Artist Bogdanov-Belsky UNikolai Petrovich: engobomi, ingakumbi ubuchule, imifanekiso best

NP Bogdanov-Belsky - ngomzobi Russian, ogama zigcinwa kwi iimyuziyam idumileyo ehlabathini ngemisebenzi. ubomi bakhe kunye nomsebenzi ungqamene yalitshintsha kwimbali Russian. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho phando ezinzulu ilifa layo wengcibi yokuluka. Nkqu eyapapashwa 2000 Encyclopedic Dictionary "amagcisa Russian" akakhankanywa kwi umsebenzi wale inkosi enkulu.

Umpeyinti ye emaphandleni Russian - ezi kakuhle eli ubuciko bokubhala, nto leyo eyahlukileyo NP Bogdanov-Belsky. Nangona igcisa ngempumelelo oluphezulu, ubukhosi olawulayo kunye yezikhulu yasebukhosini ngokufuthi wamthuma portraits kuye, kodwa bathabathekile ngokwenene ngokuthi isihloko yalo yokuphila lali elula. Nyana farmhand of kwiphondo ESmolensk, ndibathuma ndivuka phezulu ingqalelo ubuchule, wabona umphefumlo enzulu kwilali Russian wegqitha phezu canvases lwemizobo zakhe.

ebuntwaneni

Wazalwa 8 (20) ngoDisemba 1868. Malunga umama academician elizayo, akukho nto iyaziwa, ngaphandle ukuba kukho farmhand kunye bobylkoy. Church intsimbi Iringa yaba utitshala lokuqala. Phantsi kweliso yakhe inkwenkwe bafunda ukufunda nokubhala. Talent zokuphetha kwabonakala esemncinane - oneminyaka emithandathu kwilali enye inkwenkwe yazama kukuveza ephepheni ubomi ngeenxa zonke kuye.

Inqanaba elilandelayo koqeqesho - Shopotovskoe okokuqala kwikholeji iminyaka emibini. Apha umfana ekwaziyo wabona ngunozala kwisikolo sikarhulumente Tatev S. A. Rachinsky. Phantsi begxeka yakhe kwakukho izikolo ezingama-30 ukuba baya abantwana elalini. Umntu ofundileyo kakhulu, unjingalwazi kwiYunivesithi Moscow, Raczynski wenza iinzame ebonakalayo ukuphucula ubomi Sasungulwa abantwana. Esi studio art yesikolo yasebenza abafundi ukupeyinta nokuzoba. iminyaka emibini yokufunda, ukuba NP Bogdanov ibanjelwe kweli ziko, ikakhulu wagqiba ubomi bakhe elizayo.

Lo mfanekiso wokuqala

Ngobugcisa umfundi unesiphiwo kwakucaca kangangokuba ngo-1881 S. A. Rachinsky uthumela ukuba siqhubeke sifundana ukuya ngabapeyinti master icon. Ngelo xesha nye imisela ngemali umfundi wakhe - 25 engange nyanga nganye.

Lo mfanekiso yokuqala, ngazo opeyintayo oneminyaka eli-16 ubudala wathabatha inxaxheba kumboniso ubugcisa - ". Umsipres Forest" Ngokokubona V. D. Polenova kunye V. A. Serova, konke oko umphefumlo elula nobuhle bendalo landscape Russian. bt Artistic yimpumelelo kokuthengisa. Womzobo yathi yathengwa umqokeleli Sapozhnikov. Kwiminyaka emibini emva koko, lo mfana iqala isifundo seminyaka emihlanu Moscow Art School (1884-1889).

imfundo Ukugqitywa

Kakade ukususela kwiminyaka eli-18 umzobi oselula uqala yokuziphilisa ngokusebenzisa yabasebenzi yokuluka. ithengiswa Imizobo yakhe, kwaye imali eyoneleyo yokutya nokuqhubeka nemfundo. Ukongeza, uyaqhubeka ukufumana umxholo S. A. Rachinskogo, ngubani lwalandela bayahlelwa oonyana umfundi wakhe.

Emva kokuphumelela isebe landscape besikolo art, apho wayefunda amagcisa odumileyo V. D. Polenova and IM Pryanishnikova 1894 ngokuqhubeka imfundo N. Bogdanov esikolweni kwi-Academy of Arts. utitshala wakhe uba I. E. Repin ngeli xesha. Kancinci nje yoqeqesho yokugqibela ngonyaka. Ngowe-1895 umzobi oselula bagqiba ekubeni baqhubeke nemfundo yabo kwamanye amazwe. Kwiminyaka elandelayo esebenza kunye nezifundo e France, Germany kunye Italy. NP Bogdanov bathweswa izidanga Imperial Academy of Arts ngo-1903. Kwangaxeshanye, igcisa ifumana inxalenye yesibini igama lakhe. Ngokusayina yidiploma ewonga kuye isihloko academician, uMlawuli Nicholas II ngesandla sakhe igama kunye nekhonkco Bogdanov wenza PostScript - Belsky. Phantsi igama UNikolai Petrovich Bogdanov-Belsky, ogama imizobo bayaziwa obukhulu yokudweba, wahlala kwimbali zobugcisa Russian kunye nehlabathi. Arts Academy sakubona ukuba abe lilungu elizeleyo eneminyaka engama-46 (1914).

izwe

Iziganeko olululo 1917 ngumzobi akazange akwazi. zange ziphuhliswe ubuhlobo bakhe kunye nabasemagunyeni ezintsha, yaye ngowe-1921, NP Bogdanov-Belsky bathutha Soviet Russia. indawo yakhe entsha waba Latvia. ERashiya, akazange wabuya. Latvian ngexesha ubomi womzobi lathatha iminyaka 23.

