Types of pasta. Ziziphi iintlobo pasta?

Chellentani kunye manikotti, kazerechche kunye pipa Rigat, mafaldine kunye Stellini, Soba kunye Udon, kunye sayfun bifun, chuzma kunye nuasyr - umntu ubhekisela Pasta "umoya", oko nje iseti amagama eelwimi zasemzini. Ngokuba fan bokwenyaniso ibali malunga na iintlobo pasta kumazwe awahlukeneyo.

Namhlanje, xa kuthelekiswa kumaxesha angaphambili, ezivenkileni kunye iivenkile ezishelifini lizisa iintlobo-ntlobo pasta. Amafoto thaca ngezantsi ibonisa kuphela inani elincinane ezahlukeneyo kwifomu, grade kunye nohlobo pasta.

Phi kwaye nini na pasta?

Umhla ngqo xa ezityiwa labantu ipasta, asikwazi igama nayiphi ukupheka mbali. yeengcinga Segodnyasuschestvuyut malunga Etruscans ubuntshatsheli, amaTshayina nama-Arabhu semcimbini wayila pasta.

Ukuba bafunda ngenyameko Etruscan necropolis imikrolo lilungu BC ngenkulungwane IV. e., ababhali-mbali baye bafikelela kwisigqibo ukuba ebonisa izinto isitsha, nto leyo yenziwa yi-pasta.

Ngokutsho kwenye ingcamango kukuba Nakule mihla yepasta iqala ukususela ngenkulungwane XIII, xa eVenice wabuya China Marco Polo. Noko ke, nkqu phakathi kwenkulungwane XII, uninzi ezithunyelwa eSisili wayengomnye iintlobo yepasta (yepasta secca). Oko kukuthi, nokuba isiqingatha senkulungwane kuze kubuye umhambi olukhulu China abavela ziye zavelisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo pasta.

Ezinye mbali bathi ephambili lokufumanisa pasta, okanye mandithi udidi lwabo ezifana noodles, ngowam eTshayina, apho kwabe walungisa phambi ekuqaleni AD. Nangona isibakala sokuba akukho lwazi ngqo malunga nini kwaye apho kukho ipasta, abantu abahlala kumazwe ahlukeneyo yaye bobakhe kwiinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo kunye nobuzwe, happy ukuzisebenzisa.

"National" ingakumbi pasta

Ekhitshini, abantu abaninzi babe ngasezantsi.Intlobo ngeentlobo zendidi yepasta kunye izitya apho asetyenziswa ngayo uhlobo olunye okanye kwelinye.

Kuba baseYurophu, iintlobo ezininzi ozithandayo kunye bayawazi noodles ezenziwe ngomgubo wengqolowa. Basenokuba nobubanzi ezahlukeneyo kakhulu, ubude kunye neemilo.

Inkoliso Asia, kuquka IsiTshayina, bakhetha pasta ezenziwe yerayisi umgubo. Ngokomthetho ke ezi ntlobo yepasta njengoko noodles irayisi ezibude nobubanzi, kwawo okanye ezimhlophe.

EJapan, Kazakhstan, Central Asia kwaye amanye amaphondo e China i-noodles ethandwa kakhulu elide, ezithatyathwe ngendlela ekhethekileyo. E Asia, ibizwa ngokuba "chuzma" kwaye esetyenziswa ekuphekeni Laghman.

EJapan, ngokwenkolelo yenziwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo yomgubo pasta. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu pasta baseTsobha, eyenziwe umxube buckwheat kunye nerayisi umgubo ocoliweyo, kwaye esetyenziswa kumalungiselelo izitya ezininzi. starch imidumba ukulungiselela uhlobo pasta ezikhethekileyo - sayfun.

Kumazwe Arab ezinjalo iindidi ezithandwayo yepasta njengoko Rasht kunye nuasyr.

Kangangexesha elide, abapheki ehlabathini lonke baye bazama ubugcisa lokwenza yepasta kunye nokudala zokupheka ezintsha. Makhe sijonge oko ke pasta.

ngezigaba pasta Russian

Pasta lungalungiselelwa ngokwemimiselo ezahlukeneyo yaye, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, kuxhomekeka izinto ezisetyenziswa inkqubo yokuvelisa. Umango kwiimeko ezininzi zenziwe ngomgubo wengqolowa, kodwa kufuneka zenziwe werayisi, irye, kunye buckwheat nomgubo, namakhweba istatshi.

Ngokutsho nemigangatho Russian, ipasta eyenziwe ngomgubo wengqolowa, kuxhomekeke ingqolowa iintlobo zihlelwa ngokwamaqela zilandelayo: A, B, C Ukongeza, ibakala yomgubo sisiseko Ukuqhela iintlobo ezintathu yepasta - eliphezulu, yokuqala neyesibini.

