhutshelwe yonke nentlekele umphefumlo noko amnye ebantwini. Cinga ezinye ngemizobo yakhe, abonisa mzuzu.

Henry Ford Hospital

Lo mfanekiso, zipeyintwe-1932, eyona njongo ngomvandedwa Frida Kahlo njengoko inkazana nonina. Le ngelaphu usichaza umzobi ngokwakhe, wayengazazi ukuba umntwana kweli esibhedlele kakubi-mkhumbi. Ngenxa yokulimala ezimbi ubunzima yi ngozi, Kahlo akazange akwazi ukwenza usana, kodwa nangona lezempilo ethe kunye izilumkiso oogqirha, wamitha izihlandlo ezithathu, ixesha ngalinye ngethemba lokuba ummangaliso ayizange yenzeke. Umsebenzi obonisa ukuba Frida elele elukhukweni esibhedlele elukhuni, zinetyala legazi. umzimba ajikelezayo, nangoku agcina leyo memory yezinto sikulungele kondla umntwana. ezineeribhoni ezintathu uqhagamshele igcisa kunye nosana olungekazalwa, noqebeyi - inkqubela ecothayo esakhulelwe, kunye namathambo isinqe, okubangele ntlekele. Le imvelaphi lomile, soulless eMelika, leyo abanakho ukukunika uxolo. Ekumnikeni akususe ubonisa real Frida Kahlo. Iifoto kwexesha - a imilebe ukwazi, nasemashiyini ezifana amaphiko qwa intaka kunye ithemba obungenasiphelo emehlweni akhe emnyama.

Ezimbalwa Small Nips

Ke kulo mfanekiso, wadala ngowe-1935, uchaza ngokupheleleyo oko kwenzeka Kahlo ngexesha ubomi kunye Rivera. Enye ubungqina ibinzana yakhe, apho wayebhale iingozi ezimbini ebomini bakhe - ebhasini kunye Diego.

The Fridas Two

Umsebenzi, wazalwa ngo-1939, Frida Kahlo wabonisa akwaziqonda kufikwa kwezakhe. On siphilile, luzele lwamandla, amathuba kunye nethemba kumabhinqa, apho igcisa kungaba nje kuphela umphefumlo, kodwa eneneni, kwelinye icala elinye - ngqwabalala, ngokoqobo buthathaka. Kulo mzekelo, inkqubo yokujikeleza abe eqhelekileyo - ukuba sibanye.

ekupheleni

Kule novalo Kahlo ekugqibeleni wadlula. impilo yakhe ibe mandundu ngakumbi ngenxa njengesilonda waba umlenze, kodwa zange ukunceda ukunqanda isiphelo - 07/13/1954, igcisa iphelile. Mandla kwengqondo akazange wamshiya umzuzu, kwiintsuku ezisibhozo phambi kokufa kwakhe, yena kwafuneka ixesha ukugqiba umfanekiso, bedumisa ubomi akukhange ixesha lokwenza ngokupheleleyo.

namhlanje

Imbali kulula kwabo waba nesibindi kubhidla bazibonakalise, wade watshisa apha endleleni. estate Family e Mexico, ezaba lomculi ekuqaleni nasekugqibeleni - ngoku Frida Kahlo Museum, nto leyo zindlu ala kunye umlotha wakhe. Environment kunye nomoya lulonke indlu egcinwe ngenyameko ukuze adlulisele bobempunde ubuncinane iqhekeza umoya wobomi nokukhanya ukuba sizalwa Kahlo ebomini. Le memory of Frida a ungalinikeli kwizikhundla - malunga bhanya yakhe ihlumelo, zombini documentary bokubeka. Musa ukwenza ngaphandle nesenzeko engaqhelekanga - kutshanje avuza network ifoto, nto leyo ebonisa igcisa ecaleni imbongi Russian Vladimir Mayakovsky. Oku kwabangela umsindo, biographers baye bazama kwakhona uphendlo kuzo zonke kokuqinisekisa ebhaliweyo iintshukumo abalinganiswa, ifoto, ngoko ukuze ufumanise ukuba eneneni ingenzeka ukuba bahlangane. Kude kube ngoku, ukuba zifana akezi, kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba mfanekiso, oluveza babexhotyiswe oze Frida Kahlo kunye Mayakovsky nakwabangasekhohlo, kungekhona fake. Kungakhathaliseki indlela photo umtsalane ngokunyanisekileyo ibangela umdla iplagi kunzima ndikukhanyele.