Yena ngemincili ukusebenza. Uhlobo cwaka aseLatgale kunye amachibi, amahlathi kunye nemiqolomba, igcisa weza abangayithandiyo. Ngeli xesha udala eninzi-mhlaba kwaye lifes. Kodwa umxholo abantwana zibonwa ngokucacileyo imisebenzi ngumzobi. Ukusuka ibrashi yakhe uthotho lwemizobo zabantwana. abalinganiswa Small Imizobo - echukumisa kakhulu kwaye elinemifanekiso ngothando olukhulu. Njengoko eli bhaso liphezulu imisebenzi sokuyila kwaye ezemfundo - wawongwa IMbasa Iinkwenkwezi ezintathu. Ehlabathini lonke ngempumelelo enkulu lomboniso yakhe. Kwiminyaka yokushiywa baba lokuntshula italente yesibini enkulu igcisa Russian.

Omnye umfanekiso njengesipili bobuchule

A isici esasenza bobuchule NP Bogdanov-Belsky - yinto ngqo phantse lokufota ekudluliseni iinkcukacha ngemizobo yakhe. Umzekelo nenkcazelo womzobo "Virtuoso". Bogdanov-Belsky kubonisiwe kwi ngelaphu iqela labantwana kwilali ngubani ngehlombe ukuphulaphula umdlalo le balalaika abatsha. Ngononophelo, kunye ubuncwane meticulousness igcisa irejista neenkcukacha ezincinane iimpahla nabalulamileyo eyenziwe abalinganiswa bakhe. Inkanuko umculo amazwi amaqela zabantwana, ezinde uAshera, kwecala elivisayo ekudlaleni balalaika - umfanekiso Bogdanov-Belsky "Virtuoso" izele iinkcukacha ityhila ihlabathi engaphakathi zabalinganiswa zakhe. Kunye "documentary 'ndlela onjalo ukutshintshwa amalungu inokulandwa phantse yonke imisebenzi wegcisa enkulu.

Emva kweminyaka emininzi kangaka

Incredible, kodwa ukuzokuthi ga ngoku akukho ikhathalogu olupheleleyo mizobo yi inkosi yodumo. umsebenzi wakhe wabanjwa ekrexeza kumazwe awahlukeneyo. Nangona uninzi lwemizobo zaziwa kakuhle iingcali nje kuphela, kodwa ababukeli. Nakuba kunjalo, kukho iimbambano malunga ngexesha lokubhalwa ilaphu elithile. Kukholelwa ukuba umfanekiso esele zikhankanywe N. Bogdanov-Belsky "Virtuoso" ebhalwe wegcisa 1891. Kodwa inani labaphandi ubuchule bokuyila umzobi akholelwa ukuba wadalwa ngexesha kamva, malunga ngo-1912-1913. Eli xesha umsebenzi wakhe, nto leyo kwenzeka Ostrovno kwilali kufuphi Udomlya echibini. Omnye wabahlali ka kuloo lali, owazalelwa 1903 - Agatha Nilovna ivanova - yaba phakathi kwabantwana, apho igcisa obuvezwa kulo mfanekiso.

Kwaye le yenye kuphela mfihlelo phakathi uthotho amatshatshazi amhlophe ezihamba nayiphi ngobomi ngomzobi. Artist Bogdanov-Belsky, ogama imizobo baziwa kulo lonke ihlabathi, nangoku elinde ukuba umbhali ochaphazelekayo.

Kunyaka wokugqibela wobomi

Ngowe-1944, imeko yempilo umzobi elikhulu engaboni kakuhle. Ngenxa yoko, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuya eJamani, waza waphathwa ekliniki eBerlin. Noko ke, imigudu zonyango waseJamani wayezizuzisa iingcibi recovery. ngomzobi Great NP Bogdanov-Belsky wafa eneminyaka engama-77. Ukufa artist Russian waya phantse siyathandaza - iJamani yayeka imfazwe. Berlin wayelungiselela ukuba alwe kuhlaselo asondelayo Red Army. Yaba February 19, 1945. indawo yalo yokuphumla lokugqibela kumangcwaba yokushiywa Russian baba Tegel phezu ongaphandle capital waseJamani.

endaweni yokuba UYobi

Ngaba sicinge abahluza evela kubasebenzi ngokugqithiseleyo Agricultural umlimi ukusebenza ukusuka kwiphondo ESmolensk, ukuba unyana wakhe uya kuhla apha imbali yezobugcisa yehlabathi phantsi kwegama Bogdanov-Belsky? Nicholas, ogama iinkcazelo lwemizobo ngexesha lethu kuthatha iqhayiya ndawo intle kwiikhathalogu yombhiyozo hlabathi, nathi, ayikwazanga ukucinga ukuba yintoni ikamva eliqaqambileyo ubuchule babemlindile. Ngelishwa, ngumzobi Russian italente enkulu ngokungekho sikweni babelwe zisabonakala kwilizwe lakhe. Kodwa ubuso zamakhulu zabalinganiswa ngemizobo yakhe kuqhubeka bephila umboniso mboniso kumaphepha albums zobugcisa. Kwaye kubonakala ukuba emehlweni yobomi babo mihla ukhangela umzobi ngokwakhe. abujonga ngayo nxanelwe ulwazi elidlulileyo. Ngapha koko, inyaniso bethu budalwa ziinzame kuquka abalinganiswa ngemizobo yakhe.