Iqela A yamkelwe ukuba pasta ezenziwe ngomgubo ephakamileyo, durum ingqolowa yokuqala neyesibini. ipasta okrwada kwiqela B nomgubo lamabakala aphezulu yokuqala vitreous zengqolowa. iqela Pasta B wasebenzisa isonka ngumgubo kwibakala nowokuqala.

ERashiya, ngokwemigangatho zikarhulumente lusekiwe, zonke pasta, ngokuxhomekeke ukuma kwabo, yahlulwe ngeentlobo ezininzi:

• olugobileyo lokuvala;
• tubular;
• Imicu;
• eVancouver-ezimile.

Kwimeko nganye kwezi ntlobo Kukho iindidi eziliqela. manqaku Waxonxa zingenziwa kuzo zonke iimilo kunye nobukhulu.

Ngu pastas tubular ziquka ipasta ngqo, iintsiba kunye neempondo. Kuyo, kuxhomekeka ubukhulu wohlulwe:

• "Ngeendiza" - ubukhulu ukuya ku-4 mm;
• ezikhethekileyo - ububanzi ukusuka-4 mm ukuya 5.5 mm;
• eqhelekileyo - ububanzi of ukusuka 5.6 mm ukuya 7 mm;
• engahlawulwayo - ubukhulu mkhulu kuno-7 mm.

noodles ipasta Filamentous yahlulwe Umsonto-sangqa hayi ngaphezulu kwe 0.8 mm; elihle - sangqa mkhulu kuno-1.2 mm; eqhelekileyo - ububanzi ngaphantsi kwe-1.5 mm; engahlawulwayo - ubukhulu ukuya ku-3 mm.

Ukuze isicelo noodles ipasta ezimilise band-eziveliswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye namagama. Kunokuba ngqo kwaye siziinduli nemithungo, incence kunye agudileyo. pasta ubukhulu ayikwazi ngaphezu-2 mm, kwaye ububanzi akuvumelekile, kodwa hayi ngaphantsi kwe-3 mm.

Ngokutsho abamenyiweyo Russian, zonke pastas bohlulwa babe ngamaqela eziphambili amabini :. A ubude elifutshane cm 1.5 ukuya kwi-15, nobude - ukusuka cm-15 ukuya ku-50 ngokungqinelana nemigangatho karhulumente, i-pasta nje elide, noodles kunye vermicelli ingaba elide kanye elifutshane. iimveliso ezimilise, kwakunye iimpondo kunye neentsiba eziveliswe kuphela mfutshane.

ngezigaba pasta Italian

E Italy, wasebenzisa kudidi eyahlukileyo ephezulwana yepasta kunokuba liqhele eRashiya. ukupheka nje Italian, kukho malunga namakhulu amathathu iintlobo pasta, kodwa inani labo ngqo ngumntu akunakwenzeka uya kukwazi ukubiza.

E Italy ipasta wohlulwe ngokuyintloko ekrwada neyomileyo. pasta womisa zigcinwe ixesha elide kwaye ithengiswa ezivenkileni neevenkile. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ipasta yokutya okungaphekwanga kusetyenziswa ngoko nangoko ukwenzela ukulungiswa kwisitya.

Zonke ipasta Italian kwemiqathango yahlulwe le subgroups zilandelayo:

• elide;
• elifutshane;
• olugobileyo lokuvala;
• ipasta soup amancinci;
• senzelwe baking;
• zizaliswe (wafaka) paste.

pasta elide

Ukwenza wesizalo ipasta elide kunye ububanzi of 1.2 ukuya kwezi-2 mm, ezifana Cappellini, vermicelli, ungumcu kunye spagettini kunye bucatini.

ezineeribhoni ipasta Flat ngohlobo noodles ezifana bavette, fettuccine, tagliatelle, linguine kunye pappardelle, zahluke ububanzi, leyo ukusuka-3 ukuya ku-13 mm.

ezahlulweyo ipasta tyaba elide na mafaldine ukuba beskrini siziinduli.

pasta short

ipasta emfutshane ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zilandelayo kakhulu zithandwa.

Iintsiba penne -. Le ubukhulu tube encinane kungekho ngaphezulu kwe-10 mm kunye ubude akukho iincam cm ngaphezulu kwe-4 pasta benqunyulwe kwi-engile, nto ke leyo ebangele ziyafana usiba ziloliwe. kumphezulu wazo isenokuba agudileyo okanye zila.

Ditalini, leyo yaguqulelwa isuka Italian lithetha "thimbles". tube ezincinane kunye mfutshane kakhulu.

Rigatoni - iityhubhu ezimfutshane nezinde ipasta, banzi ngaphezu penne. Ngokwesiqhelo zila.

Ziti - egosogoso kancinane arc ityhubhu. Kunokuba ibe zombini elifutshane elide.

Iimpondo (Elbow umango) - enhle, iityhubhu ezincinane umngxuma.

pasta olugobileyo

ipasta olugobileyo kwi isithethe Italian kunokuba kwahluka kakhulu ifomu kunye nobukhulu. Zeziphi ezi ntlobo ethandwa kakhulu futhi ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo pasta.

Rotini - kwezinto, encinane ngokwenene amafutshane "nemithombo".

Akuboni - kwezinto elide ngaphezu rotini, kwaye kananjalo nesijijekileyo ibe "yasentwasahlobo." Ingaba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo: elide, zingcakacile, ezimfutshane nepeni.

Kavatappi - efana kakhulu ukuya fuzz, kodwa wazolula ngaphezulu ubude. Ngaphakathi ezibuhlazarha, kwaye ngaphandle - yenyuka.

Conchiglie - amaqokobhe, kwaye inguqulelo lokoqobo ukusuka Italian - "unefoni". ubude ezahlukeneyo kunye kwisisu lwangaphakathi elimxinwa.

Lyumake - iinkumba. Eneneni, kubonakala efana kakhulu ukuya endlwini iinkumba ukusuka apho sicaca.

Farfalle - Butterfly. Siye wabamba igama ngaphantsi komnye yaye prosaic ngakumbi - "nezaphetha".

Radiator - hayi nencasa kakhulu yothando igama Ukusika - radiator, kuba vee kunye vee kwi ungumcu ngalinye.

Ruota - kweevili ezijikelezayo, ipasta ezi ndlela zethu babizwa - "iivili".

Orso - sifunda ngakumbi noodles entle irayisi.

Iinkcukacha bacinge iintlobo yepasta Italian olugobileyo aziyi, sibala amagama ambalwa: Torchio, Gemelli, malloredas, kezaritsiya, umnqamlezo Di Galli, kvadrefore kunye Gigli.

ipasta Small (ipasta) ukuba isuphu

Zokugcwalisa isuphu sebenzisa ndidi zilandelayo pasta encinane.

Anelli -, namakhonkco ezincinane flat.

Alphabet - pasta ngohlobo oonobumba.

Coral - tubules ezincinane ezincinane somhlathi efana izixhobo.

Stellete - iinkwenkwezi, ezifana isuphu yethu ipasta shape efanayo.

Filin - strings mfutshane.

Pasta sokubhaka

Cannelloni - ikhangeleka ngathi imibhobho elide ezinkulu ubukhulu.

Manikotti - elide nje cannelloni, kodwa ububanzi elincinci.

Konkilone - abakhulu, sinokuthi, amaqokobhe ingxilimbela.

Conchiglie - amaqokobhe medium size of.

Lumakoni - laba enkulu.

Lasagna - sheets tyaba kwaye ububanzi yayo elintlangothi isenokuba ngqo okanye esimfaneleko.

pasta olugcwalisiweyo - pasta nokuvalwa

Ravioli - amadombolo yayimbombo-enziwe intlama ipasta, efana kakhulu no amadombolo eziqhelekileyo Russian.

Tortellini - amadombolo ezincinane ngohlobo amakhonkco ezahlukeneyo kwiziseko.

Gnocchi - amadombolo ezincinane abotshwe iitapile ezicujiweyo, itshizi okanye isipinatshi.

Ngomhla umbuzo wokuba yintoni na ipasta, uninzi lwabalandeli zabo abaminyaka ukusuka kwiminyaka emi-3 ukuya ku-12 ubudala baya kukuxelela ukuba umbala. Eneneni, ukuba abantwana abafana naba noodles kakhulu! Paint kuzo, njengoko umthetho, idayi zendalo. Ngoko ke, ipasta eluhlaza zifunyenwe ngokudibanisa incindi isipinatshi, nemfusa - juice beet, omnyama - inki squid.

E Italy, oko wayeyoliswa kakhulu yepasta abamnyama bakubize pasta nera. Ubukhulu, imilo kunye nobude yepasta sixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo njengephupha umpheki zokupheka bagqiba ukupheka kubo.

Siye sahlolisisa nesizathu iintlobo ngoyena usetyenziswa rhoqo kunye neentlobo pasta, enyanisweni, uluhlu pasta mkhulu kakhulu kunokuba ngqondweni. Mhlawumbi, i abavela ngokwawo, ngaphandle abapheki zobungcali, mbali zokupheka kunye nemveliso iinjineli ipasta, andazi ukuba yintoni na ipasta kunjalo, wayemthanda kwilizwe labo lasekhaya.